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Lane Wilkinson 《The Reference Librarian》2014,55(1):1-25
Moral dilemmas are a seemingly intractable part of librarianship. Although professional codes of ethics offer some guidance as to the nature of librarians’ professional obligations, they are generally silent when it comes to moral decision making at the point of service. This article will argue that librarians must augment their normative professional codes with a rational decision procedure when faced with a moral dilemma involving a library service. In particular, the ethical approach of principlism—the dominant ethical approach in medical ethics—is well-suited to librarianship. Pursuant to the principlist approach, this article will qualify the nature of moral dilemmas, establish the limits of professional codes of ethics, identify a candidate set of core principles of library service, and outline the core principlist concepts of specifying obligations and balancing principles. 相似文献
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Ethical behavior in libraries goes beyond service to users. Academic health sciences library directors may need to adhere to the ethical guidelines and rules of their institutions. Does the unique environment of an academic health center imply different ethical considerations? Do the ethical policies of institutions affect these library leaders? Do their personal ethical considerations have an impact as well? In December 2013, a survey regarding the impact of institutional ethics was sent to the director members of the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries. The objective was to determine the impact of institutional ethics on these leaders, whether through personal conviction or institutional imperative. 相似文献
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《Library & information science research》2020,42(2):101020
Concern and even conflict over information privacy and access to personal, sensitive, information owns a lengthy, complex, and disputed history in the information professions. A historical case study, this research explores the ethical tensions between information access for (re)use and information privacy regarding queer archival materials. It engages with small worlds and normative behavior, with codes of ethics, and with issues of power and social justice. Various small worlds' definitions of normative behavior condition and potentially determine their positions on access to perceived sensitive information. Further, information professionals may overlook codes of ethics even when addressing ethical challenges. Finally, the power of information professionals to effect social justice may be overestimated. Implications for practice and directions for future research are suggested. 相似文献
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《Communication Teacher》2013,27(4):244-248
Courses: This activity could be used in courses where persuasion, dialogue, and communication ethics are primary. Thus, a communication ethics course, or course units where students discuss ethics, would be appropriate. For instance, even a human communication course could use this activity to describe ethical treatment of “the other” or a mass communication class can use this activity to discuss ethical power (i.e. the power of technology or news media). This activity could also be modified for use in a public speaking, rhetoric, organizational, or small group communication.Objective: This activity should be used in tandem with the National Communication Association (NCA) ethical credos on communication. In 2014, to mark the 100th anniversary of the NCA, NCA reaffirmed three ethical credos: The Credo for Free and Responsible Communication in a Democratic Society (National Communication Association, 2013); The Credo for Free and Responsible Use of Electronic Communication Network (National Communication Association, 1963); and the Credo for Ethical Communication (National Communication Association, 1999). When training students to think ethically, it is important to help them develop categories and determine declarative statements. Thus, the NCA documents are effective examples of communication manifestos. Ultimately, through collaboration with partners, small groups of students will develop a communication ethics manifesto in a format similar to the NCA examples. Specifically, they will identify ethical dilemmas, in the activity these are called “Urgent 21st Century Communication Ethics Issues,” and determine declarative statements that provide an ethical framework to address the issue. The “big question”: can student groups create a declarative and collaborative manifesto that addresses urgent 21t century communication ethics issues? 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(38):133-140
The questions of expectation of privacy by the patron and the accountability of he reference librarian to ensure privacy are explored. Discussion reveals lhat different patron types have different expectations of confidentiality. Librarians have an ethical accountability based on ALA Codes of Ethics, but social and personal conflicts may arise. The reference librarian has no legal accountability to protect the patron's confidentiality during a reference interview. Although the Codes need to protect the librarian more and reflect the dualities, there may be no resolution to conflicts between professional and personal integrity. 相似文献
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Birgit Røe Mathisen 《Journalism Practice》2019,13(6):639-656
This article sheds light on the professional role of freelance journalists and examines ethical dilemmas faced by Norwegian freelance journalists. Freelancers and self-employed journalists have to manage their own financial interests and secure their income, as well as the professional ethics of journalism. Finding themselves placed between autonomy and precarity, these freelancers are also engaged in non-journalistic activities, such as PR, because these kinds of jobs usually pay better than news work. This article discusses freelancers and ethical dilemmas. Further, it addresses how freelancers deal with the blurring borders between journalism and PR. 相似文献
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Advances in neuroscience are increasingly intersecting with issues of ethical, legal, and social interest. This study is an analysis of press coverage of an advanced technology for brain imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, that has gained significant public visibility over the past ten years. Discussion of issues of scientific validity and interpretation dominated over ethical content in both the popular and specialized press. Coverage of research on higher order cognitive phenomena specifically attributed broad personal and societal meaning to neuroimages. The authors conclude that neuroscience provides an ideal model for exploring science communication and ethics in a multicultural context. 相似文献
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Web2．0技术在图书馆员个人隐性知识管理中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在分析图书馆员个人隐性知识管理必要性的基础上,提出了在Web2．0环境下,如何运用博客、维基、Rss、Tag等Web2．0技术,有效进行图书馆员的隐性知识管理,以提高馆员各方面的素质和技能,更好地为读者服务。 相似文献
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This paper demonstrates the divergent requestor privacy policies of professional librarians and the administration of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), and urges the federal government to adhere to librarian ethics in order to protect FOIA requestors. Section 1 of the paper provides information about the origins and purpose of the FOIA. Section 2 offers an overview of the philosophical and historical origins of library patron privacy ethics, discussing both the ethical basis for patron privacy and actual instances where library records have been sought for government surveillance of private citizens. Section 3 describes the state library laws that protect library requestors, as well as federal laws that protect non-FOIA requestor privacy rights, including the Video Privacy Protection Act (VPPA), which protects video rental records. Section 4 of the paper warns that, in the digital era, it is more important than ever to safeguard personal information like that contained in FOIA requests to prevent the stifling of information seeking activities in the United States. By modifying laws tomeet the needs of the “information age,” the United States government can embrace and utilize the ethical standards that are at the foundation of librarianship, and protect the principle that information should be free and available to the American populace. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]社交媒体数据已经成为目前学术研究中重要的数据来源。但学者在采集、利用社交媒体数据过程中往往忽略其中存在的伦理风险。本研究从伦理视角剖析社交媒体数据类研究,提醒研究者们更好地理解此类研究面临的研究方法和伦理方面的挑战。[方法/过程]本文以新浪微博为研究对象,从四个角度对微博数据研究进行伦理反思,研究者缺乏伦理意识;公私数据界定不清;知情同意机制缺失;数据使用规范性有待加强。[结果/结论]伦理规范即通过有效的规制,保证研究的所有环节都处于伦理的规范空间内,微博蕴含丰富的个人数据,并且微博数据研究的发展演化也对伦理规范有强大需求。本研究认为,应建立数据教育体系,提升"数据伦理"意识;研究者不能假设用户同意;探索科学的知情同意机制;鼓励跨领域合作,平衡创新与风险。 相似文献
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《Communication Teacher》2013,27(3):154-158
Courses: Intermediate and advanced public relations courses. Can also be modified for graduate courses. Objectives: The following objectives, based on Fink's (2005) recommendations for writing learning objectives, focus on what students should learn about ethics in the practice of public relations: ? Understand basic notions of the philosophical basis for ethical decision making. ? Relate their intuitive senses of ethics to ethical decision making in public relations. ? Understand the social implications of ethical public relations practice. ? Use the Public Relations Society of America's (PRSA) code of ethics on in-class case examples and for all subsequent case analyses for the semester. ? Value ethics as an important dimension of effectiveness and professionalism. ? See ways to build on ethical understanding now and in their careers. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(20):89-103
This paper explores the role of the reference librarian in an interdisciplinary field bridging scholarly and policy information, and in a library that serves the public, academic, business and policy communities. After considering the nature of women's studies and policy studies, the author reviews recent literature on the changing role of the librarian in providing specialized research and reference services, finding the emergence of a proactive, client-centered, multifunction model. Through an examination of the diverse activities in women's policy issues in Washington DC, the author shows the ability of the librarian to merge reference service, research consultation, outreach, collection development, and bibliographic instruction. In monitoring the field within and outside the library, the librarian becomes established as an independent authority and can offer well-informed service to policymakers, analysts, students, the media and political groups. The paper summarizes the benefits and problems for the librarian and the patrons in this individual approach to public service. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(27-28):105-122
The traditional library organization for over forty years has been divided into technical services and public services. The age of automation, however, is bringing these two areas much closer together, and in some large academic libraries, the technical services librarian and the public services librarian are the same person. The work done in serials acquisitions and collection development is now available online in many libraries. Several libraries also have automated serials control and cataloging capabilities. With the advent of online access to serials, reference, interlibrary loan and library instruction services have simplified the work demands for the reference librarian. This conclusion suggests that cooperation between technical services and public services is the logical solution to provide the best possible service to the library patron. 相似文献
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"公共图书馆精神"讨论的时代意义和面临的困局 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文章认为现代图书馆精神是现代图书馆事业和图书馆人应有的职业理念和具有普遍意义的价值追求，追溯了现代“图书馆精神”产生的社会根源，法理基础和伦理学内涵，指出了我国现阶段图书馆精神实践中存在的问题与不足。 相似文献