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1.
机构知识库的长期保存问题探析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
分析机构库长期保存的必要性,总结机构库长期保存的目标与功能;介绍OAI保存模型,现有机构库长期保存服务框架和系统软件;最后对机构库长期保存存在的问题及趋势进行了详细阐述. 相似文献
2.
Because of its commitment to keeping the digital contents accessible, institutional repository plays an important role in the long-term preservation of intellectual output of the institution. However, digital preservation in institutional repository is faced with severe legal issues, especially the intellectual property problems. This paper focuses on the copyright issues involved with long-term preservation of digital resource in institutional repositories. It begins with a brief introduction to the relationship between the institutional repository and digital preservation. Based on this background information, the paper analyzes the related laws and regulations in China that affect the long-term preservation of digital resource in institutional repository. Then the authors discuss in details what kind of the copyright risk there may be, if we realize the long-term preservation of digital resource in institutional repositories. There may be different legal hazards, according to the various types of the digital output collected by institutional repository. The paper ends up with several suggestions to avoid the legal risk in digital preservation of institutional repository. Firstly, to utilize fair use is a feasible way. Secondly, also most safely, is to get the permission from the copyright owner. This is involved in the long-term preservation contract and open license. 相似文献
3.
开放环境下数字信息资源服务正发生着深刻变化：服务提供者向多元化发展,新型服务项目不断涌现,信息服务渗透用户信息活动全过程并逐步向知识服务转型等。为了更好地把握和预测数字信息资源服务的发展趋势,文章从资源发现、获取、利用、保存等方面,总结出八种开放环境下数字信息资源的服务模式,包括“一站式”资源发现服务模式、全文获取服务模式、数据管理服务模式、开放共享服务模式、知识服务模式、社群信息服务模式、移动信息服务模式、长期保存服务模式等。 相似文献
4.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(64):125-137
Summary As a land-grant research university without a geography or cartography department, Washington State University Libraries present a unique organizational context for the adoption of GIS services. The authors consider the implementation of GIS services at the Washington State University Libraries, particularly at the Holland/New Library, which originated from an ARL/GIS Literacy Grant in 1992. The authors cover the following topics in the development of the service: Historical Background, System Architecture, Project Issues and Service Provision, Reference Services Policies, Current Implementation and Related Campus-Wide Issues, and Future Agenda. The services offered were essentially at a minimum level, that is, only providing limited access to government and commercial geospatial data using Arc View and Landview software. The approach to GIS in reference work has been to view it as a specialized service within a standard reference framework very similar to the computer-mediated searching programs of the past. Future plans for GIS services include shifting from a single desktop workstation to a system-wide network access to spatial data and maintaining a centralized repository for all spatial data whether purchased commercially or developed in-house. 相似文献
5.
机构仓储及其在数字图书馆服务中的应用模式研究 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
简要介绍机构仓储的概念、产生动因和相关软件。在分析国外众多机构仓储实例的基础上,归纳出机构仓储在数字图书馆服务中的6种应用模式并指出其对国内数字图书馆建设具有的借鉴意义。指出通过机构仓储在学术交流、数字长期保存、教学等领域的应用,数字图书馆的服务内容更加丰富,图书馆职能也会得到改善。 相似文献
6.
Paul Conway 《Archival Science》2011,11(3-4):293-309
Digital archives accept and preserve digital content for long-term use. Increasingly, stakeholders are creating large-scale digital repositories to ingest surrogates of archival resources or digitized books whose intellectual value as surrogates may exceed that of the original sources themselves. Although digital repository developers have expended significant effort to establish the trustworthiness of repository procedures and infrastructures, relatively little attention has been paid to the quality and usefulness of the preserved content itself. In situations where digital content has been created by third-party firms, content quality (or its absence in the form of unacceptable error) may directly influence repository trustworthiness. This article establishes a conceptual foundation for the association of archival quality and information quality research. It outlines a research project that is designed to develop and test measures of quality for digital content preserved in HathiTrust, a large-scale preservation repository. The research establishes methods of measuring error in digitized books at the data, page, and volume level and applies the measures to statistically valid samples of digitized books, adjusting for inter-coder inconsistencies and the effects of sampling strategies. The research findings are then validated with users who conform to one of four use-case scenarios: reading online, printing on demand, data mining, and print collection management. The paper concludes with comments on the implications of assessing archival quality within a digital preservation context. 相似文献
7.
针对急剧膨胀的大数据家族由原先单纯的结构数据异化成半结构化、非结构化数据这一现象,论文阐述了高校图书馆移动服务的三阶段及所承担的任务,给出了现阶段高校图书馆移动服务引导保存机制的策略：移动服务模式的创新带动＂保存机制＂和＂移动汲取＂的互动;二维模式静态知识的罐装和多维模式动态智慧的价值利用二者相辅相成,并指出必须建立泛在化的保存机制才能更好地推动碎片化的移动服务,实现图书馆的智慧存在。 相似文献
8.
对ResCarta工具包进行深入研究,基于ResCarta工具包对数字对象按照METS标准、MODS标准进行标引,建立ResCarta数字仓储,提供本地数字对象检索、浏览服务,通过与OAI收割系统集成,为远端OAI服务提供方提供以OAI-PMH协议收割元数据并通过标识符链接访问对象数据的服务。 相似文献
9.
Jordan W. Smith William S. Slocumb Charlynne Smith Jason Matney 《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2015,11(2):226-244
Many federal agencies face challenges with designing geospatial data management systems. This paper presents and documents a needs-assessment process that can be employed to prioritize agencies’ geospatial information needs; identify agencies’ capacity to manage a centralized geodatabase; determine agencies’ capacity to deliver Web-mapping services to the public; and identify barriers, such as data security and limited financial resources, that constrain agencies’ ability to design and manage a geospatial data management system. The paper details the needs-assessment process and documents its application to the National Park Service (NPS) Conservation and Outdoor Recreation (COR) Branch programs. The NPS COR Branch is comprised of nine disparate programs, such as the National Trails System and the Rivers, Trails, and Conservation Assistance program, each of which has specific geospatial data management and delivery needs. The needs-assessment process, tested through its application to the NPS COR Branch programs, provides a comprehensive and logical workflow for system developers and administrators to use as they create or refine geospatial data management systems. 相似文献
10.
11.
[目的/意义] 缺乏科学数据元数据知识与高效易用的元数据创建服务阻碍了科研人员科学数据的共享与重用,综合型科学数据仓储因数据存储量大、面向用户广,其所提供的元数据创建服务对改善上述困境具有借鉴意义。[方法/过程] 以Springer Nature和Scientific Data推荐的6个综合型科学数据仓储为样本,从服务的内容构成与服务的实现模式两个方面对其元数据创建服务进行调研分析,归纳其服务特点与先进经验。[结果/结论] 综合型科学数据仓储所提供的元数据创建服务具有沿袭传统并有所创新、力求简洁并凸显自身特色、重视元数据知识普及与能力转化、充分保证数据民主、注重关联资源组织并鼓励数据引用五大特点,其服务模式既重视服务的易用性、有用性又注重元数据知识普及,对我国图情机构数据仓储建设及元数据创建服务开展具有重要启示和借鉴意义。 相似文献
12.
Awalin Sopan Angela Song-Ie Noh Sohit Karol Paul Rosenfeld Ginnah Lee Ben Shneiderman 《Government Information Quarterly》2012
Trillions of dollars are spent each year on health care. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services keeps track of a variety of health care indicators across the country, resulting in a large geospatially multivariate data set. Current visualization tools for such data sets make it difficult to make multivariate comparisons and show the geographic distribution of the selected variables at the same time. Community Health Map is a web application that enables users to visualize health care data in multivariate space as well as geospatially. It is designed to aid exploration of this huge data repository and deliver deep insights for policy makers, journalists, consumer groups, and academic researchers. Users can visualize the geospatial distribution of a given variable on an interactive map, and compare two or more variables using charts and tables. By employing dynamic query filters, visualizations can be narrowed down to specific ranges and regions. Our presentation to policy makers and pilot usability evaluation suggest that the Community Health Map provides a comprehensible and powerful interface for policy makers to visualize health care quality, public health outcomes, and access to care in an effort to help them to make informed decisions about improving health care. 相似文献
13.
国外机构知识库运行模式分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过总结国外一些成功机构知识库的发展经验,对国外机构知识库建设运行时所牵涉的资金来源、实施对象、内容获取、知识产权、数字保存、服务模式等具体方面进行分析,并在此基础上,对国内机构知识库的建设运行提出两点建议。 相似文献
14.
As geospatial missions age, one of the challenges for the usability of data is the availability of relevant and updated metadata with sufficient documentation that can be used by future generations of users to gain knowledge from the original data. Given that remote sensing data undergo many intermediate processing steps, for example, an understanding of the exact algorithms employed and the quality of that data produced could be key considerations for these users. As interest in global climate data is increasing, documentation about older data, their origins, and their provenance are valuable to first-time users attempting to perform historical climate research or comparative analysis of global change. Incomplete or missing documentation could be what stands in the way of a new researcher attempting to use the data. Therefore, preservation of documentation and related metadata is sometimes just as critical as the preservation of the original observational data. The Goddard Earth Sciences–Data and Information Service Center (GES DISC), a NASA Earth science Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) that falls under the management structure of the Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS), is actively pursuing the preservation of all necessary artifacts needed by future users.In this article, we will detail the data custodial planning and the data lifecycle process developed for content preservation, and our implementation of a Preservation System to safeguard documents and associated artifacts from legacy (older) missions, as well as detail lessons learned regarding access rights and confidentiality of information issues. We also elaborate on key points that made our preservation effort successful; the primary points being drafting of a governing baseline for historical data preservation from satellite missions and using the historical baseline as a guide to content filtering of what documents to preserve. The Preservation System currently archives documentation content for High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS), Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS), Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) mission data, and the 1960s era Nimbus mission. Documentation from other missions like the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), and the Atmospheric Infra-Red Sounder (AIRS) are also slated to be added to this repository, as well as other mission datasets to be preserved at the GES DISC. 相似文献
15.
As a growing number of disciplines adopt geospatial technologies in their research, the need for access to geospatial data, in a variety of formats, has grown dramatically. For librarians to meet this demand, we also need to provide preservation, curation, metadata, and discovery services. GeoHydra, our open source toolkit and set of practices, provides these services for Stanford's libraries. We incorporate a variety of geospatial content types from raster imagery to scientific vector data to georeferenced scanned maps, and provide a data model for repositories. We demonstrate the potential of a new architecture and practice for librarianship for geospatial data using the Hydra framework. The digitization and georeferencing of historic map collections, streamlining the acquisition and cataloging of vendor-supplied data, shared cataloging of geographic resources, and citation of geospatial research data are all examples of use cases that GeoHydra serves. Our metadata creation and management strategies implement the ISO (International Standards Organization) suite of geographic standards, and a specialized metadata schema for discovery. We developed XSLT transformations, auto-generation of core elements, unique URIs for place names, and cross-institutional data sharing. With these metadata we built a novel geoportal, EarthWorks, to provide end-user discovery for geospatial data layers using GeoBlacklight technology. 相似文献
16.
Nicole Ningning Kong 《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2015,11(2):207-225
Due to the exponential growth of spatial information, effective management and curation of geospatial data has become a central concern for GIS libraries. Although geospatial data are often generated based on a set of well-established standards and protocols, best management practices in geospatial data services are still limited. In this paper, the authors review the common challenges of geospatial data management and curation, which include the application of big data, the emergence of Web GIS, and the advancement of cyberinfrastructures. A spatial education project is used as an example to discuss potential best management practices to address these challenges. It is demonstrated that librarians need to be involved at the early stage of a research project and work closely with researchers at all stages of the data life cycle for effective data management. With early involvement of a GIS librarian in the full project development process, all three challenges can be addressed by using best management practices in organizing, managing, publishing, distributing, and preserving the geospatial data. 相似文献
17.
Large-scale outsourcing of information technology in the U.K. public sector – the NHS, the Inland Revenue, and the Department of Social Security over the years – raises a number of critical issues not just for how outsourcing can be conducted in public sector contexts but also about the efficacy of such arrangements in terms of enforcement of democratic values. We argue that marketization's target may well be bureaucracy, but the organizational form is a repository for democratic, civic, and public service values that can be eroded through how outsourcing has been conducted. The call for a reevaluation and the case for a distinctive public services management ethos are made if such values as equality, impartiality, communal good and public service are to be pursued and delivered. Selective outsourcing is revealed as effective – together with much needed rebuilding of internal capabilities – in keeping control of IT destiny, delivering on public service requirements, and managing external supply. The U.K. experience, we suggest, provides salutary learning for public services in other developed economies. 相似文献
18.
The University of Florida GeoPlan Center has been organizing, standardizing, and distributing geospatial data since 1998 through the Florida Geographic Data Library (FGDL), a collection of Florida geospatial data from various agencies, as well as data developed in-house. With funding from the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), FGDL serves as a public distribution mechanism for hundreds of Florida geospatial data layers. Since 2004, FGDL layers have formed the data foundation for FDOT's interagency application known as efficient transportation decision making (ETDM), which facilitates the review and permitting process for proposed transportation projects. Data layers are standardized and inspected to ensure that the data are adequate for use in analysis and decision making. To efficiently manage the geospatial data and workflows, a quality assurance/quality control (QAQC) process and relational database schema was developed to track the standardization procedures, lineage, versioning, and archiving of the data layers. This article details the history of the Florida Geographic Data Library, challenges of managing a large geospatial data repository, development of a QAQC process and database schema, and lessons learned. 相似文献
19.
机构知识库发展的动力机制与动力模型研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
在分析不同学者对机构知识库内涵界定的基础上,提出机构知识库是对机构内成员智力产品进行收集、存储、管理并提供开放利用的知识传播与知识服务系统,探讨了机构知识库发展的六大动力因素,即长期保管与存取数字资产的需求、开放获取运动、科学信息与知识的共享及创新、数字化信息技术与标准、机构主体以及理论与实践进展,并分析了机构知识库发展动力因素互动机理,构建了机构知识库发展动力模型。 相似文献
20.
大数据时代已经来临,高校图书馆应抓住机遇,开展数据分析、数据挖掘业务,寻找规律,提高服务水平;提供嵌入式服务,为学院教师提供科研数据;建设机构知识库,为高校监管科学数据;拓宽服务范围,走出图书馆,为企业提供大数据监管、分析服务。参考文献8。 相似文献