Native Language Self-Concept and Reading Self-Concept: Same or Different?     

A. Katrin Arens  Alexander Seeshing Yeung  Marcus Hasselhorn 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(2):229-252

In assessing verbal academic self-concept with preadolescents, researchers have used scales for students’ self-concepts in reading and in their native language interchangeably. The authors conducted 3 studies with German students to test whether reading and German (i.e., native language) self-concepts can be treated as the same or different constructs. Compared with other facets of academic self-concept, reading self-concept was more highly related to reading test scores (Study 1) and German self-concept to German grades (Study 2). In Study 3, reading and general school self-concepts demonstrated similar relations to German grades. The findings of the 3 studies, albeit indirect, supported the specificity matching principle and caution researchers against applying reading and native language self-concept scales uncritically to infer verbal self-concept.  相似文献   

美国对华反补贴调查中的专向性标准评析     

张书林 《韩山师范学院学报》2012,(5):45-49

《SCM协定》中的专向性标准可以说是美国法中的专向性标准的编纂和修改,但又有相当的丰富和发展。虽然美国1994年《乌拉圭回合协定法》对《SCM协定》作出了一定的回应,但就专向性标准而言,二者还是有不一致的地方。审视美国对华反补贴调查中的专向性标准,有值得商榷的地方,也有明显违背《SCM协定》的做法,中国政府可以根据个案的具体情况针对性地进行抗辩。在宏观层面,中国政府在经济立法和政策制定上应该未雨绸缪;在专向性国际规则的形成和发展过程中应发挥积极作用,促进更加公平合理的专向性标准的确立。  相似文献   

Intercultural attention in trauma treatment: Western trauma treatment negotiated and modified in Sudan     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2019

Western therapeutic methods have increasingly been implemented in non-Western contexts as treatment for traumatic stress reactions. There is a growing awareness of the need for such implementations to incorporate cultural specificity, and discussions are needed on the suitability of Western psychological approaches and theories in different parts of the world. The objective of this paper is to explore the intercultural applicability of trauma treatment through a case study in Sudan. We look at how Western methods are applied and potentially modified in Sudan to fit social-cultural realities – and how specific contexts affects treatments. Such data from a non-Western context is invaluable to the discussion of transcultural aspects of mental health care. This paper presents interview data, where counsellors in a trauma centre in Sudan were asked how they are implementing Western methods, and how these treatments are negotiated and potentially modified to fit the context. The interviewed counsellors emphasise the contextual factors influencing the treatment and the need to modify therapeutic methods to the specific cultural setting. Three themes are discussed: stigma towards mental health and sexual assaults; the negotiation of treatment alongside traditional healers; and the modification of treatments to the cultural context. The findings suggest that although Western methods can be useful in non-Western settings, these need to be carefully modified to the context as well as to each individual client. The study offers valuable insights into such modifications.  相似文献   

Strong vocational education – a safe way to the labour market? A case study of the Czech Republic     

Jana Straková 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2015,57(2):168-181

  相似文献   

Academic Self-Concepts in Ability Streams: Considering Domain Specificity and Same-Stream Peers     

Gregory Arief D. Liem  Dennis M. McInerney  Alexander S. Yeung 《Journal of Experimental Education》2015,83(1):83-109

The study examined the relations between academic achievement and self-concepts in a sample of 1,067 seventh-grade students from 3 core ability streams in Singapore secondary education. Although between-stream differences in achievement were large, between-stream differences in academic self-concepts were negligible. Within each stream, levels of students’ achievement and their self-concepts were systematically related only when considered in the matching academic domain and the appropriate level of specificity. In English, lower achievers in the high-ability stream tended to underestimate their achievement, whereas higher achievers in the low-ability stream tended to overestimate their achievement. This pattern, however, was not evident in mathematics and the general academic domain. Taken together, the findings highlight the importance of considering the interplay of domain specificity and same-stream peers in academic self-concepts.  相似文献   

N170与面孔识别关系的探讨     

田海鹏 《科教文汇》2015,(14)

在对面孔进行识别时，大脑会在170ms左右产生一个负波即N170。N170是否具有面孔特异性，反映的是结构编码还是特征编码，一直都存在争论。文章对这两个争论进行了阐述，并提出将N170作为异族效应指标的设想，期望探讨N170在情绪面孔识别中的神经机制。  相似文献   

从品牌个性角度论农产品品牌结构塑造方法     

戴程  杨建州 《丹东师专学报》2013,(2):103-107

农产品品牌建设中,品牌个性对品牌结构起到了导向性作用。品牌个性偏重“仁”“智”“雅”时。采取单一品牌结构模式较好;品牌个性偏重“勇”“乐”时,采取多品牌结构模式较为适宜。农产品品牌不同于普通商品品牌的特点众多。绿色、环保、地理保护、有机等概念都在左右着品牌个性的塑造。品牌结构设置因此要更多的考虑这些品牌的个性特点,在此基础上建立起来的品牌结构才更科学。  相似文献   

Generality vs. Specificity of an Extension Power Measurement of the Arms and Legs     

John C. Bachman 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):220-222

Abstract

To determine the relationship between the extension power of the arms and power of the legs, 26 male Macalester College students were tested on a modified Biokinetic Swim Bench. All measurements were measured accurately and reliably. Correlations between individual abilities on the leg extension and the arm extension tasks are low, r =.194. Between the right arm and the right leg the r = .041; and between the left arm and the left leg the r = .227. These correlations are not significant. It was concluded that extension power abilities are highly specific in nature and that assuming arm power from a leg power measurement is not a viable alternative to actual measurement of the arm power.  相似文献   

Influence of single‐leg training on muscle metabolism and endurance during exercise with the trained limb and the untrained limb     

A. E. Hardman  C. Williams  L. H. Boobis 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):105-116

We have previously shown that single‐leg training results in improved endurance for exercise with the untrained leg (UTL) as well as for exercise with the trained leg (TL). The purpose of this study was to see whether the improved endurance of the untrained leg could be explained on the basis of changes in muscle metabolism. Exercise time to exhaustion at 80% of maximum oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) was determined for each leg separately, pre‐ and post‐training. Muscle metabolite concentrations were measured pre‐ and post‐training in biopsy samples obtained immediately before this endurance test and at the pre‐training point of exhaustion (END1). After six weeks of single‐leg training endurance time was increased for both the UTL and the TL (UTL 34.0+16.4 min vs 97.9±26.3 min, P<0.01; TL 28.3 + 10.1 min vs 169.0 + 32.6 min, P < 0.01). No changes in muscle metabolite concentrations were found in resting muscle. Training increased muscle ATP (P <0.05) and glycogen (P <0.01) concentrations and decreased muscle lactate concentration (P<0.05) in the TL at END1. No significant changes in muscle metabolite concentrations were found for the UTL. The improved endurance of the contralateral limb after single‐leg training could not be explained on the basis of changes in muscle metabolism.  相似文献   

Changing ecological constraints of practice alters coordination of dynamic interceptive actions     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):157-167

Abstract

The ecological constraints of practice have a significant effect on the acquisition of functional information–movement couplings and learners need to converge on information-specifying perceptual variables. Consequently, the prolonged and widespread use of ball projection machines for the practice of interceptive actions may lack theoretical foundation because they afford information-specifying variables that are not present in competition. The timing and coordination of the forward defensive stroke in cricket batting were examined in experienced batters under two typical practice task constraints: batting against a representative “real” bowler and a representative bowling machine (mean delivery velocity 26.76 m·s^?1 under both conditions). Significant adaptation of coordination and timing was observed under the different practice task constraints. For example, initiation of the backswing was later against a bowler and downswing was faster with a different ratio of backswing–downswing when batting against the bowling machine (47%–53%) compared with the bowler (54%–46%). Peak bat height differed under the two constraints (bowling machine: mean 1.56 m, s=19.89; bowler: 1.72 m, s=10.36 m). Mean length of front foot stride was shorter against the bowling machine (0.55 m, s=0.07 m) than the bowler (0.59 m, s=0.06 m). The correlation between initiation of backswing and front foot movement was much higher against the bowler (r?=?0.88) than the bowling machine (r=0.65).  相似文献