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中关村产业集群网络结构演化及创新风险分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于复杂网络理论视角,审视了中关村产业集群发展历程。发现中关村产业集群网络结构经历了从随机网络向无标度网络变迁的过程。资金、人才、新创企业、政府择优连接机制是网络结构变迁的主要原因。无标度网络结构使中关村产业集群创新发展呈风险运行状态,表现为:网络创新能力对集散节点故障脆弱;网络呈创新衰退趋势;缺乏创新后续力量。提出:分散集散节点资源与社会连接,降低网络脆弱性;建立合理的指标评价体系,引导创新优先连接,提升网络创新实力;优化中小企业生存环境,保证网络创新可持续发展。 相似文献
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基于网络结构视角的集群创新能力研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
引用了复杂网络理论中刻画网络结构的三大统计结构变量:度分布、聚集系数以及平均最短路径长度作为刻画集群网络结构的变量,在此基础上初步探讨了这些结构变量对集群创新能力的影响。 相似文献
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为探讨产业集聚与市场竞争是如何在企业创新中共同发生作用的,基于CSMAR国泰安数据库和中国工业企业数据库,采用双向固定效应模型实证检验市场竞争在产业集聚影响企业创新产出路径中的调节效应,并以粤港澳大湾区生物医药产业创新发展案例进行验证.结果 表明:市场竞争对产业集聚激励企业创新具有负向调节作用,且仅存在于技术密集型行业;国有企业的市场垄断地位会削弱产业集聚的创新推动效果.在考虑行业与企业异质性的基础上,充分发挥市场竞争与产业集聚的交互效应是提升企业创新能力的重要路径.为此提出加快培育先进制造业集群、大力培育行业龙头企业和加快国有企业分类改革等政策建议. 相似文献
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基于产业集群创新的创新型人力资本增值路径研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过对产业集群创新的分析,构建了产业集群创新系统,归纳了产业集群创新系统的六个特征。同时,将创新型人力资本分为四类:企业家型人力资本,管理创新型人力资本,技术创新型人力资本,以及信息型人力资本。根据对产业集群创新系统,以及四类创新型人力资本特质的研究,提出了创新型人力资本在产业集群创新系统中的五条增值路径:主导产业企业的聚集效应产生的路径;主导产业企业和上下游关联企业的集聚效应产生的路径;主导产业企业和竞争企业的聚集效应产生的路径;集群内企业与供应商、客户的聚集效应产生的路径;集群内核心要素与支撑要素的协同效应产生的路径。 相似文献
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本文以四川德阳装备制造业集群为例,从节点度、中介中心度和结构洞三个维度,分析了装备制造业集群的创新网络结构嵌入性对集群企业创新能力增长存在的影响.结果显示:集群企业的结构洞特征对企业创新能力增长存在显著的正向关系,而节点度及其网络中介中心度对企业创新能力的增长不存在正向影响.这说明在德阳装备制造业中,每一个处于“桥”位置的企业能获得更多创新资源,其创新能力增长拥有绝对优势,而配套企业与大企业之间的联系仅仅是低水平的业务合作,缺乏技术、知识、信息等方面的互动和学习,创新资源得不到流动,创新能力得不到提升.本文进而指出了一些提升集群创新网络结构嵌入性对集群内企业创新能力影响的路径. 相似文献
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通过对临港产业集群的构成、经济特征和类型分析,认为发展创新型临港产业集群是沿海地区的主导战略选择;阐述了创新型临港产业集聚的过程及其决定因素;探讨了创新型临港产业集聚的效应;在此基础上,提出了促进创新型临港产业集聚的路径. 相似文献
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外商投资企业空间集聚的路径选择研究--以长江三角洲地区为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
产业集群是具有密切经济联系的产业在特定区位的空间集聚现象,具有对特定区位的路径选择特征。本文采用路径分析方法对长江三角洲地区外商投资企业空间集聚的路径选择问题进行研究。研究结果表明,影响长江三角洲地区外商投资企业集群的因子间不仅具有显著的路径选择特征,而且因子与集群间也具有显著的路径选择特征。文章最后提出促进外商投资企业空间集聚的对策建议。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献