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1.
Silvia Fantozzi Andrea Giovanardi Fabrício Anício Magalhães Rocco Di Michele Matteo Cortesi Giorgio Gatta 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(11):1073-1080
The analysis of the joint kinematics during swimming plays a fundamental role both in sports conditioning and in clinical contexts. Contrary to the traditional video analysis, wearable inertial-magnetic measurements units (IMMUs) allow to analyse both the underwater and aerial phases of the swimming stroke over the whole length of the swimming pool. Furthermore, the rapid calibration and short data processing required by IMMUs provide coaches and athletes with an immediate feedback on swimming kinematics during training. This study aimed to develop a protocol to assess the three-dimensional kinematics of the upper limbs during swimming using IMMUs. Kinematics were evaluated during simulated dry-land swimming trials performed in the laboratory by eight swimmers. A stereo-photogrammetric system was used as the gold standard. The results showed high coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) values, with median (first–third quartile) of 0.97 (0.93–0.95) and 0.99 (0.97–0.99) for simulated front-crawl and breaststroke, respectively. Furthermore, the joint angles were estimated with an accuracy increasing from distal to proximal joints, with wrist indices showing median CMC values always higher than 0.90. The present findings represent an important step towards the practical use of technology based on IMMUs for the kinematic analysis of swimming in applied contexts. 相似文献
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文章通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,对山西省游泳教员培训工作的现状进行调研,指出值得肯定和需要改进的地方,并提出相关的对策和建议,以为山西省游泳教员工作的更好开展提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Robert Mooney Gavin Corley Alan Godfrey Conor Osborough John Newell 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(11):997-1005
In elite swimming, a broad range of methods are used to assess performance, inform coaching practices and monitor athletic progression. The aim of this paper was to examine the performance analysis practices of swimming coaches and to explore the reasons behind the decisions that coaches take when analysing performance. Survey data were analysed from 298 Level 3 competitive swimming coaches (245 male, 53 female) based in the United States. Results were compiled to provide a generalised picture of practices and perceptions and to examine key emerging themes. It was found that a disparity exists between the importance swim coaches place on biomechanical analysis of swimming performance and the types of analyses that are actually conducted. Video-based methods are most frequently employed, with over 70% of coaches using these methods at least monthly, with analyses being mainly qualitative in nature rather than quantitative. Barriers to the more widespread use of quantitative biomechanical analysis in elite swimming environments were explored. Constraints include time, cost and availability of resources, but other factors such as sources of information on swimming performance and analysis and control over service provision are also discussed, with particular emphasis on video-based methods and emerging sensor-based technologies. 相似文献
4.
通过在乒乓球球拍的拍把上加装加速度传感器,并开发相应的击球力量训练数据实时采集系统,实时采集乒乓球运动员训练时挥拍的加速度数据,通过运动学和动力学分析,得出乒乓球运动员挥拍的速度、位移和力量等实时动态参数,并以曲线的形式实时、直观地显示给教练员和运动员,为教练员了解乒乓球运动员挥拍的力量等数据提供科学手段,为制订有针对性的技战术和体能训练计划提供科学依据。此外,采集的训练数据实时存储在后台数据库中,便于对运动员的击球力量等数据进行长期、科学的跟踪,以提高运动训练监控的针对性和科学化水平,提高乒乓球运动员的运动水平和比赛成绩 相似文献
5.
Temporal pattern analysis and its applicability in sport: an explanation and exemplar data 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Quantitative analysis of sports performance has been shown to produce information that coaches can use within the coaching process to enhance performance. Traditional methods for quantifying sport performances are limited in their capacity to describe the complex interactions of events that occur within a performance over time. In this paper, we outline a new approach to the analysis of time-based event records and real-time behaviour records on sport performance known as T-pattern detection. The relevant elements of the T-pattern detection process are explained and exemplar data from the analysis of 13 soccer matches are presented to highlight the potential of this form of analysis. The results from soccer suggest that it is possible to identify new profiles for both individuals and teams based on the analysis of temporal behavioural patterns detected within the performances. 相似文献
6.
Andrew Borrie Gudberg K. Jonsson Magnus S. Magnusson 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(10):845-846
Quantitative analysis of sports performance has been shown to produce information that coaches can use within the coaching process to enhance performance. Traditional methods for quantifying sport performances are limited in their capacity to describe the complex interactions of events that occur within a performance over time. In this paper, we outline a new approach to the analysis of time-based event records and real-time behaviour records on sport performance known as T-pattern detection. The relevant elements of the T-pattern detection process are explained and exemplar data from the analysis of 13 soccer matches are presented to highlight the potential of this form of analysis. The results from soccer suggest that it is possible to identify new profiles for both individuals and teams based on the analysis of temporal behavioural patterns detected within the performances. 相似文献
7.
Fabricio Anicio de Magalhaes Giorgio Gatta Silvia Fantozzi 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(7):732-745
The use of contemporary technology is widely recognised as a key tool for enhancing competitive performance in swimming. Video analysis is traditionally used by coaches to acquire reliable biomechanical data about swimming performance; however, this approach requires a huge computational effort, thus introducing a delay in providing quantitative information. Inertial and magnetic sensors, including accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers, have been recently introduced to assess the biomechanics of swimming performance. Research in this field has attracted a great deal of interest in the last decade due to the gradual improvement of the performance of sensors and the decreasing cost of miniaturised wearable devices. With the aim of describing the state of the art of current developments in this area, a systematic review of the existing methods was performed using the following databases: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, IEEE Xplore, Google Scholar, Scopus and Science Direct. Twenty-seven articles published in indexed journals and conference proceedings, focusing on the biomechanical analysis of swimming by means of inertial sensors were reviewed. The articles were categorised according to sensor’s specification, anatomical sites where the sensors were attached, experimental design and applications for the analysis of swimming performance. Results indicate that inertial sensors are reliable tools for swimming biomechanical analyses. 相似文献
8.
少儿花样游泳业余训练是推动花样游泳项目整体发展的基础。本文通过查阅文献资料、问卷调查和实地走访等方法,从教练员、队伍分布、满意度和训练情况、基础场地器材情况等方面对湖南省少儿花样游泳业余训练现状进行研究分析。研究得出:存在项目布局不完善,区域发展不平衡、教练员队伍整体素质有待提升、运动员队伍需适当扩大等方面问题和不足。并提出了应当学习先进经验,不断完善相关政策、不断加强教练员队伍建设,设计制定合理业余训练竞赛体系、及时宣传报道等相关对策。 相似文献
9.
通过阅读游泳运动学科的有关文献资料,调研走访本学科领域资深教练和理论研究人员,观察近年来奥运会、世锦赛、长池和短池游泳世界杯分站赛及总决赛等世界级游泳大赛资料,结合训练比赛中的实践体会,就游泳训练比赛中打腿技术在游泳竞技中的作用和定位进行总结分析。 相似文献
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对赛前少年游泳运动员机能状态的追踪研究，发现心电图ⅡT／R值随训练负荷的增加和累积而下降，随训练负荷减少、调整而上升。赛前心电图分析，有利于教练员根据实际情况，整体安排训练和调整计划。对每个运动员心电图分析有利于对训练期内出现运动疲劳的运动员重新制定个体训练计划。ⅡT／R指标不仅灵敏而且较及时地反映机能状态，可作为赛前调整的参考依据。 相似文献
13.
运用文献资料、访谈、问卷调查、数理统计等多种科研方法,对辽宁省竞技游泳发展状况进行了定性与定量分析,掌握了辽宁省竞技游泳发展的主要影响因素,找出了辽宁省竞技游泳发展中存在的问题。研究结果表明:辽宁省竞技游泳发展主要因素是前提条件因子和竞训影响因子。其发展实践中存在的问题为以下几方面:选材工作缺乏科学性;对《年龄组游泳教学训练大纲》执行不利;缺乏一批有较高专业技能、实践经验丰富的教练员;基层训练工作缺乏应有的效果检查、评估机制及对教练员的奖惩机制;人才培养过程的科学化程度较低等。 相似文献
14.
近年蝶泳正朝着加快频率、减少阻力的技术方向发展,特别是以潘克拉托夫为代表的出发、转身后采用海豚式打腿的技术,打破了保持长达八年的男子100米蝶泳纪录,证明这一技术的成熟与合理。本文以一些优秀蝶泳运动员的技术特点为研究对象,用比较、分析的方法,探求近年蝶泳技术的发展特点,供广大教动员参考。 相似文献
15.
Róisín M. Howard Richard Conway Andrew J. Harrison 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(1):1-17
The use of electromyography (EMG) is widely recognised as a valuable tool for enhancing the understanding of performance drivers and potential injury risk in sprinting. The timings of muscle activations relative to running gait cycle phases and the technology used to obtain muscle activation data during sprinting are of particular interest to scientists and coaches. This review examined the main muscles being analysed by surface EMG (sEMG), their activations and timing, and the technologies used to gather sEMG during sprinting. Electronic databases were searched using ‘Electromyography’ OR ‘EMG’ AND ‘running’ OR ‘sprinting’. Based on inclusion criteria, 18 articles were selected for review. While sEMG is widely used in biomechanics, relatively few studies have used sEMG in sprinting due to system constraints. The results demonstrated a focus on the leg muscles, with over 70% of the muscles analysed in the upper leg. This is consistent with the use of tethered and data logging EMG systems and many sprints being performed on treadmills. Through the recent advances in wireless EMG technology, an increase in the studies on high velocity movements such as sprinting is expected and this should allow practitioners to perform the analysis in an ecologically valid environment. 相似文献
16.
游泳竞赛规则演变与游泳运动发展之关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
马吉光 《上海体育学院学报》2012,36(3):87-90
阐释游泳竞赛规则演变与游泳运动发展的互动关系。认为:游泳竞赛规则的演变促进了游泳技术的完善、公平竞赛环境的形成、游泳训练方法的革新;游泳竞赛规则与游泳运动相互作用、相互促进、共同发展。提出:游泳教练员、运动员应充分理解、利用规则,在比赛中掌握制胜规律,促进游泳运动健康发展。 相似文献
17.
E. van der Kruk O. den Braver A. L. Schwab F. C. T. van der Helm H. E. J. Veeger 《Sports Engineering》2016,19(4):273-281
In the current project, we aim to provide speed skaters with real-time feedback on how to improve their skating performance within an individual stroke. The elite skaters and their coaches wish for a system that determines the mechanical power per stroke. The push-off force of the skater is a crucial variable in this power determination. In this study, we present the construction and calibration of a pair of wireless instrumented klapskates that can continuously and synchronously measure this push-off force in both the lateral direction and normal direction of the skate and the centre of pressure of these forces. The skate consists of a newly designed rigid bridge (0.6 kg), embedding two three-dimensional force sensors (Kistler 9602, Kistler Group, Winterthur, Switzerland), which fits between most individual skate shoes and Maple skate blades. The instrumented klapskates were calibrated on a tensile testing machine, where they proved to be unaffected to temperature conditions and accurate up to an RMS of 42 N (SEM = 1 N) in normal and up to an RMS of 27 N (SEM = 1 N) in lateral direction. Furthermore, the centre of pressure of these forces on the blade was determined up to a mean error of 10.1 mm (SD = 6.9 mm). On-ice measurements showed the possibility of recording with both skates simultaneously and synchronously, straights as well as curves. The option to send data wirelessly and real-time to other devices makes it possible to eventually provide skaters and coaches with visual real-time feedback during practice. 相似文献
18.
Kinematic differences between front crawl sprint and distance swimmers at a distance pace 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The purpose of the study was to determine whether there are differences in kinematics between sprint and distance front crawl specialists when swimming at a distance pace using a six beat kick. Seven sprint and eight distance male specialists performed one maximum 400 m swim through a 6.75 m3 calibrated space recorded by six gen-locked cameras. The following variables were calculated: average swim velocity, stroke length, stroke frequency, upper limb and foot displacement, elbow angle, the shoulder and hip roll angle, duration of the stroke phases and time corresponding to particular events within the stroke cycle relative to hand entry. Differences between the groups were assessed by an independent t-test and effect size (d) calculations for each variable. The groups only differed significantly with respect to the average swim velocity, with the distance swimmers maintaining a greater velocity throughout the 400 m. However, effect sizes were moderate for elbow angle range during the pull phase (d = 0.78) and the total hip roll magnitude (d = 0.76). There was little evidence to suggest that sprint and distance swimmers using a six beat kick pattern differ in technique when swimming at a distance pace and therefore coaches should not encourage the development of different techniques between these groups. 相似文献
19.
近年蝶泳正朝着加快频率、减少阻力的技术方向发展,特别是以潘克拉托夫为代表的出发、转身后采用海豚式打腿的技术,打破了保持长达八年的男子100米蝶泳纪录,证明这一技术的成熟与合理。本文以一些优秀蝶泳运动员的技术特点为研究对象,用比较、分析的方法,探求近年蝶泳技术的发展特点,供广大教动员参考。 相似文献
20.
游泳是提高青少年身体素质的一种训练方法,通过一定的训练时间及相应的训练强度,对提高身体素质有很大的帮助。在提高身体素质的同时,也可以促进游泳成绩的提高。所以,为了进一步加强运动员的训练水平,教练员需要了解他们的身体特点、心理特点,才能制定出科学的训练方法。本文归纳游泳训练特点,总结青少年游泳训练的方法,从而为提高运动员的成绩提供相应参考。 相似文献