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众创空间用户即创客的入驻和持续参与,是推动众创空间可持续发展的关键因素。通过梳理国内外众创空间及其持续使用的相关研究,并基于自我决定理论视角,构建一个创客持续使用意愿形成机理的研究框架。研究表明:众创空间作为一个复杂的创新创业服务生态系统,通过为创客提供经济型、技术型、社会型和政策型创新创业服务,影响创客的内部动机和外部动机,进而影响创客的满意度和持续使用意愿;此外,创客不同的因果定向特质——自主定向、控制定向和非个人定向与众创空间的服务交互作用,最终影响创客的持续使用意愿。 相似文献
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利用CSSCI和Web of Science数据库中收录的以"众创空间"或"创客空间"为主题的422篇文献,运用CiteSpace软件进行文献作者合作网络、关键词图谱分析等,分析国内外众创空间发展现状和热点及其异同,得到以下结论:第一,国内外学者在研究中开展合作研究少,仅有少数学者间形成合作团队但涉及领域较窄;第二,国外发展经历了萌芽期、发展期和快速增长期且研究领域不断拓宽、文献数量仍在迅速增加,而国内经历了起步期、迅速增长期、缓慢下降期,文献数量增速放缓;第三,国外研究热点聚焦于"创客空间+技术孵化""创客空间+教育",而国内研究热点聚焦于"众创空间+教育服务""众创空间+创新创业""众创空间+绩效提升";第四,国外研究的前沿方向是教育、硬件DIY、工程教学,国内则是生态系统、绩效评价、创新创业、高校众创空间等,但国内外研究都向众创空间的实践性结果迈进,最终目的都是服务于创新创业实践. 相似文献
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创业空间是创新驱动发展的重要载体，不同的创业空间模式对创新创业收益的创造、均衡分配乃至共同富裕具有重要影响。运用新兴古典超边际一般均衡分析方法，本文将共同富裕内生化，从分工网络拓展的视角研究传统孵化器向创客空间和众创空间演进的微观机理，揭示这一创业分工网络演变过程促进共同富裕的条件及机制。研究发现：信息交互方式、技术支持方式和信任类型是众创空间与创客空间、传统孵化器的内在区别；如果创业活动和技术众包平台的学习成本很大，那么众创空间将是唯一的均衡创业空间模式；如果创业活动、信息交互服务以及技术众包平台的综合学习成本较大，创客空间和众创空间将从传统孵化器中分离出来成为均衡模式，而当这一综合学习成本较小时，市场交易效率和信息交互效率的充分改进将驱动传统孵化器向创客空间乃至众创空间模式演进升级；创新创业及技术众包平台服务的学习成本越低，市场交易效率和信息交互效率驱动创业空间模式升级的门槛越低，传统孵化器越容易向创客空间与众创空间升级。众创空间分工网络的演进通过优化劳动投入结构、提高创新服务生产率、提升创新产出水平及提升人均真实收入水平等促进共同富裕。 相似文献
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创客是第三次工业革命创新发展的重要驱动，基于创客形成的创客资本的研究对社会的创新发展具有重要意义。通过对66名创客的开放式问卷进行质化研究，构建了创客资本的结构维度，并进一步通过157份数据的结构探索及信效度检验，对创客资本的量表进行了修订。研究结果表明:创客资本是一个包含创意能力、个性特质、知识经验和资源整合的二阶四因子结构，其量表具有良好的信度和效度。研究丰富与拓展了资本理论和创客研究的方向，有助于优化我国众创空间的管理绩效，推动我国“双创”战略的稳步发展。 相似文献
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利用CSSCI和Web of Science数据库中收录的以“众创空间”或“创客空间”为主题的422篇文献，利用CiteSpace软件进行文献作者合作网络、关键词图谱分析等，分析国内外众创空间发展现状和热点及其异同，得到以下结论：第一，国内外学者之间的合作较少，仅有少数学者间形成合作团队但涉及领域较窄；第二，国外发展经历了萌芽期、发展期和快速增长期且研究领域不断拓宽、文献数量仍在迅速增加，而国内经历了起步期、迅速增长期、缓慢下降期，文献数量增速放缓；第三，国外研究热点聚焦于“创客空间+技术孵化”“创客空间+教育”，而国内研究热点聚焦于“众创空间+教育服务”“众创空间+创新创业”“众创空间+绩效提升”；第四，国外研究的前沿方向是教育、硬件DIY、工程教学，国内则是生态系统、绩效评价、创新创业、高校众创空间等，但国内外研究都向众创空间的实践性结果迈进，最终目的都是服务于创新创业实践。 相似文献
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“众创空间”是创新2.0时代创新创业服务机构的集合式概念,是由创客空间、孵化器、加速器等组成的创新新创业服务生态系统。创新2.0时代,欧美国家正积极探索众创空间生态模式,逐渐建立起“创客空间+孵化器+智能化创新（Living Lab）”的垂直、多元化众创空间生态主体结构。相比之下,我国众创空间生态体系尚不健全,“孵化器”一元主导的结构模式明显,在众创空间发展模式、经营主体、功能绩效等方面与国外众创空间存在较大差距。创新2.0时代,我国应积极借鉴国外众创空间发展经验,布局社区化创客空间,建立创新创业智能化升级机制,延长创新创业服务链条,完善众创空间生态体系;积极推进创新创业服务机构市场化改革,发展创新创业服务中介组织,提升众创空间专业化水平,形成市场为主、政府为辅的多元化众创空间新形态,建立起中国特色的众创空间生态体系。 相似文献
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《内蒙古科技与经济》2021,(7)
阐述了创客空间的定义,介绍了美国大学创客空间的发展情况、分类及侧重点,提出:我国在促进大众创业万众创新的过程中,应借鉴美国大学创客空间经验,优化创客空间培育,依托现有资源,创新服务模式,推动创客空间高效发展。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献