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以RD活动为核心的云南科技创新,通过经费投入的持续稳步增长,RD经费、财政科技支出、RD经费投入强度逐年提高,科技对云南经济社会发展和生态环境建设的贡献率日益凸现。同时,通过多年科技经费数据的统计整理和比较分析,云南RD经费、财政科技支出、RD经费投入强度、财政科技支出占财政支出比重与国家整体水平甚至西部地区相比,都存在不同程度的差距,科技创新活动处于一种相对静态的路径依赖状态。缩小云南科技创新差距,打破科技活动相对静态的路径依赖状态,在今后一段时期,需要制订科学的科技创新活动投入与产出评价机制,进一步加大以RD经费为核心要素的科技投入。 相似文献
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广东省的科技经费尤其是RD经费投入和支出近年来快速增长,但与发达地区相比,仍然存在着RD投入力度不足,RD经费内部支出结构失衡、高校RD经费支出规模较小等问题,并用回归分析方法分析了RD经费投入对经济增长有着积极意义。因此广东省还可以进一步加大RD经费的投入及改善RD经费支出结构,把广东省真正打造成科技强省。 相似文献
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RD投入作为支撑科技竞争力最重要的物质基础,其投入的力度直接影响着一个国家或地区科技、经济、社会的发展水平。在分析福建省RD经费投入时间序列发展变动特征和对其的影响因素进行假设分析的基础上,分别建立ARMA(3,5)时间序列预测模型和相关关系预测模型,然后建立组合预测模型,对福建省2015—2020年的RD经费投入的发展变化趋势进行准确可靠预测,并对福建省"十三五"科技发展规划中RD经费投入强度规划目标值提出合理建议。 相似文献
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以人均GDP作为经济增长的代理变量,分别使用财政科技投入、RD经费投入作为科技投入的代理变量,研究了科技投入与经济增长的关系。研究表明:科技投入与经济增长的关系是非线性的,适合使用非线性平滑转换模型来拟合。财政科技投入与经济增长的关系存在两个门限,其转换变量为前一期的经济增长速度;RD经费投入与经济增长的关系存在一个门限,其转换变量也是前一期的经济增长速度。 相似文献
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江苏省"十一五"期间的科技创新活动有所突破,RD经费总量全国第一,经费投入强度逐渐改善,科技人员投入不断增加,同时科技专利申请数量持续增长。但是经费投入结构仍然不合理,地方政府科技支出应该发挥带头作用,实现科技创新水平的整体改善。"十二五"期间江苏省应该努力加快RD经费的投入,通过人才的引进以及自主创新实现科技驱动经济的新一轮增长,加快经济发展方式的转型。 相似文献
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为了研究广州国家创新型城市的各项政策实施效果,采用系统动力学方法,构建了广州国家创新型城市的RD投入适配性模型,对RD经费投入和RD人员投入进行了仿真分析;研究结果表明,广州RD经费投入占GDP比重应在百分之三左右比较适宜,规模以上企业RD经费投入占广州的RD经费投入的比例在70%左右是比较适配以及每万人就业人口RD人员在100左右比较适宜;由此得出以下结论:广州应该优化RD经费投入结构、加强RD人员的建设以及提升广州国家创新型城市的绩效水平等。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献