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本文聚焦于后发企业追赶领先企业的行为，从创新方式和策略选择两个方面，选取颠覆性创新和柔性策略相关指标，采用定性比较分析（fsQCA）分析得出后发企业追赶领先企业的成功路径，并找到追赶路径中的核心条件和边缘条件。分析结果表明颠覆性创新对后发企业追赶领先企业有积极影响；采用柔性策略可以避免追赶过程中不必要的竞争，充分发挥企业创新优势；多元化创新方式和柔性策略交互作用下可以提高后发企业的核心竞争力，充分发挥企业创新优势。根据研究结果给出建议，寄希望为后发企业追赶提供理论支撑，提高后发企业追赶领先企业的成功率。 相似文献
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后发企业在追赶过程中如何选择最佳追赶时机、如何规避追赶陷阱、如何进行能力重构等问题一直是学界和业界关注的焦点。本文采用案例研究方法,通过剖析一家芯片企业过去15年间的成败得失,对上述问题进行逐一解答。研究发现：市场需求状况、市场分层结构、技术迭代速率、技术获取成本、产业分工体系、产业知识流动等时机因素在后发企业快速崛起和高速发展过程中发挥着重要的作用。研究还发现：组织惯性陷阱、创新范式陷阱、品牌低端化陷阱是后发企业在追赶过程中所面临的主要陷阱,企业要想规避上述陷阱,需要从组织学习、组织保障、创新协同、创新来源、品牌定位、品牌维护等方面寻求相应的对策和方案。上述研究发现丰富了现有后发追赶理论体系,同时,为处在探索和追赶之中的中国后发企业提供了宝贵的经验和借鉴。 相似文献
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核心技术与互补资产是后发追赶过程中两种不同的主导策略,后发企业往往面临两种策略如何选择与平衡的难题。本文通过海天塑机集团2001~2017年在全电动注塑机技术领域追赶的案例研究,发现后发企业由后二次创新向一次创新的超越追赶动态过程中,主导追赶策略经历了从核心技术到互补资产再到二者并重的演化;从组织双元视角看,在该过程中,企业经历了从探索与利用序列交替的间断型平衡模式向探索与利用共时进行的双元型平衡模式的转变。本文研究发现不仅揭示了后发企业从后二次创新向一次创新的超越追赶机制,同时深化了我们对后发追赶动态性的理解。 相似文献
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当前后发企业的技术寻求型的跨国并购发展迅速,然而并后成功实现整合并获得技术升级的企业并不多见,一直以来是困扰后发跨国企业的一大难题。本研究在二次创新理论的基础上构建了全球化进程中的动态演化模型,试图通过组织学习与组织合法性两个维度,解释后发跨国企业如何在跨国并购过程中实现技术能力的积累与提升。通过追踪研究中国民营车企吉利集团十余年内多次跨国并购行为,我们发现：吉利集团凭借三次螺旋上升的互补资产寻求型跨国并购,利用组织内外部合法性的杠杆效应,确保了并购后组织学习的有效性,正是通过这种全球二次创新的动态演进模式,吉利集团成功实现了后发者的追赶。 相似文献
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The recent policy debates about orientating research, technology and innovation policy towards societal challenges, rather than economic growth objectives only, call for new lines of argumentation to systematically legitimize policy interventions. While the multi-level perspective on long-term transitions has attracted quite some interest over the past years as a framework for dealing with long-term processes of transformative change, but the innovation systems approach is still the dominant perspective for devising innovation policy. Innovation systems approaches stress the importance of improving innovation capabilities of firms and the institutional settings to support them, but they are less suited for dealing with the strategic challenges of transforming systems of innovation, production and consumption, and thus with long-term challenges such as climate change or resource depletion. It is therefore suggested to consider insights from transition studies more prominently in a policy framework that is based on the innovation systems approach and the associated notion of ‘failures’. We propose a comprehensive framework that allows legitimizing and devising policies for transformative change that draws on a combination of market failures, structural system failures and transformational system failures. 相似文献
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Mei-Chih Hu 《Research Policy》2012,41(3):541-555
The study described herein uses US Patent and Trademark Office data to assess variations in technological innovation capabilities, and their influence on market performance, among leading TFT-LCD producers in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. The empirical results suggest that TFT-LCD producers in Korea and Taiwan built innovation capabilities by creating complementary knowledge for Japanese firms, whose technologies lead the way in the industry. The results also show that latecomers sought to expand production by selecting certain technological fields, but that they exploited these fields in different ways. Specifically, Korean conglomerates increased their scale of technology in order to improve their technological positions, while Taiwanese producers pursued innovations that strengthened their technological efficiency. While Japanese firms led the way in terms of both technology and market share during the 1990s, they then evolved to become merely technological leaders from 2000 onwards. However, Japanese firms have since renewed their business strategies to counter the aggressive market expansion of their competitors by strengthening the protection of their intellectual property rights through inter-keiretsu collaborations in technological niches, and by securing leadership in the market in high value-added key components in order to retain more of the profits from their own innovations. Four policy imperatives for both technology leading and latecomer countries regarding the development of sustainable industries associated with the industrial cycle and market dynamics are discussed. 相似文献
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Identification of innovating firms through technological innovation indicators: an application to the Spanish ceramic tile industry 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M.L Flor 《Research Policy》2004,33(2):323-336
The identification of technologically innovating firms is related to the development of indicators of their innovation activity. In this study, we carry out a review of indicators of firms’ technological innovation activity and then classify them according to whether they are based on inputs or outputs of the innovation process, and to the sources of the information they consider, whether primary or secondary. Their applicability as indicators of firm innovation is analyzed in the Spanish ceramic tile industry for the period from 1994 to 1996. From the results obtained we are able to conclude that the method based on direct information—self-assessment by managers—is more effective in identifying both product and process innovators. Within the set of methods based on secondary information, the literature-based innovation output (LBIO) method is the one which provides the best results when identifying product innovators alone. 相似文献
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Research on technological partnerships has traditionally sought explanation of their high failure rates in partner characteristics and relationship features. This study introduces the notion of a ‘bumpy road’ in technology partnerships which refers to undesired outcomes such as ‘partnership mal-functioning’ and ‘instability’ to the degree to which innovation activities are hampered. We explain how firm-level strategies can reduce the probability of a ‘bumpy road’ in partnerships. We also assess the impact of this ‘bumpy road’ on innovative performance. We find that firms that excel in diversification of external activities (in terms of different types of partners) perform best. Moreover, a persistent product oriented innovation strategy geared at developing new products, new markets, or higher product quality will yield more stable partnership outcomes. Our results confirm that engagement in partnerships is beneficial for innovative performance. However, firms that experienced a ‘bumpy road’ in their technological partnerships have to pay a price in terms of a negative effect on their innovative performance. 相似文献
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How top management team diversity affects innovativeness and performance via the strategic choice to focus on innovation fields 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Past innovation research has largely neglected potential effects of corporate governance issues on strategic choices, and thereby on innovation management outcomes. The theory of upper echelon implies that strategic choices result from idiosyncrasies of top management teams (TMT). Building on this theory, we hypothesize that TMT diversity enhances firm performance by facilitating an innovation strategy that increases the firm's new product portfolio innovativeness. Our findings support the relevance of considering a corporate governance view for explaining innovation outcomes. Empirically, we can show that TMT diversity has a strong impact on the strategic choice of firms to focus on innovation fields. Such focus then drives new product portfolio innovativeness and firm performance. As corporate governance arrangements thus seem relevant in the context of innovation management, we can derive implications for both policy makers and innovation researchers. 相似文献
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The literatures on ‘varieties of capitalism’ (VoC) and ‘national innovation systems’ (NIS) propose very similar arguments about how firms require different types of labour qualifications to pursue strategies of radical product innovation (RPI), incremental product innovation (IPI), and product imitation (PI) respectively. Despite their similar lines of reasoning, however, the VoC scholars are concerned with the skill profiles of a firm's entire workforce, whereas the NIS proponents focus on the knowledge base of scientists. Given that both literatures have developed without explicitly taking the arguments of the neighbouring discipline into account, it is thus unclear whether they explain the same, or different, phenomena. Furthermore, both literatures propose firm level arguments but test them on the basis of macro- rather than micro-level indicators. This paper therefore asks: first, does micro-level evidence support the VoC and NIS arguments that particular types of employee skills and knowledge backgrounds of scientists are needed for different competitive strategies? And, if so, do RPI, IPI, and PI firms need to employ scientists in combination with a workforce having the respective qualifications, or is it sufficient if scientists or employees alone are adequately qualified. Quantitative analyses indicate that a particular mix of scientific knowledge combined with employee skills facilitate RPI, IPI, and PI strategies. The article thus concludes that - despite their similar reasoning - the VoC and the NIS literatures indeed describe different phenomena, without being aware of the synergies created whenever adequate employee and scientific qualifications are hired together. 相似文献
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We examine innovation performance of firms in a transition economy from an ownership perspective. We focus specifically on the relationship between ownership structures and firm innovation performance. Drawing on data from 548 Chinese firms we find volume of patent registration to be most strongly influenced by foreign ownership in the firm along with firm affiliation within a business group. The influence of state and institutional ownership on innovation performance is positive but lagged. Contrary to expectations, insider ownership leads to lower innovation performance and concentrated ownership has no significant impact. Our study has two principal contributions. Firstly, we utilize a comprehensive treatment of ownership characteristics, overcoming weakness in previous studies that have used a more narrow focus on ownership type. Secondly, we contribute to understanding of how firms in transition economies build ‘indigenous’ capabilities for innovation by drawing attention to the interplay of foreign and domestic control of agents’ innovation. 相似文献
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In the defence industry the recent development of a ‘market for technology’, the creation of new European high-technology companies as well as transformations in government agencies have driven firms to reposition their technological and organizational skills. Our objective is to show that the transformations that have occurred in the past 10 years have not only redefined skills and the organization of production, but also have given a more strategic place to knowledge management (KM) practices. We provide a contextual and historical overview based on qualitative interviews, in order to better understand the relation between KM and innovative behaviour in this industry. We build an original industrial and technological database comprising various samples that provides quantitative information concerning KM and innovative practices. The results of the statistical analysis reveal the specificity of firms in this industry. Taking account of the size of these firms and their technological intensity, we show that the behaviour of defence industry firms in terms of KM practices, differs from that of other firms. This is evident from their technological performance, and innovation and patenting intensity. This structural tendency is explained as an innovative behaviour in the French national innovation system rather than merely a ‘trend’. 相似文献
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后发企业基于科学的创新机会研究 《科学学研究》2019,37(12):2284-2295
采用多案例研究方法,探索在后发企业参与下从科学发现到创新实现,再到创新扩散过程中基于科学的创新机会的动态演进规律,发现基于科学的机会的形成和发展来自外部环境因素和后发企业内部努力的共同作用,其经历了科学发现的机缘产生、参与新兴科学研究的机遇形成、创新机会创造、创新机会释放、新一轮科学发现的机缘产生五个阶段。创新机会在形成和发展过程中各阶段的不同形态和特征决定了后发企业在不同阶段相应的行动要点,其具有“节奏性”和“序贯性”的特点。研究表明,在基于科学的创新中后发企业要充分认识“抢占先机”对创新总体局势的决定性作用,并通过跨学科、跨应用领域的融通发展,深度挖掘“显性机会”释放的“潜在机会”。 相似文献
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后发企业赶超研究述评 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
东亚后发企业赶超的成功实践,使研究后发企业赶超成为国内外学者关注的热点和焦点。文章阐述了国内外学者在后发企业赶超的含义、机会、手段、路径和内外部条件等方面的相关研究,指出了后发企业要实现赶超需要选择合适的赶超路径,需要内外部条件的匹配和有效耦合,这种内外部条件的匹配是后发企业赶超的必要条件。最后对其进行了简要的评价,并结合当前后金融危机时代的特点,对广西等后发地区的企业提出了一些具体的建议。 相似文献
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面对范式转换开启的机会窗口和随之而来的高不确定性,后发者选择何种追赶路径更有可能赶超领先者?为回答这一问题,以新能源汽车发展引发的范式转换为背景,选取了我国市场上典型的汽车企业案例;然后,以比较企业优势观为理论基础,将新、旧范式下的技术和产品以及领先企业和后发企业纳入模型,经过研究辨识出三类追赶路径:渐进式、突进式和混合式。这些路径在实施方式、对企业具有比较企业优势和竞争优势的要求以及影响追赶成败的关键因素等方面均不相同。目前,我国企业实施的主要是渐进式和突进式追赶,然而,混合式追赶路径也应该成为我国企业,特别是大型国企的一个未来选择。 相似文献
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Michael Peneder 《Research Policy》2010,39(3):323-334
This paper presents an integrated set of innovation taxonomies for firms and sectors. It discards the practice of representing industries by some average behaviour, instead characterising them by the distribution of diverse innovation modes at the firm level. The theoretical focus is on (i) Schumpeter's distinction between ‘creative’ and ‘adaptive response’, and (ii) differences regarding technological opportunities, appropriability conditions and the cumulativeness of knowledge. Applying statistical cluster analysis, the empirical identification is based on the micro-data of the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) for 22 European countries. The final cluster validation highlights the simultaneous diversity and contingency of firm behaviour with distinct technological regimes exhibiting systematic differences in the distribution of heterogenous firms. 相似文献
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知识获取与后发企业技术能力提升——以汽车零部件产业为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
全球化竞争环境下,后发企业技术能力提升面临着新的挑战.在已有研究基础上,建立了技术能力提升及影响因素的分析框架,并选择了汽车零部件制造业进行了一手问卷调查和实证研究.研究扩展了针对中国技术制造业后发企业技术能力提升的认识,并对后发企业技术能力提升的实证分析方法进行了探讨.结论是:对汽车零部件产业而言,外部联系尚未成为创新能力提高的主要方式,企业的创新模式较封闭;内部的研究开发和正式的研发合作是提高能力的重要来源;企业规模也是影响企业创新能力的重要因素. 相似文献