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1.
G. M. Sankolli M. I. Khatkhatay M. P. Desai D. K. Pardhe P. C. Ishrad U. M. Joshi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(1):71-74
Aprototype kit for the detection of occurrence of ovulation based on urinary pregnanediol glucuronide estimations by ELISA
was developed in our laboratory. This kit was sent for evaluation at 4 centres in Bombay and Pune, India. The diagnosis of
ovulation/anovulation based on the results of the kit is comparable with that based on reference parameters commonly used
(ultrasonography of ovarian follicles and serum progesterone estimations). The accuracy of the test was 93.5%, specificity
was 87.5% and sensitivity was 95.7%. This rapid indigenous test can be very useful in assessing ovulatory status of the woman
by the clinicians in their offices. 相似文献
2.
The Urban Review - While approximately one in three youths are identified by juvenile probation officers as needing mental health services, researchers estimate that between 67 and 90% of detained... 相似文献
3.
Ashok V. Desai 《Research Policy》1980,9(1):74-96
This paper surveys the trends in industrial R&D in India over the last two decades. It shows that there has been a rapid rise in R&D expenditure and a shift in its composition towards in-house corporate R&D and away from R&D in government laboratories, which is explained by the laboratories' lack of market orientation and manufacturing experience. According to cross-section studies of corporate R&D, larger companies aim towards larger technological advances and take a longer view; but the overall composition of corporate R&D shows no discernible change. This apparent inconsistency is explained by the development of the technology market. Much R&D was triggered off by the need for import replacement arising from import controls till 1965 and later by the need for product diversification in the recession. But construction of new plants and mechanization for speeding up operations, activities where sustained R&D can yield large firms a steady flow of innovations, were unimportant or infrequent, and the demand for technology they gave rise to was largely met by imports. 相似文献
4.
Scientific breakthroughs coming from universities can contribute to the emergence of new industries, such as in the case of biotechnology. Obviously, not all research conducted in universities leads to a radical change from existing technological trajectories. Patents and patent dynamics have long been recognized as critical in understanding the emergence of new technologies and industries. Specifically, patent citations provide insight into the originality of a discovery that has received patent protection. Yet while a large body of literature addresses the impact of patent originality on various firm performance measures, we address the question of what conditions drive patent originality in the process of knowledge creation within the university. Using data on patented cancer research, we examine how research context – as reflected by the funding source for each scientist – is associated with patent originality. We find that when university scientists are partly funded by their own university, they have a higher propensity to generate more original patents. By contrast, university scientists funded either by industry or other non-university organizations have a lower propensity to generate more original patents. The significance of our findings in the cancer research setting call for further research on this question in other research fields. 相似文献
5.
Meena Desai U. M. Donde M. Ikram Khatkhatay 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):127-131
Baseline data available on the excretory profiles of estrone giucuronide (E1G), pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) and luteinising hormone (LH) on human menstrual cycles (n=104) was retrospectively analysed
for identifying the limits of fertile period (FP) to be used as natural method of family planning. The limits of fertile period
are suggested based on centile distribution of E1G and PdG levels during defined phase of menstrual cycle. Two approaches, which do not involve any mathematical calculation
are suggested. In approach A, fertile period is said to have started when E1G value of 35 ng/ml is reached and is said to have ended when the PdG value of 2 μg/ml on two consecutive days is obtained.
The criteria were applied to 30 test cycles in whom authentic fertile period was identified based on excretory profiles of
E1G, PdG and LH throughout the menstrual cycles. When approach A was followed the authentic fertile period was covered in 27
cycles giving an accuracy of 90% with a mean fertile period length of 9.11+1.9 days. In approach B, the cut off limit of E1G value was increased to 55 ng/ml in order to reduce the days of abstinence. Though the length of the fertile period was reduced
to 7.2+1.5 days the accuracy of the approach was 66.6%. Thus the approach A which has accuracy of 90% may appeal to determined
couples who wish to practice family planning by periodic abstinence or restrict the use of barrier methods. 相似文献
6.
Gora Dadheech Praveen Sharma Shiv Gautam 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(3):278-283
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed in various metabolic reactions cause unlimited damage by attacking and oxidizing the macromolecules. An arsenal of antioxidant substances neutralizes these ROS at various sites of their metabolic cascade, and if disequilibrium exists between the pro and antioxidant system, oxidative stress persists. The present study was undertaken in schizophrenia, to highlight the response and role of some endogenous antioxidants viz. reduced glutathione (GSH), bilirubin, total proteins, albumin and uric acid in scavenging the ROS. The effect of severity of disease, age factor, and substance abuse was also studied. In all, 50 schizophrenics and 50 age and sex-matched controls were enrolled in the present study. Fasting blood samples were drawn for estimating malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH, bilirubin, total proteins, albumin and uric acid in both the groups. The results were statistically analyzed by Z-test and correlated using correlation coefficient (r). The study shows reduction in MDA levels and decline in the level of endogenous antioxidants, but within the normal range. Chronic schizophrenics were at a higher risk of oxidative stress and age and substance abuse seems to worsen the situation. 相似文献
7.
Yasmin B. Kafai Shiv Desai Kylie A. Peppler Grace M. Chiu Jesse Moya 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(2):191-205
Mentoring programmes have gained increasing popularity in institutions of higher education to support undergraduates in community service or outreach efforts. Many of these programmes partner mentors with inner‐city youth, providing assistance in underserved communities while mentors gain experiences that connect theory and practice. Here we report on two years of fieldwork in a Community Technology Centre that created mentoring partnerships in which 36 liberal arts undergraduates engaged with local youth to design, create, and build technology projects involving graphics, video, music, and animation. We analysed over 200 field notes, which described their mentoring interactions over eight weeks and conducted exit interviews about their mentoring experiences. Our results indicate that mentors participated not just as more knowledgeable peers but also as facilitators, advisors, observers and, most importantly, as learners in this process. In the interviews, nearly all mentors reviewed assumptions about their own learning and mentoring, in addition to reflections about social issues. We discuss the importance of these findings for conceptualising mentoring as a partnership by creating more equitable interactions in service learning initiatives. We also address the role of constructionist activities in facilitating learning opportunities for both mentors and mentees. 相似文献
8.
Gora Dadheech Sandhya Mishra Shiv Gautam Praveen Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):34-38
A disturbance in the antioxidant defense system including α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and reduced glutahtione metabolism due
to free radical induced oxidative injury has been implicated in various neuro-psychiatric disorders. The roles of these antioxidants,
changes in their blood levels and correlation with oxidative stress were studied in a common psychiatric illness Schizophrenia.
Fifty-eight subjects of either sex ranging in age from 18–60 years divided into two age groups (≤40 and >40 years) diagnosed
for schizophrenia, and forty age and sex-matched normal subjects as controls were included in the study. Blood samples were
analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), α-tocopherol, total ascorbic acid (TAA), dehydro ascorbic acid (DHAA), reduced ascorbic
acid (RAA), leucocyte ascorbic acid (LAA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). A decrease in the levels of α-tocopherol, total ascorbic
acid and reduced glutathione was found in schizophrenics compared to normal controls. Further a significant rise in oxidative
stress and decreased antioxidant status was observed in the chronic stage of schizophrenia as compared to those in acute condition.
A significant rise in dehydroascorbic acid with concomitant fall in reduced ascorbic acid suggests scavenging action of ascorbic
acid and its utilization with increased oxidative stress as indicated by high blood malondialdehyde levels. Leucocyte ascorbic
acid, a better index of ascorbic acid status was also found to be reduced in schizophrenics, suggesting depletion of body
stores of ascorbic acid and the condition worsened with advancing age. 相似文献
9.
Liu Ai-jun Furusato Bungo Ravindranath Lakshmi Chen Yong-mei Srikantan Vasanta Mcleod David G. Petrovics Gyorgy Srivastava Shiv 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(12):853-859
Objective To investigate molecular alterations associating with prostate carcinoma progression and potentially provide information toward
more accurate prognosis/diagnosis.
Methods A set of laser captured microdissected (LCM) specimens from 300 prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy
(RP) were defined. Ten patients representing “aggressive” PCa, and 10 representing “non-aggressive” PCa were selected based
on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence, Gleason score, pathological stage and tumor cell differentiation, with matched
patient age and race between the two groups. Normal and neoplastic prostate epithelial cells were collected with LCM from
frozen tissue slides obtained from the RP specimens. The expressions of a panel of genes, including NPY, PTEN, AR, AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1, were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan), and correlation was analyzed with clinicopathological features.
Results The expressions of AMACR and DD3 were consistently up-regulated in cancer cells compared to benign prostate epithelial cells in all PCa patients, whereas
GSTP1 expression was down regulated in each patient. NPY, PTEN and AR exhibited a striking difference in their expression patterns between aggressive and non-aggressive PCas (P=0.0203, 0.0284, and 0.0378, respectively, Wilcoxon rank sum test). The lower expression of NPY showed association with “aggressive” PCas based on a larger PCa patient cohort analysis (P=0.0037, univariate generalized linear model (GLM) analysis).
Conclusion Despite widely noted heterogeneous nature of PCa, gene expression alterations of AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1 in LCM-derived PCa epithelial cells suggest for common underlying mechanisms in the initiation of PCa. Lower NPY expression level is significantly associated with more aggressive clinical behavior of PCa; PTEN and AR may have potential in defining PCa with aggressive clinical behavior. Studies along these lines have potential to define
PCa-associated gene expression alterations and likely co-regulation of genes/pathways critical in the biology of PCa onset/progression.
Project supported by the Center for Prostate Disease Research, and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of
Military Medicine, Rockville, MD, USA 相似文献
10.
Zubeida Desai 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2001,47(3-4):323-339
In this paper it is argued that language policy can play a central role in enabling citizens of a country to participate in the political, educational, social and economic life of that country. Or it can deny them that right. In discussions on the role of African languages, there is a tendency to confine the discussion to language in education. I argue that unless we locate the discussion in a broader context, we are not going to make much progress in extending the use of African languages beyond the home domain. The paper therefore consists of three sections. The first section looks broadly at the domains where language has an impact. The second section briefly outlines a process underway in South Africa to develop a framework for a national language policy, whilst the final section looks at the implications of this for education. Here I look at language in Education Policy in Practice. I give examples from a piece of primary research that I have conducted with Xhosa -speaking Grade 4 and Grade 7 learners who have been given pictures to describe first in Xhosa and then in English. The examples show the rich vocabulary children have when they express themselves in Xhosa and the poor vocabulary they have when they express themselves in English. 相似文献