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1.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(4):101742
Literature shows there is a growing interest in studies involving Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the public sector; and while there is evidence of many governmental initiatives that have been established to harness the power of AI, empirical research on the topic and evidence-based insights are rather lacking. The aim of this Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence for Data-Driven Decision-Making and Governance in Public Affairs is to extend both the theoretical and practical boundaries of AI research in the public sector in order to improve governmental decision-making and governance, thus enhancing public value creation. The papers in this special issue focus on AI risks and guidelines, AI governance, the risks of governmental implementation of AI to citizens' privacy, increasing citizen satisfaction through AI-enabled government services, the enablers and challenges of AI implementation in specific public sectors, and using AI to study political opinion. These papers not only advance our knowledge and understanding of the use of AI in government and public governance, but they also help to set out a renewed research agenda. Future research should, among other things, focus on inter- and multi-disciplinary empirical studies that call for the collaboration of a variety of stakeholders; on the longitudinal dynamics of creating public value through the breadth and depth of AI assimilation; and on the investigation of the ethical challenges (particularly data privacy) in AI implementation. 相似文献
2.
新技术环境下的智库情报服务创新研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着5G技术、区块链技术、大数据、人工智能和物联网等技术的发展,智库机构积极借助新兴信息技术创新情报工作流程和情报服务方法,对于提升智库影响力和传播力而言具有重要意义。文章探讨了新技术的发展给传统智库机构带来的挑战,提出了新技术环境下的智库情报服务创新体系,指出:①智库应当积极应用大数据技术、物联网技术和人工智能等新兴信息技术,提升智库的数据驱动发现情报研究需求的能力;②采用大数据技术挖掘分析海量数据资源;③利用专家系统提升决策的效率;④基于区块链技术构建智库信息资源协同与共享平台;⑤借助移动互联网和智能可穿戴设备为专家的研究活动提供支撑;⑥基于用户画像为用户推送智库研究成果等。 相似文献
3.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(1):101774
Artificial Intelligence (AI) implementation in public administration is gaining momentum heralded by the hope of smart public services that are personalised, lean, and efficient. However, the use of AI in public administration is riddled with ethical tensions of fairness, transparency, privacy, and human rights. We call these AI tensions. The current literature lacks a contextual and processual understanding of AI adoption and diffusion in public administration to be able to explore such tensions. Previous studies have outlined risks, benefits, and challenges with the use of AI in public administration. However, a large gap remains in understanding AI tensions as they relate to public value creation. Through a systematic literature review grounded in public value management and the resource-based view of the firms, we identify technology-organisational-environmental (TOE) contextual variables and absorptive capacity as factors influencing AI adoption as discussed in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first paper that outlines distinct AI tensions from an AI implementation and diffusion perspective within public administration. We develop a future research agenda for the full AI innovation lifecycle of adoption, implementation, and diffusion. 相似文献
4.
Atreyi Kankanhalli Yannis Charalabidis Sehl Mellouli 《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(2):304-309
The Internet of things (IoT) is the network of objects/things that contain electronics, software, sensors, and actuators, which allows these things to connect, interact, and exchange data. The users, sensors, and networks generate huge amounts of data from which governments can develop applications and gain knowledge using Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Thus, IoT and AI can enable the development of valuable services for citizens, businesses, and public agencies, in multiple domains, such as transportation, energy, healthcare, education, and public safety. This guest editorial for the special issue on IoT and AI for Smart Government, identifies the challenges involved in implementing and adopting these technologies in the public sector, and proposes a comprehensive research framework, which includes both IoT and AI elements for smart government transformation. Subsequently, the editorial provides a brief introduction of the six papers in this special issue. Finally, an agenda for future research on IoT and AI for smart government is presented, based on the proposed framework and gaps in existing literature, supported by the papers that were submitted to this special issue. The agenda comprises four directions i.e., conducting domain-specific studies, going beyond adoption studies to examine implementation and evaluation of these technologies, focusing on specific challenges and thus quick wins, and expanding the existing set of research methods and theoretical foundations used. 相似文献
5.
刘金哲 《图书馆理论与实践》2020,(3):1-4
当前,大数据在图书馆等许多行业实际落地还面临着诸多困境,如对大数据理念认识不到位、基础数据缺失、技术和产品瓶颈以及数据隐私挑战等。文章调研图书馆大数据的研究和实践现状,分析当前大数据在图书馆应用的局限性,从实施规划、平台选型、数据体系和运营保障等层面给出大数据在图书馆建设和服务落地的策略和建议。 相似文献
6.
媒体人的媒介素养与媒体责任 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
在传播实践中,因缺乏媒介素养而造成了媒体责任的缺失,如媒介主体形象的失衡、以知情权的名义侵犯隐私权、“克里空”“见空就冒头”等等。媒体人应该从保持庄严的距离、质疑的精神、严格的自律等方面加强媒介素养。 相似文献
7.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(3):101688
Artificial Intelligence (AI) policies and strategies have been designed and adopted in the public sector during the last few years, with Chief Information Officers (CIOs) playing a key role. Using socio-cognitive and institutional approaches on Information Technologies (ITs) in (public) organizations, we consider that the assumptions, expectations, and knowledge (technological frames) of those in charge (CIOs) of designing AI strategies are guiding the future of these emerging systems in the public sector. In this study, we focus on the technological frames of CIOs in the largest Spanish local governments. Based on a survey administered to CIOs leading IT departments, this article presents original data about their technological frames on AI. Our results: (1) provide insights about how CIOs tend to focus on the technological features of AI implementation while often overlook some of the social, political, and ethical challenges in the public sector; (2) expand the theory on AI by enabling the construction of propositions and testable hypotheses for future research in the field. Therefore, the comparative study of technological frames will be key to successfully design and implement AI policies and strategies in the public sector and to tackle future challenges and opportunities. 相似文献
8.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(2):129-144
AbstractAir quality is an important factor in the preservation of cultural heritage. Systematic air quality assessment is a requirement in most heritage conservation plans. However, apart from temperature and relative humidity, air pollution, which is another air quality parameter, is less often monitored. This is the case especially, but not only, in developing and emerging economies where the lack of air pollution data is worrying. In this paper, issues with air pollution monitoring at heritage sites in developing and emerging economies, from management to technical, are reviewed. Questionnaire responses from over 20 sites in Africa, Asia, and Latin America reveal that about eight out of ten sites have not yet considered pollution data. The responses also show that cost is not the only obstacle but that lack of awareness and insufficient technical expertise are also significant issues. Different possible solutions are reviewed and their appropriateness discussed. They range from systematic monitoring to model-based estimations. Diffusion tube measurements of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone from 11 sites are reported and discussed. 相似文献
9.
《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2021,47(6):102437
This study explored the intention to adopt various AI and related technologies by academic and public librarians. A survey was disseminated through various library organization lists to collect input on issues surrounding AI attitude and intentions among librarians in North America. We utilized the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as a framework and performed structural equation modeling (SEM) and related statistical analyses (using SPSS and AMOS). Our findings confirm that the UTAUT can partially predict the likelihood of AI and related technologies adoption intentions among librarians. The model showed that performance expectancy (PE) and attitude toward use (ATU) of AI and related technologies had significant effects on librarians' intention to adopt AI and related technologies, while social influence (SI) and effort expectancy (EE) did not. We conclude that UTAUT is a viable integrated theoretical framework that, when properly designed and executed within a study, and lends itself to robust statistical analyses such as SEM. UTAUT is helpful as a framework for future approaches to designing and promoting adoption and use of emerging technologies by librarians. 相似文献
10.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(4):101748
With increasing ubiquity of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern societies, individual countries and the international community are working hard to create an innovation-friendly, yet safe, regulatory environment. Adequate regulation is key to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks stemming from AI technologies. Developing regulatory frameworks is, however, challenging due to AI's global reach, agency problems present in regulation, and the existence of widespread misconceptions about the very notion of regulation. This paper makes three claims: (1) Based on interdisciplinary insights, we show that AI-related challenges cannot be tackled effectively without sincere international coordination supported by robust, consistent domestic, regional, and international governance arrangements. (2) Against this backdrop, we propose the establishment of an international AI governance framework to spearhead initiatives to create a consistent, global enabling regulatory environment, which is necessary for the successful and responsible adoption of AI technologies. To facilitate the practical implementation of our recommendation, we provide a simplified impact assessment on regulatory architecture and governance design options, appropriate to the scope of the paper. (3) We draw attention to communication challenges, which we believe are underestimated barriers hindering contemporary efforts to develop AI regulatory regimes. We argue that a fundamental change of mindset regarding the nature of regulation is necessary to remove these, and put forward some recommendations on how to achieve this. 相似文献
11.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(4):101679
In today's global culture where the Internet has established itself as the main tool for communication and commerce, the capability to massively analyze and predict citizens' behavior has become a priority for governments in terms of collective intelligence and security. At the same time, in the context of novel possibilities that artificial intelligence (AI) brings to governments in terms of understanding and developing collective behavior analysis, important concerns related to citizens' privacy have emerged. In order to identify the main uses that governments make of AI and to define citizens' concerns about their privacy, in the present study, we undertook a systematic review of the literature, conducted in-depth interviews, and applied data-mining techniques. Based on our results, we classified and discussed the risks to citizens' privacy according to the types of AI strategies used by governments that may affect collective behavior and cause massive behavior modification. Our results revealed 11 uses of AI strategies used by the government to improve their interaction with citizens, organizations in cities, services provided by public institutions or the economy, among other areas. In relation to citizens' privacy when AI is used by governments, we identified 8 topics related to human behavior predictions, intelligence decision making, decision automation, digital surveillance, data privacy law and regulation, and the risk of behavior modification. The paper concludes with a discussion of the development of regulations focused on the ethical design of citizen data collection, where implications for governments are presented aimed at regulating security, ethics, and data privacy. Additionally, we propose a research agenda composed by 16 research questions to be investigated in further research. 相似文献
12.
从编辑实践角度出发,探讨人工智能应用对学术期刊编辑工作的影响并分析了学术期刊编辑的转型路径。人工智能带来的机遇有：优化学术出版工作流程并提高加工质量、强化编辑把关能力和效果、AI生成内容给编辑从事全媒体传播活动提供了机遇、提升学术出版资源配置和编辑价值创造力。但人工智能也带来如何与人工智能技术协调、面对人工智能生产内容、人工智能生成的新媒体形态等挑战。期刊编辑需要锻造数据分析和价值发现能力、提高智能环境下的把关能力、形成与技术协同的全媒体编辑能力和以人文价值驾驭新技术的新能力应对上述挑战。 相似文献
13.
Inger Brännström Author Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2012,29(1):60-67
The Beijing World Conference on Women held in 1995 by the United Nations member states, approved strategies for improving women's access to and use of new communication technologies. The aim of this paper is to retrieve official statistics for the years 2000-2008 with regard to sex differences, gender and digital divide (specifically concerning telecommunication technologies) in two low-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa, Kenya and Somalia. This paper reveals that official statistics on sex discrepancies and, the gender divide regarding access, use and benefits of telecommunications are still almost totally lacking for the countries in view. However, the digital divide is successively closing, and the telecommunication process in Kenya was quite rapid at the end of the period. Official statistics from Somalia are difficult to comprehend due to the absence of official data and a lack of evidence-based knowledge. Fifteen years after the Beijing Conference in 1995 there is still a lack of comprehensive statistics regarding new communication technologies for low-income economies such as Kenya and Somalia. 相似文献
14.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(1):101651
Several emerging economies have embarked on a path of digitization to provide lean governance through platform-based applications. Platforms and ecosystems can play vital roles in the proliferation of technologies, which can facilitate a digital transformation of society aimed at equitable and efficient service delivery to citizens. Despite being innovative, citizen-centric, and citizen-inclusive, such platforms has been observed to be rare in emerging economies. Our study assesses the factors that lead to the intention to continue to use these platforms, with the objective of establishing a revised approach to better governance through these platform-based services. A conceptual framework is proposed, based on an integration of various models, and tested using primary data from citizens subscribing to platform-based government services. The results indicate that a continuous availability of such services has better predictive power for the continual-use intention. A unique contribution of the study worth highlighting is the significance of the factor, “sovereign structural assurance,” a pre-requisite for strengthening the degree of control. Based on this study's findings, it is recommended that platforms should invest in controls for structural assurance. These interventions can serve as contrivances that create a sustainable model for such services. A successful convergence of the factors would accelerate the government services by transforming the public service landscape. 相似文献
15.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(4):101720
Artificial intelligence (AI) is regarded as the next digital frontier in government, with many potential applications for economic development as well as sustainable urbanization. Governments have started experimenting with AI, but empirical research on how to leverage and implement AI remains limited. This study analyzed two cases of AI implementation in a large city and identified various AI capabilities useful for government. More importantly, purposeful orchestration of AI-related resources such as data, knowledge, algorithms, and information systems is necessary for developing strong AI capabilities. The findings indicate two different types of orchestration: policy-driven orchestration focuses on the integration of resources, while innovation-driven orchestration focuses on triangulation. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on AI in government by revealing and conceptualizing different paths and approaches to AI implementation. They also serve to inform practitioners' planning of AI implementation. 相似文献
16.
数据科学经历了近50年的发展与变革,对知识创新和社会进步产生了深远的影响。现阶段对数据科学的研究,除应探讨数据科学的内涵和外延之外,还需要回答一系列深层次的问题:数据科学的核心理论和代表性实践是什么,它们是如何演化而来的,仍存在的问题和挑战是什么,未来的发展趋势是什么。为此,本文从核心理论和典型实践两个维度,将数据科学的发展历程划分为萌芽期、快速发展期和逐步成熟期三个阶段并进行总结分析。现阶段数据科学的理论研究和实践应用主要存在四类问题:一是对数据科学本身的系统研究不足;二是对数据科学领域的新问题聚焦不够;三是对数据科学领域的核心问题研究不足;四是在数据科学理论的直接指导下完成的实践应用不多。对此,提出了五点对策建议:聚焦数据科学特有的新问题和主要矛盾,健全数据科学理论研究的体系,加快数据科学实践应用的产业化,推进研究方法论的突破性创新,拓展数据科学的基础理论。 相似文献
17.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(3):101828
A growing body of literature shows that despite the significant benefits of artificial intelligence (AI), its adoption has many unknowns and challenges. However, theoretical studies dominate this topic. Completing the recent works, this article aims to identify challenges faced by public organizations when adopting AI based on the PRISMA Framework and an empirical assessment of these challenges in the opinion of public managers using survey research. The adopted research procedure is also an added value because it could be replicated in other context scenarios. To achieve this paper's aim, the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and survey research among authorities in 414 Polish cities were carried out. As a result, a list of 15 challenges and preventive activities proposed by researchers to prevent these challenges have been identified. Empirical verification of identified challenges allows us to determine which of them limit AI adoption to the greatest extent in public managers' opinion. These include a lack of strategy or plans to initial adoption / continued usage of AI; no ensuring that AI is used in line with human values; employees' insufficient knowledge of how to use AI; insufficient AI policies, laws, and regulations; and different expectations of stakeholders and partners about AI. These findings could help practitioners to prioritize AI adoption activities and add value to digital government theory. 相似文献
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颠覆性技术是一个具有复杂的内在结构的技术群。从空间维度来看,颠覆性技术是包含了主导技术、辅助技术、支撑技术的复杂技术群,涉及多学科、多领域。在此背景下,运用科学计量的方法对颠覆性技术进行科技评价和科学技术演变规律探索面临挑战,实质表现为数据检索。本文探索了一种基于机器学习的专利数据集构建新策略,将专利检索任务作为机器学习的二分类任务,类似于信息检索中基于主动学习的查询分类思想,并提出了将F-measure特征最大化方法与CNN(convolutional neural networks)模型相结合的文本分类改进方法。本文以人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)技术域为例进行训练实验,实验结果的准确率、召回率和F1值分别达到98.01%、97.04%和97.89%,这表明本文提出的策略能够精准地识别人工智能专利,提高了专利检索的准确率和召回率,以利于构建精、准、全的人工智能技术域专利数据集。 相似文献
20.
数字参考咨询的用户隐私范围主要包括人际交流隐私和个人数据隐私。以此,针对数字参考咨询用户隐私问题具有隐蔽性、依赖于所采用软件的功能设计、个性化信息服务与用户隐私保护产生矛盾、缺少具体可操作性隐私权保护政策等困惑,从行业自律、法律法规、信息控制、技术软件安全和宣传培训五个方面采取措施,进而完善数字参考咨询隐私权保护机制。 相似文献