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介绍定向运动地图的制作实例,解决定向运动教学、训练和组织比赛过程中的场地的选择、地图的制作过程及定向地图实践应用问题,以期为今后开展校园定向运动提供有益的参考。 相似文献
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这期我们介绍马林第三板反拉技术。直板和横板的反拉技术在基本原理上是一样的。 马林发强烈的下旋球到金泽洙的反手位（图一至三）,金泽洙接发球时用侧身拉高吊弧圈（图四至八）,马林判断对方会拉高吊弧圈至自己的反手位,于是,在第三板的处理上果断侧身反拉到对方的反手位（图九至十二）。 在这个实例中,金泽洙为了“安全”起见,拉了一板高吊弧圈,而马林则准备得比较充分,一在用正手反拉的同时,落点尽量控制在对方意想不到的地方。对方侧身拉高吊弧圈后,通常正手位是空档,这时应该打对方的正手位。当对方注意正手位时,就会提前… 相似文献
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本文在介绍智库溯源和作用的基础之上,探讨图书馆开展智库服务的优势,构建了图书馆开展智库服务的流程,并以国家图书馆智库服务为实例,总结图书馆开展智库服务的重要性。 相似文献
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反演分析是主要利用监测资料的正分析成果,应用数学方法反求大坝及其基础的热力学参数,可以评价计算模型和结果的精度,从而提高计算成果的准确性。基于分布式光纤的测温优势,结合西南某施工期特高拱坝河床坝段,通过在其特殊浇筑仓距表层下60cm内不同深度处埋设分布式光纤测温,并对其测温结果分别取平均值,从而反求大坝混凝土导热系数。计算结果表明,比大坝设计初期拟定值略高,符合实际情况,其结果更加真实可靠。 相似文献
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本文分析了技工学校学生学习、兴趣、爱好特点,指出了单片机原理与接口技术课程传统教学存在的问题,并结合教学实例,介绍了游戏闯关教学法的优点、实施过程和注意事项。 相似文献
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周次保 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(9):35-36,63
尽管兴奋剂对运动员的身体、心理以及高尚的奥林匹克体育精神都是有百害而无一利,兴奋剂检测越来越严格,检测技术也越来越先进,但近年来兴奋剂的使用仍在继续。基于使用兴奋剂对人体所造成的危害以及对社会所造成的负面影响,社会各界都应该联合起来开展反兴奋剂运动。本文通过对大量有关兴奋剂及反兴奋剂的文献资料的分析,提出了兴奋剂的原理、危害及反兴奋剂的必要性,希望对相关人员有所启发以推动反兴奋剂运动的发展。 相似文献
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兴奋剂问题是竞技体育的毒瘤,使用兴奋剂违背体育精神,损害运动员身心健康和国家形象,极易引发政治风险和重大舆情事件。我国长期坚持以“预防为主、教育为本”的原则开展反兴奋剂教育工作,以便从根本上消除体育运动中使用兴奋剂的问题。反兴奋剂教育基地是开展反兴奋剂教育工作的重要场所,河北省通过积极筹建反兴奋剂教育基地全面加强反兴奋剂教育工作,助力实现第十四届全国运动会兴奋剂问题“零出现”目标。本研究结合第十四届全国运动会备战周期中河北省反兴奋剂教育基地的运行情况,分析建立教育基地的意义、作用以及启示,旨在为我国后续开展反兴奋剂教育工作提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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本文介绍了高等数学中导数计算的常用方法,并通过典型实例进行分析归纳,针对其中需要注意的细节和技巧加以说明,希望对高职院校的学生在高等数学的学习过程中有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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本文主要用心理测量法对我国 30名优秀十项全能运动员和 2 6名一般运动员的 12项心理指标进行了测试 ,并对测试结果进行比较分析。结果发现 ,优秀十项全能运动员的综反错次和综反错改时优于一般运动员 ,且其在处理速度 -准确性互换关系时表现出在求稳求准的基础上求好求快的特点 ;优秀十项全能运动员的节奏感、用力感等较好 ,但其自信心和责任感差。 相似文献
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本文介绍了高等数学中极限计算的常用方法,并通过典型实例进行分析归纳,针对其中需要注意的细节和技巧加以说明,希望对高职院校的学生在高等数学的学习过程中有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
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影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩. 相似文献
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青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s :age 23 +/- 4 years;body mass 69.7 +/- 9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23 +/- 4 years; body mass 72.7 +/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 ; and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 or the lactate minimum speed.In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO 2max (from 47.9 +/- 8.4 to 52.2 +/- 2.7 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3 +/- 1.7 to 13.9 +/- 1.6 km.h -1 ), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.9 +/- 1.8 km.h -1 ) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 (from 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 13.2 +/- 2.1 km.h -1 ) (all P ? 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0 +/- 0.7 to 10.9 +/- 1.7 km.h -1 ). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed,when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity. 相似文献