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1.
履行社会责任是国有企业的与生俱来的属性。国有企业背负着国家经济社会发展的使命与责任,其社会责任履行既影响企业自身发展,也影响国家和社会公众利益,社会责任具有内生性。本文首先基于一般企业社会责任理论剖析了国企社会责任内生性内涵,认为国企承担社会责任需要统筹兼顾,同时考虑自身发展和社会稳定,作用于经济、环境和社会领域。然后将国企社会责任驱动力来源分为企业发展愿景和履责使命两个层面,发展愿景体现在长期目标下,国有企业履行社会责任逐渐从“被动”转向“主动”,实现企业和社会间“双赢”;履责使命体现在国企受企业性质和政治地位影响,在国家监管下履行社会责任,实现企业和社会间“互利”。基于内生性视角,结合三重底线原理,本文运用系统动力学思想,按照商业一类、商业二类和公益类国有企业分类,从经济绩效、社会绩效和环境绩效三个维度构建国企社会责任系统间结构和联系动态模型。通过分析2016-2022年间七家代表性央企的社会责任水平和企业发展能力变化,衡量不同维度下的社会责任贡献与损失,探究驱动不同类型国企履行社会责任的主要维度。结果显示,不同类别下的国企由于性质和业务不同,对社会责任履行各有侧重,存在差异化的社会责任实现模式。基于研究分析提出：按照不同途径进行分类改革,将企业社会责任履行内化为国企转型发展的基础构成,有利于推进国企履行社会责任愿景与使命相统一,提高不同类型国有企业履行社会责任的针对性、有效性和科学性,帮助国有企业社会责任制度建设不断完善升级。 相似文献
2.
南水北调工程是解决我国北方地区水资源严重短缺的重大工程,论文结合南水北调东线工程实际,界定了南水北调供应链系统,面向调水系统长期运营管理,从纯经济效益视角和社会责任与经济效益双重视角,分别建立了相应的Stackelberg分散决策模型和集中决策模型,并建立了相应的收入分享契约协调机制,研究结果表明:①无论是纯经济效益视角还是社会责任与经济效益双重视角下,协调集中决策情形下供应商和分销商的利润都高于分散决策;②对比纯经济效益视角和社会责任与经济效益双重视角,社会责任与经济效益双重视角下供应商和分销商的利润都不低于纯经济效益视角;③社会责任与经济效益双重视角下,协调集中决策下的社会责任绩效水平高于分散决策情形;④供应商和分销商都有经济动因履行社会责任,参与契约协调,从而实现集中决策. 相似文献
3.
为帮助管理者进一步理解战略性企业社会责任促进企业化危为机的作用机制,提高企业应对动态复杂环境能力以及管理和组织能力,探讨战略性企业社会责任对组织韧性的内在影响机制以及相关中介作用。基于利益相关者理论构建以战略性企业社会责任、网络嵌入、创新能力和组织韧性为变量的理论模型,利用对长三角地区 362 家科技型企业的调查数据进行实证分析。结果表明：（1）战略性企业社会责任对组织韧性有显著的正向影响,积极履行社会责任的企业能够在遭遇危机后较快恢复至原有水平;（2）网络嵌入和创新能力对战略性企业社会责任和组织韧性分别具有显著的中介作用,即企业能够通过履行社会责任开拓获取创新资源的渠道、提升创新意愿和能力,从而增强组织韧性;（3）网络嵌入和创新能力对战略性企业社会责任和组织韧性具有显著的链式中介作用。因此,企业应摒弃传统的社会责任观,重视并积极履行战略性企业社会责任,同时重视建立稳定密切的社会网络和创新能力。 相似文献
4.
全球范围内重大危机事件频发,对社会产生了重大影响。加强应急体制建设,提高政府应对公共危机的能力,是当前面临的重大问题。本文对国内外政府应急管理的机制,及应急管理中的政府责任进行了分析研究,并对政府措施提出了一些相关建议。 相似文献
5.
南水北调东线工程运营管理的演化博弈及策略研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
基于社会责任和经济效益的双重视角,论文运用演化博弈理论分析了南水北调东线工程运营管理中政府主体和公司主体的复制动态方程以及进化稳定策略,并进行了稳定性分析,最后结合工程运营管理的实务,提出了相应的应对策略。研究表明:①政府主体和公司主体之间的演化博弈,存在两个演化稳定策略(ESS):(LS,HE)和(HS,LE),而(HS,LE)是期望的系统演化方向;②为了使得系统向(HS,LE)方向演化,必须要使得公司主体让出部分资源和产能给政府主体用于履行社会责任,上级政府在南水北调东线运营管理中要起到宏观指导和中观管制作用,要优先保障水安全,优先履行社会责任,预防和治理洪旱灾害和水污染灾害,积极推进节水机制,在此前提下考虑经济效益的实现,从而达到社会责任和经济效益双赢的局面。 相似文献
6.
全球范围内重大危机事件频发,对社会产生了重大影响。加强应急体制建设,提高政府应对公共危机的能力,是当前面,临的重大问题。本文对国内外政府应急管理的机制,及应急管理中的政府责任进行了分析研究,并对政府措施提出了一些相关建议。 相似文献
7.
供应链企业社会责任管理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
当前全球供应链企业社会责任的管理一般都以核心企业为主导模式,这种模式存在三大错位,导致全球供应链企业社会责任履行低效与不足.本文基于利益相关者合作逻辑,提出了供应链企业社会责任共同治理的机制与模式,并进一步探讨了应采取的对策与措施. 相似文献
8.
科研院所、高等院校等责任主体履行科学数据安全责任的前提是厘清科学数据安全责任的目标和类型，掌握责任主体数据权利的内涵及其被科学数据安全责任所重构的行使机制。责任主体履行数据安全责任一要在社会责任导向下，识别数据社会风险、遵循信息伦理、充分使用责任去中心化的手段保障科学数据安全；二要在权利保护导向下，通过保护对象数据权利、公共利益和自我数据权利分别承担对象数据、公共数据和自我数据安全责任。 相似文献
9.
重大疫情公共危机事件在全球范围内的频发,使国家应急管理体系建设与世界公共卫生安全面临巨大考验。本文针对中国新冠肺炎疫情联防联控过程,以军民两大系统为核心,运用扎根理论方法对重大疫情防控中多主体的行动策略做出探索性分析。归纳出统一指挥、军控手段、民防措施和风险预警四个主范畴,初步构建了重大疫情公共危机背景下的军民协同治理机制模型,并以不同主体视角建立起要素关联机制。研究发现,统一指挥是军民协同治理的驱动机制,从战略层对危机治理与经济发展进行统筹规划;军控手段与民防措施是军民协同治理的动力机制,通过联合行动保障治理需求、履行社会责任;风险预警是军民协同治理的反馈机制,以风险评估作为决策依据并反馈于治理主体。研究结论对健全我国国家重大疫情治理体系、应对全球疫情形势提供了理论指导与实践启示。 相似文献
10.
企业社会责任问题近年来成为全社会关注的焦点.那么,影响企业社会责任履行的因素有哪些?制度环境会影响企业社会责任的履行吗?以2009与2010年披露企业社会责任报告的上市公司作为研究样本,本文考察了制度环境中的政府对经济的干预程度、法律环境的完善程度、以及要素市场的发育程度等对中国企业社会责任履行情况的影响.研究发现,在政府对经济干预程度越低、法律环境越完善以及要素市场越发达的地区,企业的社会责任履行状况越好.本文的研究表明,要促进与改善我国企业的社会责任履行,就必须完善相关的制度环境,为企业社会责任的履行提供外部的约束机制与内部的动力机制. 相似文献
11.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
12.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
13.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
14.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
15.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献
19.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
20.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献