共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Intercultural interaction plays an important role in contributing to international students’ learning and wellbeing in the host country. While research on international students’ intercultural interactions reveals multifaceted aspects of personal and social factors, there is a tendency to consider language barrier and cultural differences as individual factors that constrain their interactions with the institutional community. Drawing on 105 interviews with international students in Australian vocational education and training and dual sector institutions, this paper examines international students’ intercultural interactions in host institutions and the factors that act as enablers or inhibitors for intercultural interactions. It highlights the social and structural conditions in creating symbolic capital of elitist Anglo-Australian culture and English language, and social differentiation. This paper offers insights into understanding the legitimacy of such elitism, in hope that future conceptualisation, research and practices of intercultural interactions may locate international students within their cultural diversity. 相似文献
2.
Carolyn-Dung. T. T. Tran Renato A. Villano 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2017,41(4):530-544
This article provides an analysis of the academic performance of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Vietnam with 50 universities and 50 colleges in 2011/12. The two-stage semiparametric data envelopment analysis is used to estimate the efficiency of HEIs and investigate the effects of various factors on their performance. The findings reveal that HEIs in the surveyed sample show that there are still potential avenues to improve their existing performance. There appears to be a difference in the efficiencies of public and private HEIs in the reported year. It is noted that the inefficiency of HEIs are not entirely a result of managerial performance, but also influenced by other factors such as location, age and the contribution of tuition fees. Our results are expected to provide more understanding of the operational efficiency of HEIs for educational managers and policymakers to find possible solutions to improve the performance of Vietnamese higher education. 相似文献
3.
MIKE BOTTERY 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2003,33(1):101-122
This paper argues that whilst citizenship as a concept has a long and venerable history, present-day conceptions are relatively new, being primarily constructs created two to three hundred years ago to bolster the status and influence of fledgling western nation states. They were generated to inculcate in disparate populations the belief that their primary allegiance should not be to their region and lord, but to a larger entity of disputed size and composition, the nation state. Yet because it is a political arrangement in time, and there are such variations in its practice, there is an increasing awareness of its nature as a construction which can be deconstructed. The present status of the concept of citizenship, then, depends at least in part on the perceived legitimacy of the nation state by those who inhabit its borders. Yet this paper will argue that not only is there a greater awareness of its artificiality, but there are also forces at large in the world today which constrain its powers and threaten its legitimacy. This paper thus asks whether the nation state will be able to call upon the loyalty of its inhabitants, and be the primary focus for a commitment to a form of citizenship in the future. Further questions are then posed as to what future forms of organisations would generate greater legitimacy and what forms of citizenship and citizenship education may come to prominence in the years ahead. 相似文献
4.
Students' Preferences and Needs in Portuguese Higher Education 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
DIANA TAVARES ORLANDA TAVARES ELSA JUSTINO & ALBERTO AMARAL 《European Journal of Education》2008,43(1):107-122
In Portugal, there is a diversified higher education system comprising some 160 institutions: universities, polytechnics and isolated schools, public or private, with a total enrolment of some 350,000 students. This article presents the analysis of the results of questionnaires which were completed in 2004 by students entering higher education for the first time so as to understand their perceived needs and aspirations and how they chose their institution/study programme.
In the last few years, there has been a decline in the number of candidates to higher education — mainly due to demography — which created strong institutional competition. Therefore it is important to understand the reasons behind students' choices, perceived needs and aspirations and how students assess the capacity of different institutions/programmes to fulfil these. It is also relevant to understand how their choices may be conditioned by factors such as their socio-economic and cultural background, employability prospects, other available information, gender and type of institution and study programme. 相似文献
In the last few years, there has been a decline in the number of candidates to higher education — mainly due to demography — which created strong institutional competition. Therefore it is important to understand the reasons behind students' choices, perceived needs and aspirations and how students assess the capacity of different institutions/programmes to fulfil these. It is also relevant to understand how their choices may be conditioned by factors such as their socio-economic and cultural background, employability prospects, other available information, gender and type of institution and study programme. 相似文献
5.
The expansion of higher education in Latin America before 1980 resulted from the growing demand of the urban middle classes. The state responded with a benevolent attitude, except when political circumstances led to police repression. The deep crisis and the emergence of new economic policies in the 1980s drastically changed this picture. Funds for further growth are not available and there is no longer a favorable political climate for the universities. The new ideological and political scene favors policies aimed at abandoning incremental formulae for state funding, increasing private funding, rationalizing spending, promoting institutional and program differentiation, introducing evaluation as a major policy instrument and checking enrolment growth. Negotiation over these issues in democratic regimes has become cumbersome and difficult. A set of policies for the private sector is also emerging though these are ineffectual if state funding is not forthcoming. Though flexibility over accreditation became common in the 1970s and 1980s there is now closer scrutiny of such matters. Legal frameworks have favored differentiation in the private sector also, including recognizing profit-oriented institutions which are capable of absorbing excess demand but which are less closely regulated than the older and more prestigious institutions. 相似文献
6.
Linda Quirke 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2009,30(5):621-634
The new institutionalism predicts that professionalism is a key element of organizations’ ability to be seen as legitimate. Emphasizing the professionalism and formal credentials of its members lends legitimacy to the organization, protecting it from scrutiny. What happens when this norm of professionalism is absent? How do schools legitimate themselves, if not through professionalism? This paper examines a population of small, secular non‐elite private schools that overwhelmingly hire uncertified teachers. Using data from 60 private school principals in Toronto, Canada, I examine the ways in which private schools tap into alternate means of legitimacy. This study finds that small, secular ‘rogue’ private schools fail to invoke norms of professionalism as a means to garner constituent support and legitimacy. I argue that these schools substitute an innovative, unconventional ‘caring consumer ethos’ in place of teacher professionalism. 相似文献
7.
由于各地经济、文化和公立高等教育发展的不平衡性和地区政策差异形成了我国民办高等教育的非均衡发展。当前,我国民办高等教育应充分发挥区域优势,建立有效的质量保障系统,实现民办高等教育成本的合理分担,优化外部环境,走集团化发展道路,并通过体制变革,建立现代大学制度,才能促进民办高等教育整体水平的提高和实现可持续发展。 相似文献
8.
Efrat Eilam Stephen W. Bigger Kirsten Sadler Fiachra Barry Tom Bielik 《Higher Education Quarterly》2016,70(4):419-448
This paper addresses the positioning of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) outreach programmes within universities’ operations. Though universities in many respects form a rather homogenous international community, there is wide diversity in regard to the provision of STEM outreach by different institutions. To explain this diversity, a conceptual framework was developed by using the Theory of Legitimacy as an organising concept. The framework considers two opposing scenarios that form a continuum between them, namely: ‘top‐down’ initiative by the university governance versus ‘bottom‐up’ grass‐roots initiative. Using the Theory of Legitimacy, internal and external outreach relationships are characterised and explained under the two scenarios. The framework was applied to two settings chosen due to their essential differences in outreach provision, namely, Australia and Israel. The differences that were found in internal and external legitimacy provide a useful lens for examining the low‐performing, fragile system in Australia as compared with the high‐performing, thriving system in Israel. 相似文献
9.
将组织分为公共组织和私人组织的分类准则并不科学,因为它掩盖了两者之间的相同点,扩大了两者之间的差异性。这种弊端在行政学的发展历程中尤为突出。而如果认识到组织是一个连续体,公共组织和私人组织之间具有相同性,公共组织、私人组织内部也具有差异性,不仅可以澄清行政学发展历程中的几次范式转移,明确当前新公共管理理论成功和遭受批判的结症,而且可以为行政学的研究提供很好的视角。 相似文献
10.
钟碧忠 《泉州师范学院学报》2012,30(1):54-59
通过分析晋江私营企业在转型时期的战略演变过程,发现其战略选择存在着两种逻辑,即追求效率逻辑和服从合法性逻辑。追求效率的竞争战略经历了社会资本战略、低成本战略和差异化战略三个阶段的演变,服从合法性机制的适应战略经历了社会资本战略、模仿战略和质量战略三个阶段的演变。整合任务环境和制度环境观点,并结合资源基础理论提出一个转型时期私营企业战略选择的阶段模型。 相似文献
11.
《民办学校分类登记实施细则》第7条规定，非营利性民办学校可以登记为事业单位。这不仅与《民法典》等上位立法发生冲突，存在操作障碍，而且背离事业单位改革趋势。产生该规定的根源在于未能科学认识我国非营利性民办学校的法人类型。对此，应回到基本法层面，对非营利性民办学校的法人类型予以体系化重释。一方面，坚持事业单位法人的国有属性，将其从民办学校法人类型体系中去除；另一方面，摈弃将非营利性民办学校统一定性为捐助法人的解释范式，承认社团型非营利性民办学校这一类型。同时，配套完善非营利性民办学校扶持及国有资产监督管理机制，从而形成社团型非营利性民办学校与财团型非营利性民办学校并存的“新二元体系”，从根本上解决非营利性民办学校的法人地位问题。 相似文献
12.
对外汉语教学机构在中国大学中的组织建制扩散具有鲜明的外部驱动特征,中国政府通过相关政策文本的规制与引导,对大学中对外汉语教学机构组织建制的扩散产生了几近决定性的影响。对外汉语教学专业与学科地位的逐步确立,为其在大学中的组织存在提供了规范性的保证。中国大学中对外汉语教学机构的组织建制扩散主要表现为一种"供给推动"的扩散,在这一扩散过程中,政府或大学似乎主要不是为了提高办学效率,而是为了寻求自身存在的合法性。 相似文献
13.
Kate Galbraith 《Higher Education in Europe》2003,28(4):539-558
The number of private higher education institutions in post-communist Eastern Europe has risen spectacularly since 1989. In some countries, private-sector enrollments have neared one-third of total enrollment. This article traces the development of these private higher education institutions. The argument is that while their quality is currently varied, they are structurally much better suited to serve the post-communist world than are the rigid, cash-strapped public universities. However, they must first overcome certain challenges, such as a lack of prestige, that arise from their very identity as private-sector institutions. 相似文献
14.
民办高校举办者变更既是法律赋予举办者的一项权利,也是民办教育投资退出市场的一种方式.当下,在民办高校举办者变更过程中,存在着变更程序混乱、资产交易不规范、新的举办者资质条件不达标、举办者营利倾向明显和政府监管不到位等问题.加强民办高校举办者变更管理,应坚持"重在规范、促进发展,保障自主、依法行事,立足国情、实事求是,突出重点、分类指导"的原则,多管齐下,综合治理. 相似文献
15.
民办本科院校竞争力分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
民办高校"升本"之后进入了一个崭新的竞争平台,竞争对手的增加、竞争实力的上升,都迫使民办本科院校需要重新评估所处的竞争环境。本文借鉴波特的竞争模型,通过分析民办本科院校与竞争者之间的竞争态势,促进民办本科院校形成竞争优势。 相似文献
16.
日本私立高校面临倒闭危机 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
私立高校对日本高等教育大众化的推进起到了重要的作用,为日本社会培养了大批各级各类专门性人才,促进了日本经济的发展。但近年来,少子化趋势高校竞争加剧以及大学管理理念与决策失误等高校内外环境的改变,使部分私立大学面临倒闭危机,为了使自身得以生存和发展,私立高校采取了一系列改革措施。 相似文献
17.
Mona Whitley Howard Marion G. Sobol 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2004,2(1):27-44
In today's era of global competition, organizations must manage their functions and activities in a manner such that they are responsive to customers' needs and can provide excellence in service to the customer while also being efficient and cost conscious. These issues are extremely common in corporate organizations, but such concerns are equally relevant in service industries, including institutions of higher education. This study is conducted at a private, undergraduate institution of higher education. We utilize focus group evaluation and conjoint analysis combined with economic analysis in the form of a newly designed preferred utility economic cost diagram to pick the ideal services that should be provided to enrolled students at the institution. The package of ideal services accounts for preferred utility expressed by students and a new methodology (preferred utility function) to balance these against financial considerations to optimize services and financial gains for a college adult education program. This combination of focus groups and mathematical techniques can be easily employed by educational institutes. 相似文献
18.
我国高等教育已经取得了辉煌的成就。面对这些成就，不少学者主张高等教育目前应当采取适度发展的方针。但是本文拟从我国高等教育的现状及与世界其它国家的差距、我国经济持续发展、民办高校的发展存在空间等方面来论证我国高等教育目前仍要超常规发展，并针对超常规发展高等教育的过程中可能出现的问题、具体的可行之路进行初步探讨。 相似文献
19.
Private initiatives in higher education in Kenya 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Thomas Owen Eisemon 《Higher Education》1992,24(2):157-175
Africa's higher education crisis has prompted the growth of private institutions. Enrollments are very low and in most African countries do not account for a significant proportion of university enrollments. The largest number of private institutions are in Kenya which is the subject of a case study. Private institutions provide professional training in fields of employment opportunity but also offer an education that emphasizes character building functions of higher studies. Private higher education is expensive to provide and costly to attend. Many private institutions are caught in a dilemma. They can not achieve significant efficiencies by reducing instructional costs without damage to the quality of their programs, and they are reluctant to raise tuition and accommodation charges because of the distorting effects on student recruitment. As long as public higher education is provided at low or no cost and private higher education is entirely self-supporting, the private sector will have a peripheral role in higher education in Kenya and other African countries. 相似文献
20.
、改革开放以来我国民办高校的发展取得了长足的进步,但由于种种原因,我国民办高校的社会公信力明显偏低,这严重危及了民办高校的可持续发展。提高民办高校社会公信力的关键是加强民办高校的组织形象建设。 相似文献