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《Research Policy》2022,51(4):104484
Although citations are widely used to measure the influence of scientific works, research shows that many citations serve rhetorical functions and reflect little-to-no influence on the citing authors. If highly cited papers disproportionately attract rhetorical citations then their citation counts may reflect rhetorical usefulness more than influence. Alternatively, researchers may perceive highly cited papers to be of higher quality and invest more effort into reading them, leading to disproportionately substantive citations. We test these arguments using data on 17,154 randomly sampled citations collected via surveys from 9,380 corresponding authors in 15 fields. We find that most citations (54%) had little-to-no influence on the citing authors. However, citations to the most highly cited papers were 2–3 times more likely to denote substantial influence. Experimental and correlational data show a key mechanism: displaying low citation counts lowers perceptions of a paper's quality, and papers with poor perceived quality are read more superficially. The results suggest that higher citation counts lead to more meaningful engagement from readers and, consequently, the most highly cited papers influence the research frontier much more than their raw citation counts imply. 相似文献
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运用动态网络分析法,以CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)中2017年综合指数排名前五的学者为核心构建的科研合作网络为研究对象,以2006—2017年间学者们参与的国内期刊论文为数据样本,构建含期刊论文影响因子权重的合著网络和关键词网络,从网络总体结构、整体属性和个体属性三个层面系统揭示不同领域高绩效科研合作网络潜在的共性特征,并按照时间段划分探究其演化规律。研究结果表明,高绩效科研合作网络具有整体规模大、平均聚类系数高、平均路径长度小、研究人员与关键词流动数目大等特点。以上研究结果可映射出实际的科研合作网络所具备的特征,对揭示高绩效科研合作网络隐含的共性特征具有理论意义,可为人事管理部门和科研人员对于协同创新战略规划、组织引导机制、管理制度创新等措施的出台提供科学依据。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(10):104606
In this paper, we address the question of ‘Why do firms publish scientific papers?’. Research examining the competitive advantages that firms accrue from investment in R&D has provided evidence that such efforts can be associated with the voluntary disclosure of research findings in scientific publications. This form of scientific openness occurs despite potentially undermining the value-capturing process by generating knowledge spillovers and hindering the use of other instruments for protecting intellectual property (patents and secrecy). Our understanding of what leads firms to engage in scientific publishing remains relatively limited, however. We address this gap by presenting a systematic review of 164 studies examining firm publishing. We then develop a conceptual framework that outlines five incentives for firms to engage in publishing: (i) accessing external knowledge and resources; (ii) attracting and retaining researchers; (iii) supporting IP strategies; (iv) building the firm's reputation; and (v) supporting commercialization strategies. Mechanisms that relate incentives to publish to firms' major stakeholders – i.e. academia, industry, investors, users, and institutions – are also outlined in the framework. We conclude by setting out an agenda for future research. 相似文献
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朱丽君 《科学技术与辩证法》2009,26(2):43-48
牛顿的科学研究方法在许多方面都具有修辞学的意义：他所运用的实验方法是一种给出可信结论的劝导工具,他所运用的数学方法是一种促使受众信服的论证方式,他对其科学论著的修辞学改造是一种推进科学交流与传播的有效途径。所以,牛顿的科学研究方法体现了修辞学的特征,也发挥了修辞学的作用。 相似文献
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本文以SCI被引次数作为论文质量的评价指标,从合作方式、合作方、合作学科三个角度,采用期望、频率比和相关性方法分析了科研合作对论文质量的影响。总体来看,华东理工大学的国际合作论文质量要远高于国内合作和无合作论文,而国内合作论文略微优于无合作论文,但不同学院的情况有所不同。合作国家或合作机构影响着合作论文的质量,科研实力强的合作伙伴确实能提高合作论文的质量,但是与合作方的整体科研实力并不成正比。交叉学科间的合作对中低质量的论文产出有积极影响,但对高质量论文的产出影响却因学科而不同。 相似文献
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首先，调查了撤稿观察数据库（RWD）中截至2022年5月21日因“缺伦理审批”或“无患者知情同意”科技伦理失范（EMSR）论文的发表及撤回（包括撤稿、关注、更正）时间、署名作者来源国家及机构、来源期刊及出版商、学科分布及相关撤回原因等状况；结果显示，近年来全球EMSR原因撤回论文呈上升趋势，且中国作者参与的数量增加明显，95.35%的EMSR撤回论文集中在健康科学和基础生命科学领域。其次，结合科技伦理问题呈现的多样性和复杂性，提出了强化科研活动全流程科技伦理监管策略；最后，作为期刊人，从压实主体责任的视角，提出了科技期刊参与科技伦理协同治理的思考和建议：科技期刊可通过对科研者的伦理宣传教育、投稿论文的协同伦理审查把关以及撤稿惩戒等手段发挥协同共治的作用。 相似文献
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《普罗米修斯》2012,30(3):215-233
Honesty in scientific publication is critical for scientific advancement, but dishonesty is commonly and increasingly observed in misconduct and other questionable practices. Focusing on dishonest conformity in peer review, in which authors unwillingly obey referees’ instructions in order to have their papers accepted even if the instructions contradict the authors’ scientific belief, the current study aims to investigate the determinants of dishonesty. Drawing on survey data of Japanese life scientists, this study shows that the conflict between authors and referees in peer review is common. A majority of scientists follow referees’ instructions rather than refute them. The results suggest that conformity occurs more frequently (1) in biology than in medicine and agriculture, (2) when authors are in strong scientific competition, (3) if authors are associate professors rather than full professors, (4) if authors have no foreign research experience, and (5) in low-impact journals rather than in medium-impact journals. 相似文献
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【目的】探讨异地终审会提高科技期刊学术质量和影响力的效果。【方法】 2015年4-6月,在总结《中国实用妇科与产科杂志》8年来异地终审会效果的基础上,通过查阅既往文献,比较异地终审会与本地终审会的差异,以及异地终审会在提高期刊学术质量及影响力方面的优势。【结果】与本地终审会相比,异地终审会专家学科知识涵盖更全面,可减小审稿的地域局限性;减轻本地编委终审压力,调动异地编委审稿积极性;更加强了编辑部与编委的沟通和联系;扩大了期刊的学术质量和影响力,提高了被引频次和影响因子。【结论】异地终审会可以达到提高期刊学术质量和影响力的目的。 相似文献
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Tupasela A 《Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)》2007,16(1):63-78
Despite recent evidence that suggests that knowledge production within the medical community is increasingly based on knowledge-making coalitions or what some have called the co-production of knowledge, there remains a strong expert led policy agenda in many countries in relation to human genome research. This article reports on the role of experts in defining the scope of discussion in relation to the biomedical use of human tissue sample collections or biobanks in Finland using the case of the Genome Information Center. It is argued that the rhetorical strategies should not be understood simply as subversive tactics, but rather as ways of engaging the public within particular contexts of creating commercial expectations and visions which are easier to negotiate from a policy perspective. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]“以刊评文”现象长期根植于我国的科技评价中,在破除“四唯”,回归科学研究本源属性背景下,研究其局限、本质,客观对待“以刊评文”具有重要意义。[方法/过程]在分析“以刊评文”存在的问题与产生原因的基础上,建立期刊级别与研究水平的用户画像,论证了“以刊评文”的本质,并建立论文评价的比较框架,讨论了小样本论文比较、同级别大样本论文比较、同级别小样本与大样本论文比较、大样本下论文跨级别比较问题。[结果/结论]大样本情况下论文发表期刊的平均质量可以代表作者水平;机构评价时应该“以刊评文”为主、同行评议为辅;人才评价应该以同行评议为主、“以刊评文”为辅;“以刊评文”能够评价科研规模而代表作评价只能评价科研质量。 相似文献
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破“四唯”后如何立“新标”，这是当前科技评价改革的热点和难点问题，迫切需要有好的理论和方法支撑。对此，文章主要针对科研人员成果评价提出BRIDGE理论，即将要“破”的以SCI论文为主的量化评价中合理的要素结合进要“立”的以同行评议为主的“新标”里，从而架起了定量分析与定性评价之间的“桥梁”。BRIDGE理论的实际应用表达为“六步法”；其中，第二步（ recode）与第三步（ insight）两个关键步骤实现了以定量分析为基础的分层的专家评议。BRIDGE理论是对定量定性相结合评价理论与方法的重要发展，应用前景广泛。 相似文献
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科技论文学术水平评估 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
为了更科学合理地评估科技论文的学术水平，从多个角度分析总结出一套科技论文学术水平综合评价指标体系，该体系分为2个层次，共19项指标组成，并采用主成分分析法提取影响科技论文学术水平的主要因素并计算各因素的权重，以求得出科技论文学术水平的综合得分，给科研管理部门提供了一种新的能够较科学、客观、公平地评价科技论文学术水平的具体操作方法。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]对比分析相同主题的不同类型科学文献的使用行为，利用用户学术行为数据全面测评学术论文影响力。[方法/过程]基于Web of Science数据库中学术论文使用次数，分析比较不同学科文献的使用差异。从文献使用入手，收集2013-2017年3D打印领域的论文数据，以化学、工程文献为对比分析对象，从论文的学科视角分析使用次数与被引频次之间的相关性，分析高使用与高引用（Top 10%）论文的重合文献，探测文献使用差异，并进行独立样本T检验。[结果/结论]U1与被引次数成微弱正相关，U2与被引次数显著性相关；两学科的科学论文在使用上存在统计学意义上的显著差异，可能原因是不同学科学者的文献使用行为不同。此外，文献类型对使用次数有影响，综述类文献信息量较为丰富，从而可以获得更多的使用、引用。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2023,60(6):103477
Open Science initiatives prompt machine learning (ML) researchers and experts to share source codes - "scientific artifacts" - alongside research papers via public repositories such as GitHub. Here we analyze the extent to which 1) the availability of GitHub repositories influences paper citation and 2) the popularity trend of ML frameworks (e.g., PyTorch and TensorFlow) affects article citation rates. To accomplish this, we connect ML research publications indexed by Papers with Code (PwC) to Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) and collect repository-level metadata using the GitHub API. Applying nearest-neighbor matching and econometric considerations, we estimate that papers enjoy approximately 20% advantages in monthly citation rates after the creation of the first GitHub repositories, accounting for paper-level fixed effects and ages. We also find that the temporal popularity trends for frameworks used in the first associated repositories could influence the monthly citation rate for papers. The results highlight the importance of technological artifacts and infrastructure latent to the diffusion of research. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]研究“睡美人”文献的识别方法,对尽早发现重要科技成就及其发明人、加快科技成果转化以及完善学术评价方法等均具有重要意义。[方法/过程]针对高校学术论文成果评价这一特定场景,提出“先客观指标粗筛、后多维参数细选”的研究思路,组合使用K值算法和三指标法,对东北大学发表于Web of Science核心合集的论文样本集进行了“睡美人”文献挖掘的实证研究。[结果/结论]该方法共识别出12篇“睡美人”文献,并对其被引特征、期刊特征、睡眠特征、内容特征等因素进行了分析。实获数据处理结果表明了该方法的有效性,相关研究方法和结果可对东北大学学术论文评价提供重要参考。 相似文献
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Coutinho M 《Social studies of science》1999,29(4):519-549
Periphral countries are at a disadvantage with respect to the construction of scientific knowledge, which is mostly carried out by a small number of traditional core loci countries. However, in a few cases, groups of scientists are able to break through exclusion barriers. Sometimes they tackle relevant issues, share values and procedures with core loci representatives, and take part in heated controversies: in short, they participate in the construction of legitimate science. These scientists form centers of excellence in scientifically marginal countries. In this paper, contextual conditions involving the emergence, establishment and decline of such enterprises are discussed, on the basis of examples drawn from the history of Chagas disease (Cd). In this history, we see a major discovery established, deconstructed and re-established. Quantitative analyses of publication on CD over 70 years show the relation between the choice of different types of journals and methodological approaches, and the legitimation strategies adopted by different groups of practitioners. It also shows the outcomes of such strategies in terms of production concentration, emergence of new authors and growth of institutional work. This story shows that it is important for the pioneers to establish a different intellectual culture in their local environment. Unless they do so, and gain its acceptance among their immediate colleagues, the enterprise cannot preserve its status as a centre of excellence. 相似文献
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运用文献资料等方法,对近15年（1999-2013）发表在核心期刊上的篮球教学科研论文进行研究。结果表明院论文数量总体呈波浪式平稳发展趋势;体育核心与非体育核心载文量比为31;高等院校是我国篮球教学科研主力军;作者地域分布不均衡;研究内容呈现不平衡,研究集中在教学手段与方法、教学模式、教学理论、教学现状方面;与多学科交叉研究的成果较少。 相似文献
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The paper attempts to provide an alternative method for measuring the importance of scientific papers based on the Google’s PageRank. The method is a meaningful extension of the common integer counting of citations and is then experimented for bringing PageRank to the citation analysis in a large citation network. It offers a more integrated picture of the publications’ influence in a specific field. We firstly calculate the PageRanks of scientific papers. The distributional characteristics and comparison with the traditionally used number of citations are then analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the PageRank is implemented in the evaluation of research influence for several countries in the field of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology during the time period of 2000–2005. Finally, some advantages of bringing PageRank to the citation analysis are concluded. 相似文献