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根据 FIG 发布的新奥运周期2013-2016国际艺术体操评分规则,依照评分规则的变化特点,逐一审视难度体系的身体难度、舞步组合、结合旋转和抛的动力性动作、器械熟练性4个基本组成部分,并顺其变化规律,前瞻国际艺术体操难度体系的发展态势。研究发现：规则的不断调整引领艺术体操难度向着“超高、超美、超惊、超巧、超稳”的全新方向迈进;身体难度的优化选择、艺术美韵的风格展现、惊险独特的提升、器械动作组合的巧妙搭配、动作规格化的完美体现是当今艺术体操难度发展的主体特征。新奥运周期将创新与完美做为奠基石,双重拉动成套动作最高分值的获得。 相似文献
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以艺术体操身体难度为研究对象,对历年身体难度总的数量变化、创新方式、不同类型的数量变化以及成套难度数量进行量化分析,探索艺术体操身体难度的发展趋势.结论 为(1)身体难度总的数量呈现为缓慢、快速和逐渐回落的增长趋势;(2)规则对四类身体难度的均衡发展起到了一定的调节作用,但平衡和柔韧类身体难度发展仍然较慢;(3)合理调整成套难度数量有利于艺术体操项目竞技性与艺术性的均衡发展;(4)身体难度动作的创新要在动作结构、动作连接方式创新的基础上,寻求新的发展方向. 相似文献
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运用文献资料研究、分析归纳等研究方法,依照新奥运周期(2013-2016)国际艺术体操评分规则的变化特点,对艺术体操难度体系的内部结构进行深入剖析,逐一解读身体难度、舞步组合、结合旋转和抛的动力性动作、器械熟练性4个基本组成部分,并顺应规则的变化规律前瞻国际艺术体操难度体系的发展趋势.结果表明:规则的不断调整引导着艺术体操难度向“超高、超美、超惊、超巧、超稳”的全新方向发展;“价高、美韵、惊险、巧妙、完美”将成为艺术体操难度发展的主体特征;新奥运周期的变化特点,将创新的编排和完美无缺的完成做为基石,双重拉动成套动作最高分值的获得. 相似文献
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核心力量是完成艺术体操技术的基础,艺术体操身体难度动作的完成质量是评价艺术体操学生成绩优异的标准,本文运用文献资料法、专家访谈法,从身体难度动作方面探讨核心力量对艺术体操学生平衡能力影响的理论研究分析,研究结果表明:艺术体操评分规则围绕“难度”为突破口,以不断提高难度分值、难度数量和难度级别为主,通过加强的核心肌群可以更好并更精确地保持有序的舒缩活动,更有力量和耐力支撑骨,维持姿势、动作和保持平衡,从而提高身体的平衡能力。 相似文献
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艺术体操规则的不断改变,推动技术不断向前发展。艺术体操的难、新、竞技化及美、巧、艺术化是当今国际艺术体操发展的主要潮流和趋势。因此,要准确把握评分规则,不断提高教练员队伍执教水平;加强运动员体能训练,以发展身体难度动作为突破方向,不断追求艺术的完美,突出编排的创新;合理布局,建立艺术体操人才基地。 相似文献
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身体动作难度一直都作为艺术体操技术发展的一大突破口.难度是一套动作的主干,是决定成套动作技术价值评分高低的唯一因素.2003年版艺术体操国际评分规则最大突破点就在于,身体动作难度数量的迅速增加,动作类型增多和动作技术复杂化加大,并将其身体动作难度的难易与分值结合,实践再次说明了难度是当今竞技性艺术体操美的前提. 相似文献
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艺术体操个人项目带操转体类身体难度动作完成质量研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过分析2006年艺术体操全国锦标赛、2006年艺术体操世界杯赛的个人单项带操前3名成套动作,对世界优秀艺术体操运动员和我国优秀艺术体操运动员的转体类身体难度动作完成质量进行分析。找出我国艺术体操运动员带操转体类身体难度动作与世界先进水平的差距,以及动作完成质量的优点与不足。 相似文献
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艺术体操教练员的创新思维 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着艺术体操技术的飞速发展,创新很快成为新世纪初艺术体操发展的潮流,使艺术体操向着更新、更难、更精彩的方向发展。艺术体操教练员的创新思维,对提高艺术体操创新动作具有重要的作用。本文根据国际艺术体操创新动作的发展前瞻态势,结合国际体联艺术体操技术委员会最新评审的创新动作,介绍了培养艺术体操教练员的创新思维的基本思路及途径,以期引起我国艺术体操教练员对创新的高度重视,并为我国艺术体操创新动作的发展提供参考。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
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影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。 相似文献