凝胶燃烧法制备镍掺杂氧化锌及其光致发光性能     

陈建华  程好  赵俊锋 《常熟理工学院学报》2012,(4):6-9

采用凝胶燃烧法制备了粒径为100 nm~300 nm 的 Zn1-xNixO (x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04)纳米粉末.使用 SEM、 XRD、荧光分光光度计对产物的结构、形貌及光学性能进行表征.研究结果表明,氧化锌中镍的最大掺杂量为 x=0.03,超出以后会析出氧化镍晶体.随着镍掺杂量的增加,镍掺杂氧化锌的紫外吸收限发生红移,能带宽度逐渐降低,紫外光区的吸收减弱而可见光区的吸收增强;镍掺杂氧化锌发射光谱发射峰强度减弱、宽化,并出现一些新的发射峰  相似文献   

Sport and doping: from WADA’s monopoly to collective arrangements and new model of anti-doping     

Sergey Altukhov  Hongxin Li 《Sport in Society》2019,22(11):1834-1847

Abstract

On April 1, 2018, the new standards of compliance to the code of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) came into force. The new standards impact all sports. An important amendment has been made to an article of the existing code ‘Additional Roles and Responsibility of the Parties’. Now, all international federations and the unions in agreement with WADA are obliged to reject applications for holding all sporting events from countries that do not comply with the WADA code. By then, Russian elite sport remained in isolation because the Russian Anti-Doping Agency (RUSADA) had no license from WADA until a compromise agreement allowed Russia back into international sports in September 2018. The probability of obtaining permanent return to international sport was extremely low. In order to obtain the license, Russian sport authorities were asked to agree with the reports of Professor McLaren and to admit the existence of doping support in the country at the state level, which seemed improbable. In Russia, although the new standards of the World Anti-Doping Agency code have not caused special concerns it directly impact Russian elite sport. Unless certain conditions were met by 2019, there was a high probability that Russia would not be able to attend large international competitions in the near future, including the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. The situation dictates the choice of the new strategy of development for Russian sport and new model for the fight against doping, which can be not dependent on WADA. To date, there have been no real checks on WADA’s authority other than occasional decisions in the Court of Arbitration for Sport. Academics who are critical of WADA’s functions often find themselves marginalized when the purported global doping “crisis” should bring “all hands on deck” to provide a humanistic and scientific approach that is best for athletes past, present and future. The functions of WADA in investigating, charging and punishing athletes do not contribute to sustainable development of sport and the sports industry around the world, and create unipolar environment of influence on sports development. Therefore, in this article, we describe some alternative forms and new order of regulation of the anti-doping relations in sport.  相似文献   

Hyperhydration using different hydration agents does not affect the haematological markers of the athlete biological passport in euhydrated volunteers     

Ioanna Athanasiadou  Sven Christian Voss  Wesal El Saftawy  Mohammed Al-Maadheed  Georgia Valsami  Costas Georgakopoulos 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(16):1924-1932

ABSTRACT

Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) is an indirect approach, implemented by WADA, aimed at detecting blood manipulation based on abnormal changes in haematological markers. Cases report the use of hyperhydration as masking method during anti-doping urine sample collection which could potentially mask suspicious fluctuations on ABP profiles. This study investigated the hyperhydration effect on haemoglobin concentration, reticulocyte percentage and OFF-hr score (an algorithm based on haemoglobin concentration and reticulocyte percentage), with and without recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) administration. A five-week clinical study performed; Baseline and rHuEPO Phase. Water and a sports drink were used as hyperhydration agents. To examine the hyperhydration effect on the normal ABP profile per volunteer, hyperhydration was implemented at 0, 24 and 48 hours during the baseline. During the rHuEPO phase, volunteers received Epoetin beta (3000 IU) with hyperhydration to be implemented at 0, 24 and 48 hours after drug administration. Blood and urine samples were collected and analysed according to WADA guidelines. No significant effect on ABP markers was observed due to hyperhydration at any time during the study. Pre- and post-hyperhydration data were not statistically different compared to individual baseline data. In conclusion, hyperhydration does not affect the ABP haematological markers under the examined conditions.  相似文献   

基于危机情境理论的兴奋剂危机分类及传播策略研究     

周榕  万晓红 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(10):23-30

体育明星使用兴奋剂危机由于嵌入国家形象语境，又牵涉复杂的科技因素，常因危机责任难断、责任性质复杂，成为体育危机传播中亟待解决又难以解决的灰色地带，如何更专业、有效地与世界对话是我国兴奋剂危机传播面对的难题。在分析我国兴奋剂危机传播困境及其来源的基础上，以情境式危机传播理论为框架，以危机责任归属为逻辑，将我国兴奋剂危机划分为无用误判兴奋剂危机、过失使用兴奋剂危机、故意使用兴奋剂危机。并依据Coombs提出的危机情境与反应对策的对应关系，从微观上分析三类兴奋剂危机相应的话语沟通策略。同时，为实现国际意见市场上的跨文化传播，从宏观上提炼出兴奋剂危机传播国际适应的三大路径——权威代言：消解举国体制语境下兴奋剂危机责任主体多元化困境；"双向新均衡"沟通模式：调和与跨文化场域危机利益攸关人之间的文化和意识形态差异；独白、对话、合作：复合传播模式解构国际"话语巫术"。  相似文献   

《世界反兴奋剂条例》听证条款的法律解释学分析     

孔蕊  姜世波 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(3):34-38

法律解释学的文义解释、漏洞补充、法律论证理论对《世界反兴奋剂条例》第8条听证条款的认知具有应用价值。文义解释是听证条款优先解释方法,应将词语的通常意义作为解释的首要规则。通过漏洞补充认为兴奋剂听证适用瑞士行政听证规则,听证裁决应经国际奥委会核准后执行。通过法律论证认为保护运动员基本权利优先于国际奥委会确保体育纯洁、促进公平竞赛的目的,听证是否公开需要国际体育仲裁法庭综合考虑法律效果和社会效果的有机统一。运动员对世界反兴奋剂机构不遵守自己规则或不正确解释规则的行为有向瑞士联邦最高法院上诉的司法救济权利。  相似文献   

干血点技术在反兴奋剂领域的应用研究与前景展望     

荆京  单圆鸿  陈佩杰  徐昕 《上海体育学院学报》2021,(2):22-31

作为一种血液样本的替代采集方法,干血点(dried blood spot,DBS)采样技术在新生儿筛查以及临床和药学等领域被广泛应用,同时在反兴奋剂领域也受到了关注。为进一步了解DBS在运动员样本的采集、运输、保存等方面的潜在优势以及在兴奋剂检测中的研究现状,对近10年的相关文献资料进行归纳总结,发现DBS技术具有操作简单、血量需求少、微创性、易保存与运输等优势,克服了传统采样方法的诸多缺点;同时,DBS与液相色谱和质谱技术联用在各类禁用物质检测中也显示出一定优势,DBS是一种良好的替代或补充基质。就DBS在当前应用中面临的难点以及可能的解决方法进行探讨,并对DBS在反兴奋剂领域的应用前景进行展望。  相似文献   

中热固相法Li1+xV3O8-yFy正极材料的制备及性能     

秦红莲  唐致远  马莉 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2011,28(4)

以Li2CO3和V2O5为原料,用中热固相法制备了掺杂不同氟离子含量的锂离子电池正极材料Li1+xV3O8-yFy,采用XRD衍射对其结构进行表征,并通过充放电测试、循环伏安及电导率测试对其性能进行了研究.测试结果表明,中热固相法制得的Li1+xV3O8-yFy产品较纯,没有杂质相存在;当y=0.1时产品的电化学循环性能最好,首次放电比容量达252.08 mAh/g,以0.2c倍率循环25次之后比容量仍保持在210.93 mAh/g,容量保持率达92.72％.  相似文献   

无水溶胶凝胶法制备LiFe_1-xCo_xPO₄/C正极材料及其性能研究     

朱贵华  吴晓霞 《绵阳师范学院学报》2011,30(11):71-73,82

在无水溶胶凝胶法基础上,以Fe3+盐为铁源,添加聚乙二醇-400作为表面活性剂,制备了掺杂钴的LiFePO4/C正极材料(LiFe1-xCoxPO4/C,x=0,0.05,0.1)。并通过XRD、SEM、恒流充放电等方法研究了不同钴掺杂量对LiFePO4/C结构、形貌和电化学性能的影响。  相似文献   

我国现行反兴奋剂法律的刑事分析     

刘礼国  徐烨 《凯里学院学报》2011,29(4)

对我国反兴奋剂犯罪的刑法规范进行梳理,认为我国的《刑法》和单行刑法都没有设立兴奋剂罪,有关兴奋剂犯罪的附属刑法规范主要存在于《反兴奋剂条例》及其他相关法律之中。探讨其中存在的问题,为反兴奋剂犯罪的刑事立法提供参考。  相似文献   

建立独立的兴奋剂纠纷处理程序机制的思考     

黄世昌  宋彬龄 《武汉体育学院学报》2011,45(11)

兴奋剂违纪行为有着与一般违纪行为不同的特征,因此对兴奋剂纠纷的处理也应该与一般违纪案件的处理程序不同.在我国有必要建立独立的兴奋剂纠纷处理程序,即在整体体育仲裁程序之下设立一个专门处理兴奋剂案件的分支程序,并在此程序中增加一系列刑事程序保障措施,包括确定以公正优先的价值导向、适用刑事证据规则、刑法的基本原则、增加对被追诉人利益的保障措施等.  相似文献