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竞技健美操的主要目的是运用于比赛。要求表演者能够在音乐的伴奏下,完成连续复杂的高强度动作。竞技健美操成套动作必须包含"动力性力量、静力性力量、跳与越、柔韧与平衡"四个难度动作各一个。因此,进行柔韧训练不仅是为了提高表演者的整体表现力,更是竞技健美操的比赛规则对于动作要求的必然结果。 相似文献
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对第10~11届世界健美操锦标赛我国与世界各项前3名运动员成套动作中所选的跳跃类难度动作进行了分析,结果显示:我国优秀竞技健美操运动员在成套动作中选用的跳跃类难度动作的数量和分值上均高于世界前3名选手;我国优秀竞技健美操运动员选用的跳跃类难度动作类型主要偏重于屈体分腿跳类,动作的完成比世界优秀运动员选用的科萨克跳类的难度大;我国优秀竞技健美操运动员选用的跳跃类难度动作主要分布在整套操的前半套,而世界优秀运动员主要分布在整套操的后半套,这对运动员的专项体能及下肢动力性力量的要求较高,这说明我国优秀竞技健美操运动员与世界优秀运动员相比下肢动力有一定的差距。 相似文献
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在2017-2020竞技健美操竞赛规则的指导下,以2018年健美操世界锦标赛女单前8名难度动作选择与2019年全国冠军赛成年组健将组女单人前8名的难度动作选择为研究对象,收集竞技健美操难度动作评判规则,阅读有关竞技健美操难度动作选择的文献整理作为研究的理论支撑前提。采用文献资料法、数理统计法、对比分析法等研究方法,对2018年第15届健美操世界锦标赛女单前8名成套难度动作与2019年全国健美操冠军赛成年组健将组女单前8名的难度动作选择进行统计与分析,通过对比赛录像的观看,在竞技健美操难度专家及老师的帮助下准确评判各运动员难度完美完成的判罚,旨在客观的了解作为健美操最高水平比赛中各国优秀健美操运动员难度动作的选用,与我国国内健美操水平最高赛事中运动员难度选择的使用状况,通过对比试图找出国内优秀运动员与世界各国高水平运动员难度选择的差异,并为我国参加世界锦标赛难度动作的选择上提出相关意见。 相似文献
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采用文献资料法等,对第8-11届世界健美操锦标赛各项前6名成套动作中跳跃类难度动作的选用情况进行统计分析,找出世界竞技健美操跳跃类难度动作的发展趋势。结果显示:跳跃类难度动作可以凸现和提升成套动作的难度价值、巧妙改变成套动作的路线和方向、增加成套动作的空间美感;跳跃类难度动作类型的运用主要偏重于"科萨克跳类"、"屈体跳类"、"团身跳类"且高分值动作逐年增加;跳跃类难度动作主要分布在整套操的前4个难度动作位置,其中选用在第1个难度动作位置为最多,这较符合运动员体能分配规律。 相似文献
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规则与竞技健美操难度动作的发展 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
竞技健美操比赛中，难度动作是成套动作比赛的重要组成部分。国际体联2001年规则的提出对难度动作有了新的要求。本文根据1997年和2001年规则，对竞技健美操成套动作中关于难度动作的有关问题进行探讨，从竞技健美操中难度动作的级别和类别以及难度动作的选择等几个方面进行论述。试图找到国际健美操难度动作发展的主要方向，为健美操的教学、训练提供点滴参考。 相似文献
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通过现场观看比赛和录像观察,对第九届世界健美操锦标赛的男单项目的前8名的成套动作中的难度动作的编排、完成等情况进行分析,试图找到竞技健美操男单项目难度动作的发展趋势并提出相应对策,旨在对我国竞技健美操发展提供参考。 相似文献
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刘浩 《武汉体育学院学报》2012,46(5):79-83
难度动作是竞技健美操成套动作中的核心内容。以运动技能迁移机制的分析为切入点,研究了竞技健美操难度动作技术链的形成和发展规律,并结合专项体能训练实践,探寻了难度动作体能训练与技能训练的融合关系以及专项运动素质的形成路径,丰富了竞技健美操专项体能训练理论。 相似文献
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宗星 《体育科技文献通报》2006,14(9):53-55
随着健美操运动蓬勃开展而迅速发展起来,竞技健美操是一种更高层次的健美操运动,它比健身健美操更加激烈。更能体现出力、青春、美的特色。近年来我国经常举办全国性的比赛,甚至走出中国。参与竞技健美操这个项目的人也越来越多了,如何创编出符合竞技健美操特点而又紧紧把握住发展方向的成套动作呢?成套动作的编排应该注意:动作的艺术性、操化动作与难度之间的过度连接、成套动作的内容、成套动作的时间、音乐与动作之间的完美配合。 相似文献
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采用录像资料法、数理统计法、文献资料法和专家访谈法等,对第11、12届健美操世界锦标赛决赛阶段女单项目前5名成套动作的各项指标进行对比分析,结果表明:竞技健美操女单项目优秀选手的竞技能力已经达到相对稳定的水平,表现在难度分值高且完成质量较好;竞技健美操女单项目的难度动作分值编排的合理性进一步提高,但难度组别的多样性有所下降,大量重复动作影响了成套动作的艺术性。我国女单选手要在提高力量素质的基础上,增强动作编排的艺术性,从而提高我国在竞技健美操女单项目上的竞争力。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
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影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。 相似文献