共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
通过文献资料法、访谈法和问卷调查法等,对海南省10所中学排球运动队进行调查与分析。结果显示：海南省中学排球运动队运动员参加训练的主要动机是为了升学,“学训矛盾”严重影响了运动员训练的积极性;运动员的训练时间基本符合中学生训练要求．参加高水平比赛的次数较少．竞技水平得不到进一步提高;教练员带队年限较短,科研能力较低;学校训练经费不足．场地器材落后;运动队宣传、医务监督严重缺失;针对其中的若干总是提出相应的建议。 相似文献
2.
一、竞技参赛准备的意义(一)比赛对运动员的特殊要求初次或不经常参加体育比赛的选手都有这样的体验:平时训练很好,但是一到比赛就发挥不出来,于是,开始怀疑自己是"训练型"选手。实际上,这种现象的出现和训练与比赛这2种活动的差异有关。与训练相比,比赛复杂得多,涉及因素较广。有研究提出,影响运动员成绩的因素多达100多种。刘建和(1990)认为,影响比赛过程的因素是极其庞大而复杂的,粗略分析,包括如下几大类:运动员的竞技能力及其表现;教练员的指挥艺术;比赛环境(包括场地器材、气候地理、观众气氛等);裁判员的道德水平和业务水平;比赛的组织与管理工作等。 相似文献
3.
采用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法及数据统计法对广东省大学生运动会定向越野赛部分参赛运动员进行调查研究,发现在定向越野比赛中影响运动员读图能力的主要因素有运动负荷、心理、体能及对地图的认识这四个方面。通过对影响运动员读图能力进行因子分析,为定向越野训练提供理论依据。 相似文献
4.
5.
通过问卷调查法、文献资料法和分析法等,对高校体育教育专业开展《定向运动》课程进行探讨。结果得出高校开课优势有：学生的体能与技能基础、良好的兴趣、当前国内外各种“定向运动”比赛的出现以及田径课程出现的危机等。其制约因素是：领导的认识不足、授课时间的限制、场地器材的不足和教师自身业务水平低下等原因。并提出如下发展对策：培养专业的教师队伍,并做好授课时间规划;改善行政领导对定向运动的认识;克服场地器材对定向运动的限制;适当增加定向运动赛事。 相似文献
6.
随着国家对体育运动发展支持力度的加大,民俗体育项目得以迅速发展,其中龙舟运动在成为全国竞技运动正式比赛项目后,逐渐在高校发展并具有较大规模。但是竞技龙舟运动在训练或比赛中易导致体育风险事故的发生,或给学生的身心和财产带来严重的损失。本文主要采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、帕累托分析法等研究方法,以高校竞技龙舟运动风险因素为研究对象,以高校竞技龙舟运动员、教练员、裁判员为调查对象,对其龙舟运动的风险情况进行调查与分析,运用帕累托分析法进行数据分析,找出高校竞技龙舟运动风险的主次风险因素,提出对高校竞技龙舟运动的风险防范对策。得出以下结论:(1)高校竞技龙舟运动的主要风险为组织管理因素风险、场地器材因素风险、运动员自身因素风险和教练员的影响因素风险;其他因素风险为次要风险;裁判员的影响因素风险为一般风险。(2)组织管理因素风险主要表现在赛区组织、运动员管理、学校管理方面;场地环境因素风险主要集中在自然环境、龙舟场地、龙舟器材方面;运动员自身因素风险主要体现在运动员的行为活动、心理、知能技能方面。(3)无法去控制体育运动自身不可避免的风险,但可以因地制宜地应对风险,运用预防控制法、风险规避法、风险转移法进行针对各类风险的防范。 相似文献
7.
采用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法,对福建省女子篮球运动的现状进行调查分析。结果表明:省内女子篮球竞赛环境差,地区间发展不平衡;教练员训练方法陈旧,缺乏创新与发展,身体条件好的运动员缺乏,参加高级别培训和执裁高水平比赛的裁判员少;坚持系统训练的队伍少;经费缺乏,场地器材差;培养体制和赛制不够灵活。并就制约福建女篮运动发展的因素,提出相应的对策。 相似文献
8.
9.
为研究精英与非精英定向运动员的战术水平,以2006年浙江省学生定向锦标赛大学男乙、中学男乙、大学女乙、中学女乙共4个组别,每个组别精英和非精英运动员各8名为研究对象,通过在定向比赛中所采用定向战术的问卷调查和利用电子打卡系统比较比赛开始、中间、最后三个阶段的相对速度,分析执行比赛战术情况。结果显示有3个组别精英与非精英定向运动员在使用定向战术时没有明显区别;运动员取得成绩不同与运动员在全赛程的体能和保持速度的能力有关;绝大多数运动员在比赛中采用全程稳定战术,增加相对速度在比赛中有重要意义;电子打卡系统能清楚地分析全部赛程的时间情况,是定向运动的教学与训练的有效工具。 相似文献
10.
11.
This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
12.
Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
13.
14.
重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
15.
本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
16.
对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
17.
18.
影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩. 相似文献
19.
Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
20.
结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。 相似文献