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1.
用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法选取6-31G(d)基组,对半乳糖醛酸单体和二聚体以及它们与原硅酸分子形成的复合物进行了量子化学计算研究。结合能采用基组重叠误差法计算,从键长、键角、自然键轨道(NBO)、电荷转移等方面对计算结果进行了分析。结果表明:与半乳糖醛酸单体相比,半乳糖醛酸二聚体与原硅酸分子间的作用力较强,絮凝效果明显。  相似文献   

2.
采用从头算法(ab initio)和密度泛函理论(DFT B3LYP)方法,对8-羟基喹啉锌(Znq2)及其3种衍生物的基态结构进行优化,同时用ab initio HF单激发组态相互作用(CIS)法在6-31G(d)基组上优化其最低激发单重态几何结构,用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT/B3LYP)及6-31G(d)基组计算吸收和发射光谱。计算表明,该类物质电子在基态与激发态间的跃迁,主要是在配体8-羟基喹啉(q)环内的电荷转移,电子从含O的苯酚环转移至含N的吡啶环上。该类化合物的电子亲和能较大,都是优良的电子传输材料,改变取代基及中心金属原子均可以达到调控发光材料的光谱波段的目的。  相似文献   

3.
在B3LYP/6-311 G**[I-离子使用赝势基组(4s4pld)/(2s2pld)]水平下得到X-.H2O(X=F,Cl,Br,I)复合物优化构型。经MP2校正电子相关能及基组叠加误差(BSSE)在相同基组下单点校正,求得精确的单体间相互作用能的大小。由自然键轨道(NBO)分析揭示了相互作用的本质,阐述了相互作用的强度以及它对复合物构型和振动参数的影响。经分析得到电荷由X-离子的孤对电子迁移(CT)到σ*OH(…X)反键上,σ*OH(…X)的自然布居数增加,削弱了σOH(…X)键使σOH(…X)键增长,力常数变小,导致红移(与单体H2O相比),与实验值非常吻合,且它们之间具有很好的相关性,同时,红移强度加强。  相似文献   

4.
金属原子簇化合物是目前化学学科中一个比较活跃的研究领域,其应用前景也十分广阔.有关甲川九羰基三钴[-CC_03(CO)_9]类化合物的反应活性及应用已有报道,本文探讨了标题化合物与几种芳烃进行Friedel—Crafts反应的活性,并初步讨论了芳烃结构对该反应活性的影响.  相似文献   

5.
电子传输材料3-苯基-6-芳基-1,2,4-三唑并[3,4-b]-1,3,4-噻二唑(PATT)采用DFT/B3LYP方法,在6-31G基组水平上对PATT进行全优化,以基态优化得到的稳定构型为基础,用半经验方法AM1、CNDO、MNDO、PM3计算得到HOMO、LUMO,与实验值比较发现,采用半经验方法AM1结果最好。  相似文献   

6.
用B3LYP理论研究了大气中F与硝酰氯(ClNO2)及顺/反亚硝酸氯(ClONO)分子反应的机理.在6-311++G**的基组水平上,优化得到了反应物、过渡态、中间体和产物的几何构型,通过振动分析对过渡态和中间体构型进行确认.计算结果表明:F与ClONO分子的反应有三种不同的反应机制,而对ClNO2分子的进攻有两种不同的反应方式.其中F与cis-ClONO发生的直接Cl提取反应是主反应通道,产物P1(NO2+ClF)为主要产物.  相似文献   

7.
化学缓蚀剂在青铜器文物保护中的理论分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用量子化学计算泛函密度理论中的B3LYP方法,在6-31 +G(d)基组上,对8种常见的在青铜器文物保护中使用的化学缓蚀剂化合物分子进行了结构和化学反应活性分析.结果表明化学缓蚀剂分子具有类平面型的共轭结构,其活性中心主要在氮原子上,通过对所有缓蚀剂分子的最高占有轨道(HOMO)、最低空轨道(LUMO)和能量差(ELUMO-EHOMO)△E分析后发现,苯并三氮唑(BTA)和2-氧代苯并咪唑(MBI)对青铜文物的保护性能较好.  相似文献   

8.
自从1938年德国的R(?)len发现在可溶性的羰基钴配合物存在下烯烃可与一氧化碳和氢反应生成醛以来.人们不断地从实验和理论上探索过渡金属羰基配合物催化作用的机理,先后发现羰基铑、钯、镍、铁、铷、镱等配合物均对烯烃醛化反应、CO/H_2反应具有催化作用,并从热力学和动力学上对这种催化作用的机理进行了大量研究.所谓嵌入反应就是指构成大多数催化循环组成部分的单个步骤,它包括以共价键键合于金属中心的配体与配位于同一金属的作用物分子的反应.为了讨论方便,本文把广义的嵌入反应又分成迁移反应和插入反应两种.其区别就在于原来位于轴上的配体反应后是否仍在轴位置上和反应过程中作用物分子是否插入到金属和配体之间.本文仅对CO嵌入反应加以讨论.1配体R为烷基的羰基嵌入反应1.1实验和机理方面1957年,Coffield等第一次研究了五羰基烷基锰与CO的加成反应:  相似文献   

9.
本文通过讨论分子结构因素(键能、键级、能态、键的极性)对分子化学反应活性的影响,简述了影响分子反应活性的复杂性,分析了各种因素对分子反应活性影响的局限性。  相似文献   

10.
环戊烯酮是重要的有机合成原料,也是生物活性化合物和天然产物构建模块。采用密度泛函理论计算,本文研究以硅烷为氢源,钯催化α,β-不饱和酰氯与炔烃合成环戊烯酮的模块化策略的机理。研究表明该反应经下面过程顺序进行:钯催化剂拆分酰氯成烯基、羰基和氯单元;一氧化碳释放;炔烃与烯基偶联;一氧化碳重新配位和迁移插入形成另一个C—C键;经C=C双键迁移插入关环,与氢硅烷发生转金属反应,C,H-还原消除释放产物。该机理与实验工作者提出的机理不同,羰基通过在溶剂笼中释放和重新配位参与反应,而不是一直与钯配位。转金属H/Cl交换发生在反应后期,是反应的瓶颈过程, 而不是发生在前期的酰氯拆分。  相似文献   

11.
Since the late 1960s,culture has been considered tighter with communication.Culture IS based on the community of communication.Communication involves people and their environment.Thus culture is an important factor in communication.Today with modem economic and technological development,intercultural communication is mole important than ever before. When people from different cultural background communicate with each other,their social stereotype pattern of behavior, their habits of language and thought differ from one another,because these are the possible factors that affect intercultural communications.Culture norms also change,culture may be transferred as signs but we have to study and understand the above carefially.  相似文献   

12.
The article introduces Shakespeare's tragedy "Hamlet".Hamlet wants to revenge for his father.But when the opportunity is coming,he delays his revenge.The passage analyzes the causes of his delay from Hamlet's characters.  相似文献   

13.
The thesis mainly discusses the character of the heroine in Charlotte Brontes famous novel "Jane Eyre". There are three major parts-introduction,analysis which is the main body of the thesis,and conclusion.Jane Eyre,the heroine,is a new woman image who requires independence equality and freedom.The thesis just analyzes Janes these rebellious characters through four peroods of her experiences.First,in her childhood,she has shown her rebellious spirit.As an orphan,Jane suffers a lot of misery.Not only her aunt treats her cruelly,her cousins despise her,but also do servants have a prejudice against her.In Janes immature heart, she is unwilling to bear ill treatment.She rebels them bravely.Second,when she studies at Lowood,her rebellious spirit is exposed furtherly.Her view doest stay in Mrs Reeds,instead turns to the whole society.She makes hypocrisy of so-called charity to be discovered completely.At the same time,she declares her independent,equal rebellious thought to her friend-Helldn who endures oppression willingly.Third,she,as a governess in Thornfield Hall falls in love with Rochester-her master.During this period,her thought grows into maturity.Thought she loves him passionately,she never loses her dignity and independence for him.When she knows his mad wife still lives,she makes up her mind to leave him.For she doesnt want to become his mistress.Fourth,her refusal of St Johns proposal of marriage depicts Janes character.She knows John does not love her at all and his purpose of marriage is only to perform his great task missionary.Jane does want to become a sacrifice.She breaks traditional morality,then she goes back to Rochester.  相似文献   

14.
当代中国武术经历了时代的沧桑和变迁,在历经了文化和历史的发展与洗礼之后,依然发展、繁衍至今。在这样一个漫长的过程中,伴随着以社会环境和社会人群价值取向为主的变迁与变化,当代中国武术的发展与当代社会的发展正逐渐的呈现出某些相背离和不和谐的表象。通过研究,我们发觉中国武术中原本一些内在的东西正在不断的被遗忘,正在不断的流逝。本文试从中国武术在当代发展中的问题境域入手,解读中国武术在当今世界和社会中存在的一些问题,希望能够从中找到中国武术发展的"合法性"或"合时性"的内在依据,以挺立中国武术的脊梁。  相似文献   

15.
The context of a word consists of the other words surrounding it and the situation in which it is used.When we come across a new word in our reading,instead of looking it up in a dictionary for its definition,we can guess its meaning from its context.  相似文献   

16.
Introduction Whatisculture?Toputitsimply,culturemeansthe totalwayoflifeofaperson.Thissimpledefinitionimplies thatculturereferstothepattersofcustoms,traditions,socialhabits,values,beliefsandlanguageofasociety.As cultureissoinclusive,itincludesvirtuallyeverythingthat agroupofpeoplethink,say,doandmake.Followingthedefinitionofsociologists,theterm culturereferstothetotalpatternofbeliefs,customs,institutions,objects,andcharacterizesthelifeofhuman community.“Cultureconsistsofallthesharedproductsof …  相似文献   

17.
"Midnight"is a poem written by Archibald·Lampman,a Canadian poet,who loved nature very much,but his poor health prevents him from being very active in the outdoor life.So he is often the quite,thoughtful observer of nature in his poems.This article mainly talks about how to appreciate the poem in the following aspects:word selecting,rhyme,sentence structure and atmosphere.After reading this poem,we cannot get rid of the air of horror and mystery."Midnight" reveals another aspect of the nature:wild,rough and unknown.There is something else in the nature that can awe human beings even though we don't know what it is.  相似文献   

18.
Chapter Ⅰ Introduction Sitting in the rocking chair,Carrie dreams her future.This is the deep impression the novel"Sister Carrie"gives us,which is written by Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945),the great American realism writer.  相似文献   

19.
运用临场观察统计法、访谈法、文献资料法以及归纳法等研究方法,对现阶段国内青少年足球守门员防守技术运用情况进行统计与分析研究.结果表明:判断反应与选位能力不足是青少年守门员防守技术失误的主要原因,预判失误与技术粗糙以及缺乏自信等导致青少年守门员对抗条件下难以有效发挥位置优势,强干扰情况时出击争夺球失误多,重视反应训练和提高接球动作质量要求是提高青少年守门员技术水平的重中之重.  相似文献   

20.
提高体校学生的语素质的主要途径是课堂教学。体校语教师在教学过程中必须根据学生身心特点.设置合理的结构模式,以便顺利实现教学目标。  相似文献   

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