高、低帮篮球鞋对落地时踝关节稳定及肌肉功能影响的研究     

侯建甫  魏春生  傅维杰  魏书涛  何俊良  刘宇 《体育科学》2011,31(5)

目的:探讨高、低帮篮球鞋对落地时踝关节内翻的运动学、地面反作用力及下肢主要肌群活动的影响,尝试理解高、低帮篮球鞋与踝关节落地稳定之间的关系;方法:13名受试者分别穿着高、低帮篮球鞋,手抓杠悬于空中,从40 cm高度分别垂直下落至内翻15°、内翻30°、内翻25°伴随跖屈10°(25°+10°)、内翻25°伴随跖屈20°(25°+20°)的倾斜面上,分析其踝关节运动学、地面反作用力及小腿主要外翻和背屈肌群(胫骨前肌、腓骨长肌和腓骨短肌)的肌电活动;结果:高、低帮鞋对内翻角度的变化、最大内翻角速度和地面垂直及水平冲击力没有显著影响;在15°倾斜面时,穿着高帮鞋出现预激活时间比低帮鞋晚(P<0.05),同时,在15°和25°+20°下腓骨长肌和腓骨短肌落地前50 ms的平均振幅更小(P<0.05);结论:选取的高帮鞋对踝关节的运动学和冲击力的改变不显著,但却在一定程度上影响了周围肌肉的预激活,对限制踝关节活动起到了积极的作用.  相似文献   

论大学生参加体育运动时踝关节损伤的原因及分析——以华东师范大学为调查个案     

陶志超  董卫亚 《和田师范专科学校学报》2008,28(3):177-178

科学全面的锻炼有助于身心的健康发展,大学生充满活力、渴望运动。因此体育课的课堂教学和课余体育活动不可避免的会造成踝关节运动损伤。针对这种情况,在对我校学生进行随机闯卷调查后,对调查结果进行整理、分析,发现我校很多同学在运动前都存在着准备活动不充分,运动中不注意自我保护的问题,导致在同学中越来越多的出现踝关节扭伤的情况。在了解这一情况后,笔者就踝关节损伤成因进行了探讨,并提出了相关的防范措施。  相似文献   

体育教学训练中下胫腓联合损伤的研究及防治     

刘彦林  张仲子  李宏伟 《吉林体育学院学报》2008,24(2):79-80

下胫腓联合是维持踝关节稳定的重要结构,其损伤是一种比较常见的运动损伤,容易造成踝关节慢性不稳定、长期疼痛和创伤性关节炎等后遗症。通过对其解剖结构、功能特点及损伤机制的探讨,总结诊治方法,提出预防措施,以减少运动损伤的发生,提高体育教学训练的质量。  相似文献   

Chronic ankle instability is associated with proprioception deficits: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Xiao'ao Xue  Tengjia Ma  Qianru Li  Yujie Song  Yinghui Hua 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(2):182

BackgroundAcute ankle injury causes damage to joint mechanoreceptors and deafferentation and contributes to proprioception deficits in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). We aimed to explore whether deficits of proprioception, including kinesthesia and joint position sense (JPS), exist in patients with CAI when compared with the uninjured contralateral side and healthy people. We hypothesized that proprioception deficits did exist in patients with CAI and that the deficits varied by test methodologies.MethodsThe study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. We identified studies that compared kinesthesia or JPS in patients with CAI with the uninjured contralateral side or with healthy controls. Meta-analyses were conducted for the studies with similar test procedures, and narrative syntheses were undertaken for the rest.ResultsA total of 7731 studies were identified, of which 30 were included for review. A total of 21 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Compared with the contralateral side, patients with CAI had ankle kinesthesia deficits in inversion and plantarflexion, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.41 and 0.92, respectively, and active and passive JPS deficits in inversion (SMD = 0.92 and 0.72, respectively). Compared with healthy people, patients with CAI had ankle kinesthesia deficits in inversion and eversion (SMD = 0.64 and 0.76, respectively), and active JPS deficits in inversion and eversion (SMD = 1.00 and 4.82, respectively). Proprioception deficits in the knee and shoulder of patients with CAI were not statistically significant.ConclusionProprioception, including both kinesthesia and JPS, of the injured ankle of patients with CAI was impaired, compared with the uninjured contralateral limbs and healthy people. Proprioception varied depending on different movement directions and test methodologies. The use of more detailed measurements of proprioception and interventions for restoring the deficits are recommended in the clinical management of CAI.  相似文献   

Isokinetic ankle eversion and inversion strength profiling of female ballet dancers     

Philip Nagy  Chris Brogden  Matt Greig 《Journal of sports sciences》2021,39(1):1-9

ABSTRACT

Ankle injuries are highly prevalent in ballet, with strength highlighted as a primary risk factor. To profile ankle strength, fourteen female ballet dancers (age: 19.29 ± 1.59 years) completed an isokinetic testing protocol comprising concentric eversion (CON_EV) and inversion (CON_INV), and, eccentric inversion (ECC_INV) trials at four angular velocities (30° · s^?1, 60° · s^?1, 90° · s^?1, 120° · s^?1) for both the dominant and non-dominant limb. In addition to Peak Torque (PT) and the corresponding Dynamic Control Ratios (DCRs), angle-specific derivatives of strength (AST) and Functional Range (FR) were calculated. There was no evidence of any significant bilateral strength asymmetry (p = 0.90) across all metrics, and no significant interactions with limb and contraction mode or velocity. A significant main effect for contraction mode (p = 0.001) highlighted greater ECC_INV strength – which was maintained with increasing isokinetic velocity – in contrast to reductions in CON_EV and CON_INV strength. Specifically, dancers are ECC_INV dominant at angular velocities greater than 60° · s^?1, which is likely to be characteristic of most functional tasks. The lack of bilateral asymmetry may be attributed to dance training interventions that facilitate bilateral development, but ipsilateral mode and velocity-specific asymmetries have implications for injury risk and the training needs of female ballet dancers.  相似文献   

The influence of wearing ski-boots with different rigidity characteristics on postural control     

Frédéric Noé  Xavier García-Massó  Pauline Delaygue  Audrey Melon  Thierry Paillard 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(2):157-167

Abstract

External supports that reduce ankle joint mobility such as ski-boots can impair postural control of healthy participants. Although this disruptive effect has been attributed to the rigidity of the external supports, the results remained controversial and no study has been conducted in order to evaluate the influence of ski-boots rigidity. Hence, the question about the influence of ankle support rigidity on postural control remains open. This study was therefore undertaken in order to investigate the effect of ski-boots rigidity on postural control. Ten healthy active participants were recruited. The wearing of soft and rigid ski-boots was compared to barefoot while standing on a seesaw generating mediolateral and anteroposterior instability. Centre of pressure displacements were sampled with a force platform. The surface electromyographic activity of the main muscles from the leg, thigh and trunk was recorded. A motion analysis system was also used to calculate the ankle, knee and hip angles. The results did not reveal any negative influence of ski-boot rigidity on postural control but rather suggest a less active postural control with the rigid ski-boots which offered a higher mechanical contribution.  相似文献   

Effects of arch-support orthoses on ground reaction forces and lower extremity kinematics related to running at various inclinations     

Wing-Kai Lam  Lok-Yee Pak  Charis King-Wai Wong  Mohammad Farhan Tan  Sang-Kyoon Park  Jiseon Ryu 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(14):1629-1634

ABSTRACT

While foot orthoses are commonly used in running, little is known regarding biomechanical risk potentials during uphill running. This study investigated the effects of arch-support orthoses on kinetic and kinematic variables when running at different inclinations. Sixteen male participants ran at different inclinations (0°, 3° and 6°) when wearing arch-support and flat orthoses on an instrumented treadmill. Arch-support orthoses induced longer contact time, larger initial ankle dorsiflexion, maximum ankle eversion, and knee sagittal range of motion (RoM) (p < 0.05). As incline slopes increased, vertical impact peak and loading rate, stride length, and ankle coronal RoM decreased, but contact time, stride frequency, initial ankle dorsiflexion and inversion, maximum dorsiflexion, initial knee flexion, and ankle sagittal RoM increased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, knee sagittal RoM was lowest when running at an inclination of 3°. The interaction effect indicated that in arch-support condition, participants running at 6° induced higher maximum ankle eversion than running at 0° (p < 0.05), while no differences were found in flat orthosis condition. These findings suggest that the use of arch-support orthoses would influence running biomechanics that is related to injury risks. Running at higher inclination led to more alterations to biomechanical variables than at lower inclination.  相似文献   

Shoe collar height effect on athletic performance,ankle joint kinematics and kinetics during unanticipated maximum-effort side-cutting performance     

Gilbert Wing Kai Lam  Eun Jung Park  Ki-Kwang Lee  Jason Tak-Man Cheung 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(16):1738-1749

Side-step cutting manoeuvres comprise the coordination between planting and non-planting legs. Increased shoe collar height is expected to influence ankle biomechanics of both legs and possibly respective cutting performance. This study examined the shoe collar height effect on kinematics and kinetics of planting and non-planting legs during an unanticipated side-step cutting. Fifteen university basketball players performed maximum-effort side-step cutting to the left 45° direction or a straight ahead run in response to a random light signal. Seven successful cutting trials were collected for each condition. Athletic performance, ground reaction force, ankle kinematics and kinetics of both legs were analysed using paired t-tests. Results indicated that high-collar shoes resulted in less ankle inversion and external rotation during initial contact for the planting leg. The high-collar shoes also exhibited a smaller ankle range of motion in the sagittal and transverse planes for both legs, respectively. However, no collar effect was found for ankle moments and performance indicators including cutting performance time, ground contact time, propulsion ground reaction forces and impulses. These findings indicated that high-collar shoes altered ankle positioning and restricted ankle joint freedom movements in both legs, while no negative effect was found for athletic cutting performance.  相似文献   

The association between the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and noncontact acute ankle sprains     

Xuya Shang  Zongyu Li  Xuecheng Cao  Chen Xie  Mingyong Gu  Pei Chen 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(17):1775-1779

Ankle sprains are one of the most severe musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries during physical activity. Although many risk factors have been offered, it is unclear why some individuals develop noncontact ankle sprains when participating in comparable levels of physical exertion under identical environmental conditions and others do not. The ACTN3 gene that encodes the α-actinin-3 protein, which is, only expressed in the Z line of fast glycolytic muscle fibres was found to associate with power/strength performance. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate whether the ACTN3 gene polymorphism is associated with noncontact acute ankle sprains. One hundred and forty-two participants with clinically diagnosed noncontact acute ankle sprains as well as 280 physically active controls participants without any history of ankle sprains were included in this case–control genetic association study. The RR genotype (odds ratio (OR) = 0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.32–0.65, P = 0.011) and R allele (OR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.37–0.68, P = 0.002) of the ACTN3 were significantly low-represented in the acute ankle sprains group compared with the control group. The ACTN3 R577X is associated with acute ankle sprains in Chinese participants in this study. This is the first study to suggest that an individual with a RR genotype is at a decreased risk of acute ankle sprains.  相似文献   

踝关节不稳的肌力康复训练研究     

余慧  余翠 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(6):168-170

踝关节作为人体的承重关节,在日常生活中会经常性的发生扭伤,大部分患者可以自愈,但是也有部分患者因损伤严重,没有及时治疗,导致踝关节的稳定性降低,并出现习惯性踝扭伤,继而造成踝关节的不稳。本文通过分析踝关节不稳的损伤机制,总结了功能性踝关节不稳的肌力康复训练研究。  相似文献