罗格列酮和有氧运动对糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱的干预作用     

胡红梅 《沈阳体育学院学报》2004,23(6):747-749

为探讨罗格列酮和运动对糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱的干预作用,选用3～4周龄NOD小鼠作为实验材料,分别施加罗格列酮和中等强度有氧耐力运动。通过观察小鼠外在表现、体重和腹部脂肪变化以及胰腺病理切片,检测血清胰岛素水平、血液生化指标,显示罗格列酮和有氧运动对糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱具有良性干预作用。  相似文献   

对普通高校短跑训练侧重点的探讨     

柏卫东 《安徽体育科技》2001,22(4):120-122

通过分析世界优秀短跑运动员的百米成绩 ,论述了在短跑训练中应以发展运动员的最高速度作为重点进行突破 ,并从生理学、生物化学及生物力学的角度对其进行了细致地分析 ,对快速提高短跑成绩提出了行之有效的训练方法  相似文献   

Comment on Dissociation between running economy and running performance in elite Kenyan distance runners     

Jordan Santos-Concejero  Ross Tucker 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(1):96-98

Mooses and colleagues suggest that running economy alone does not explain superior distance running performance in elite Kenyan runners. Whilst we agree with the multi-factorial hypothesis for Kenyan running success, we do not believe that running economy can be overlooked to the extent that it was based on this particular study. Based on the methods used and the range of athletes tested, in this response letter we question whether this study provides any basis for downplaying the influence of running economy or suggesting that other factors compensate for it to enable superior performance.  相似文献   

Effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise on body composition,glycaemic and lipid profile and aerobic capacity of obese rats     

Irene Coll-Risco  Virginia A. Aparicio  Elena Nebot  Daniel Camiletti-Moirón  Rosario Martínez  Garyfallia Kapravelou 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(15):1452-1460

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session on body composition, and glycaemic and lipid profile in obese rats. Sixteen lean Zucker rats and sixteen obese Zucker rats were randomly divided into exercise and sedentary subgroups (4 groups, n = 8). Exercise consisted of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session. The animals trained 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Body composition, lipid and glycaemic profiles and inflammatory markers were assessed.

Results showed that fat mass was reduced in both lean and obese rats following the exercise training (effect size (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 1.8 (0.5–3.0)). Plasma low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol and fasting glucose were lower in the exercise compared to the sedentary groups (d = 2.0 (0.7–3.2) and 1.8 (0.5–3.0), respectively). Plasma insulin was reduced in exercise compared to sedentary groups (d = 2.1 (0.8–3.4)). Some exercise × phenotype interactions showed that the highest decreases in insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, fasting and postprandial glucose were observed in the obese + exercise group (all, P < 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise would improve body composition, and lipid and glycaemic profiles, especially in obese rats.  相似文献   

抗阻力训练的减肥效果     

梁成军 《湖北体育科技》2014,(7):603-606

运用文献检索查阅与分析的方法,从抗阻力训练对人体能量消耗、静息代谢率、以及抗阻力训练与其他干预手段相结合等方面,分析阐述了抗阻力训练对人体减肥效果的影响,旨在阐明目前国外对该问题的研究现状与动态。结果:多数研究认为抗阻力训练可以提高去脂体重,增加静息代谢率,具有较好的减肥效果。也有研究认为抗阻力训练不具有减肥效果。尽管单纯抗阻力训练的减肥效果目前还没有形成统一认识,但抗阻力训练与其他手段相结合则是有效的减肥手段。  相似文献   

低氧训练过程中大鼠体重及能量代谢的变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄徐根  冯连世  徐建方  路瑛丽 《体育科学》2007,27(10):61-68,96

目的：研究低氧训练过程中大鼠体重、体成分、能量摄入及静息代谢率的变化，初步探讨低氧训练过程中大鼠体重变化与能量代谢变化间关系。方法：经过适应性训练筛选出的50只SD大鼠平均分为5组，保证每组大鼠体重基本一致，随机分为常氧安静组、常氧限食组、常氧训练组、低氧安静组、低氧训练组。训练组大鼠采用水平动物跑台进行耐力训练6周。试验期间每周称量大鼠体重，每3天称量一次大鼠食物摄入量。试验前、试验1周、3周、5周末测定大鼠静息代谢率，试验后处死大鼠并剥离其肾周、腹股沟脂肪及腓肠肌，称量其重量。结果：低氧训练组大鼠体重增幅除在第6周末与常氧训练组无显著性差异外，均显著性低于其他试验组，试验前3周其体重出现负增长。试验后低氧训练组大鼠肾周及腹股沟脂肪总含量显著低于其他试验组，而腓肠肌重量与其他组无显著性差异。低氧训练组大鼠试验期间总食物摄入量较其他各组大鼠低，尤其在前3周。低氧训练组大鼠静息代谢率先上升而后逐渐下降，至试验3周末时仍高于试验前值，试验5周末时降至低于试验前值（差异不显著），而除低氧安静组外的其他组大鼠静息代谢率则持续下降，至试验5周末时均显著性低于试验前水平。结论：从减缓体重增加幅度及对体成分的影响角度看，低氧训练减体重的效果优于限制饮食、耐力训练及低氧暴露。低氧训练过程中食物摄入量减少及静息代谢率增加可能是大鼠体重增长减缓的原因。  相似文献   

Evaluation of urinary abnormalities in urolithiasis patients: A study from North India     

R. Kumar  R. Kapoor  B. Mittal  A. Kumar  R. D. Mittal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):209-215

Metabolic abnormalities were investigated in 44 stone patients with first time (group 1) and 56 with 2 times stone formation (group 2), and in 25 normal individuals. 24hr urine was analysed spectrophotometrically for oxalate, calcium, magnesium, citrate, uric acid, phosphate and creatinine. Hypocitraturia and hyperoxaluria were the common abnormalities in the stone formers. Stone patients had significantly higher urinary oxalate, calcium and uric acid and lower phosphate than normal individuals. Citrate/calcium and magnesium/calcium ratio were significantly high in normal individuals than stone formers. Patients in group 2 excreted significantly higher urinary calcium and lower citrate that patients in group 1. Citrate/calcium ratio was higher in group 1 than group 2. Hypocitraturia, hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria and increased citrate/calcium and magnesium/calcium ratio seem to be an essential risk factor for stone formation. Patients with recurrent stone formation could be distinguished from patients with first time stone formation on the basis of urinary calcium and citrate.  相似文献   

烟草源茄尼醇的生物分离制备及转化应用进展     

金凌  柳华贵  钟卫鸿 《科技通报》2007,23(4):492-497,507

茄尼醇是存在于茄科植物中的一种萜类物质，尤以烟草中的含量最高，是重要的药物中间体。本文综述了茄尼醇的分布和工业化生产现状，烟草来源茄尼醇的生物分离制备技术，烟草细胞培养生产茄尼醇及其代谢途径和茄尼醇下游产品的转化应用研究进展。  相似文献   

不同安静代谢率男子在力竭运动中能量代谢特征的实验研究     

易东平  彭莉  吴景程  曹泽亮 《中国体育科技》2011,47(3)

目的:研究不同安静代谢率的男子在力竭运动中能量代谢和底物代谢的特征及差异.方法:以聚类法将16名受试者分成安静代谢率高、低两组,利用功率自行车进行递增负荷力竭运动,采用气体收集法测定能量代谢结果.结果:1)高、低两组受试者随着负荷的递增,糖消耗量、供能及供能百分比逐渐增大,脂肪消耗量及供能逐渐减少;脂肪消耗量在100W(33%～50%力竭负荷)时最大,分别为7.6 mg/min/kg、6.4 mg/min/kg(P<0.05).2)在中小负荷强度时,高组受试者糖消耗量及供能低于低组,而脂肪消耗量及供能则相反,糖、脂肪消耗量及供能百分比差异显著(P<0.05).3)同级负荷时高组总能量输出低于低组,随着运动负荷递增,脂肪供能下降水平及下降时机有明显差异.结论:在递增负荷至力竭运动中,高、低两组受试者能量代谢特征及变化与运动负荷的递增、身体对能量输出需求一致;高组受试者有氧运动能力相对较强;而低组受试者对糖供能的依赖性较大;高组受试者氧化脂肪的能力更强,能量利用更为经济、有效.  相似文献   

BMI和心肺适能对全代谢综合征男性最大脂代谢水平的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高峰  崔文丽  焦广发  金凤霞  张静 《中国体育科技》2011,47(3)

目的:探究BMI和心肺适能对全代谢综合征男性最大脂代谢水平的影响.方法:采用CDS代谢综合征诊断标准募集24名全代谢综合征(tMS)男性.血清指标检测采用酶法和放免法.直接测定最大耗氧量和最大有氧功.间接测热法和非连续递增负荷法检测最大脂代谢水平.分别依据BMI、最大耗氧量的平均值将被试分为高,低BMI组,高、低心肺适能组.结果:tMS男性整体最大脂氧化率(MFOR)为151.58±20.64 mg/min,最大脂氧化强度(Fatmax)为28.48±5.98%VO2max,Fatmax相应RER为0.94±0.01;供能交叉点为33.42±6.96%VO2max,心肺适能水平为18.25±2.68 ml/kg/mim;高、低BMI组间心肺适能、MFOR、Fatmax和交叉点均无显著性差异;高、低心肺适能组间MFOR具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),但BMI、Fatmax和交叉点强度均无显著性差异;tMS男性BMI与MFOR相关不具显著性,心肺适能与MFOR具显著性正相关(r=0.75,P<0.01).结论:全代谢综合征男性最大脂氧化强度处于低有氧强度范围,tMS男性最大脂氧化率受心肺适能水平影响,而BMI对其无显著影响.  相似文献