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1.
茅洁 《武汉体育学院学报》2018,52(5):67-72
随着虚拟现实技术日益完善,体育类虚拟体验也逐渐成为一种时尚,增强现实技术的衍生,为虚拟现实领域增添新的用户体验。增强现实技术、Unity3D ShaderLab技术和智能终端设备结合,实现虚拟现实与现实世界的完美融合。该文通过对虚拟现实渲染技术和增强现实技术理论及应用的深入研究,为游泳课程教学制作具有虚拟现实增强效果的教学设计方案;通过3DMax渲染及Unity3D ShaderLab技术完成游泳教学虚拟现实环境渲染效果;结合AR技术实现的游泳教学增强虚拟现实的全新体验。结论：通过对3DMax材质渲染、Unity3D ShaderLab着色器技术及虚拟增强现实技术理论与应用的深入研究,为实现游泳教学的虚拟现实增强效果提出设计制作方案和方法;采用3DMax材质渲染和Unity3D ShaderLab着色器技术的设计方法,提高游泳教学虚拟现实增强效果,比单纯的采用3D虚拟技术更能提升事实性,场景更加逼真、增强效果更加丰富多彩;运用虚拟现实增强技术完成现实物体上动态虚拟物体加载功能,达到"虚中有实,实中有虚"境界。本设计应用为提高虚拟现实技术完成游泳教学虚拟系统的虚拟现实、增强现实效果提供技术参考,以便营造出更多的虚拟现实教学平台。 相似文献
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There has been increasing interest in recent years in the significance of a sense of place in the literature of outdoor adventure education. In the UK relationships between outdoor education and the environment still appear largely focused on the science of the natural environment and the activity in question. In this paper, we present empirical evidence from an action research project to demonstrate how a combination of formal and informal pedagogy in a higher education context can lead to a sociocultural and historical understanding of place and enrich the learning experience of students when teaching the classical outdoor adventurous activity of sailing. The sport of dinghy sailing is a module within a Bachelor's undergraduate degree in outdoor education and was taught from a small fishing town in Devon, England. We adopted an integrated and experiential critical pedagogy of place that allowed theory and practice, thought and action to be a holistic experience, and this approach provided opportunities for informal, as well as formal learning. This action research project explored the impact on the student experience when sailing skills were developed along with a sense of place. It used methods including: photo-elicitation, focus group interviews and evidence from the analysis of written student assignments. Our findings show that students discover a significance of the meaningful relationship between the sociocultural history of where that activity takes place and the activity itself and that as a result their experience of the learning and research process was enriched. 相似文献
3.
Abstract Previous studies have shown that the start plays a critical role in sliding events and explains more than 55% of the variance of the final time in luge. Experts evaluate the contribution of the arm strokes to be 23% of the total starting performance. The aim of the present study was to develop a measurement and feedback training tool (Speedpaddler) for the arm strokes of high-performance luge athletes. The construction is an aluminium alloy framework with a customary belt conveyor system, which is driven by two synchronized servo motors. Training is possible with constant speeds up to 12 m · s?1 or several speed curves, which simulate the acceleration of different luge tracks. The construction facilitates variations in the inclination and speed of the conveyor belts and thereby the resistance and movement speed. If the athlete accelerates the conveyor belts during arm-paddling, the torque of the motors decreases. Torque measurements and high-speed video offer valuable insights into the several technique criteria. Comparisons of arm-paddle cycle durations on ice and on the Speedpaddler with 18 luge athletes (national team and juniors) showed no statistical differences. The Speedpaddler might be a useful tool to improve starting performance all year round. 相似文献
4.
Previous studies have shown that the start plays a critical role in sliding events and explains more than 55% of the variance of the final time in luge. Experts evaluate the contribution of the arm strokes to be 23% of the total starting performance. The aim of the present study was to develop a measurement and feedback training tool (Speedpaddler) for the arm strokes of high-performance luge athletes. The construction is an aluminium alloy framework with a customary belt conveyor system, which is driven by two synchronized servo motors. Training is possible with constant speeds up to 12 m · s(-1) or several speed curves, which simulate the acceleration of different luge tracks. The construction facilitates variations in the inclination and speed of the conveyor belts and thereby the resistance and movement speed. If the athlete accelerates the conveyor belts during arm-paddling, the torque of the motors decreases. Torque measurements and high-speed video offer valuable insights into the several technique criteria. Comparisons of arm-paddle cycle durations on ice and on the Speedpaddler with 18 luge athletes (national team and juniors) showed no statistical differences. The Speedpaddler might be a useful tool to improve starting performance all year round. 相似文献
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采用分层抽样法抽取安徽农业大学255名在读大学生进行调查和实验研究,试图探讨跆拳道在改善大学生羞怯感和身体自我概念中的作用。经过1学期(15周)的跆拳道实验干预发现,实验组实验后羞怯感总均分显著低于实验前,说明跆拳道干预后,大学生的羞怯感显著低于实验前;在身体协调、体育活动、身体肥胖、运动能力、整体身体、外表、力量、灵活、耐力、自尊和身体自我概念总均分上显著高于实验前;在身体健康因子上差异不显著,但表现为实验后的均分高于实验前。对照组前后测试无显著性差异。用差值的方式来进一步检验研究结果发现,在羞怯总均分、身体协调、体育活动、运动能力、整体身体、外表、力量、灵活、耐力和总均分差值上表现为实验组差值显著高于对照组;在身体健康、身体肥胖和自尊上差值差异不显著,但表现为实验组差值高于对照组;在身体肥胖差值上表现为女性显著高于男性;在羞怯总均分及身体自我描述其他因子及总均分差值上无显著性别差异,但在整体身体、力量、自尊差值平均分上表现为男性高于女性,其他因子表现为女性均分高于男性。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2020,23(4):704-718
Many sport programs aim to positively impact participants’ lives, but there is little understanding of how sport leads to those changes. The purpose of this study was to examine an extraordinary experience and the participants’ interpretations of that experience as well as their feelings of personal transformation through the experience. In doing so, the authors developed an understanding of how sport can be used to create meaningful life changes at the individual level. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 past participants of a long distance cycling ride that raised money and awareness for cancer research. Data analysis included three rounds of coding. Participants reported that the unusualness and sense of newness of the ride, the high levels of emotional intensity experienced, and the deep interpersonal connections developed led to a sense of empowerment and new meaning and purpose in life. Results indicate that extraordinary experiences contribute to lasting personal transformations, beyond intended behavior changes, within sport and out of sport. The characteristics of extraordinary experiences that contribute to personal transformation are discussed, as are suggestions for sport managers to leverage extraordinary experiences to create positive personal transformations. 相似文献
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茅洁 《武汉体育学院学报》2017,51(9):76-80
随着虚拟现实技术日益完善，教育信息化的逐步推进，大学体育教学中应用虚拟现实技术必定成为趋势。VR、AR及MR技术是目前虚拟现实成像领域最前沿的技术，VR、AR技术应用于教育已不再新鲜。大学体育专项课程理论性强、教学手段形式特殊的特点，虚拟现实技术应用下的"沉浸式"式虚拟课堂、AR的教材形式将打破大学体育专项课程现有的教学形式、教材体系以及课堂授课方式，还会影响传统体育教学传承模式。虚拟现实+教育的模式已经一步步改变着教育体系，新的教育技术介质——虚拟现实的变更必定为体育教育带来崭新的一页。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2015,18(3):370-383
This study explored how consumer interactions evolve within an emerging brand community. Since newly formed brand communities are marked by the presence of scale-free networks, an ethnographic study among individuals in their second year of tailgating at American football games was conducted to examine whether group leaders were able to empower their followers and alleviate the Achilles’ Heel of scale-free networks. The authors investigated whether member empowerment led to a more balanced network of consumers, whereby individual group members increased their involvement and loyalty towards the group itself and the larger brand. Social network theory was used to examine the changes in relationships among individual consumers within the brand community, specifically focusing on the construct of centrality. Marketing implications associated with the changes and developments of these evolving brand communities are discussed. 相似文献
10.
目的：旨在探讨跆拳道运动员追踪移动目标时的视觉特征及神经肌肉疲劳对其视觉特征所产生的影响。方法：利用VR眼动仪分别采集24名跆拳道运动员训练前和训练后完成实验任务（追踪移动目标）与对照任务（无移动目标）时的眼动信息,测试持续42个训练日,共完成655人次测试;通过下蹲跳（CMJ）测试评价受试者训练后是否出现神经肌肉疲劳,最终筛选出44人次因训练产生神经肌肉疲劳的受试者的眼动参数进行统计分析。结果：与对照任务相比,受试者完成实验任务时瞳孔直径显著缩小,总注视次数显著减少;与非疲劳状态相比,神经肌肉疲劳状态下受试者完成实验任务时瞳孔直径显著增大,眼跳速度显著加快,平均注视时长显著加长。结论：跆拳道运动员追踪移动目标时提取信息相对容易,仅需较少的注意力即可快速获取有效信息;出现神经肌肉疲劳后,跆拳道运动员追踪移动目标时瞳孔直径显著增大,对有效信息的敏感度降低、提取视觉信息的难度增大。 相似文献
11.
Wanda Ellen Wakefield 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(6):776-795
For decades American athletes in less-popular – or ‘minor’– sports suffered from a lack of institutional and practical support from their sports' governing bodies. The AAU, in particular, failed to provide the funds necessary for athletes in the sliding sports of luge and bobsled to obtain proper training and opportunities to compete. By the early 1970s, the American Olympic effort was in chaos as athletes from the Eastern Bloc, taking advantage of their nations' determination to field the best possible teams, began to excel at both the summer and winter Olympic Games. In response, Congress authorized a presidential commission to study the situation and make recommendations about how best to improve amateur sports in the United States. The result of the commission's work, the Amateur Sports Act of 1978, reorganized governance of amateur sports to the benefit, particularly, of athletes in sports such as luge and bobsled. 相似文献
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目的：探讨拓展训练对大学生团队合作能力、社会适应能力的影响和效果。方法：将研究对象分成实验组和对照组,实验组学生进行14周的拓展训练教学,对照组学生进行常规的体育项目教学,在实验前后分别运用合作倾向自评量表和社会适应能力自评量表对实验组和对照组进行前测和后测,并对检测结果进行分析比较。结果：实验组大学生团队合作倾向、社会适应能力得分非常显著高于对照组大学生（P〈O．01）;实验组学生在包容性因子、互惠性因子的表现上比对照组学生均有显著的提高（P〈O．05）;实验组学生在合群意愿因子的得分上也非常显著高于对照组学生（P〈O．01）;实验组学生在操作团队挑战项目时所挑战的时间非常明显快于对照组学生（P〈O．01）。结论：拓展训练能有效提高大学生的团队合作能力和社会适应能力,是高等院校素质教育的有效途径。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2019,22(5):724-735
Whistleblowing is effective for exposing doping in sport, garnering increased support and promotion within the global anti-doping community. However, limited attention has been afforded towards understanding the doping whistleblowing process. In response, the authors convey a sense of the whistleblowing context by using the actual words of whistleblowers to illuminate their experience. To achieve this aim, the authors have adopted a narrative approach. Three doping whistleblowers were interviewed regarding their lived experiences of whistleblowing on doping and the data has been represented in the form of one composite creative non-fiction story. The story narrates the whistleblowing experience as a process whereby individuals must (a) determine what they witnessed and experienced was doping, (b) make the decision and take action to report it, and (c) deal with the myriad of consequences and emotions. It also highlights the dilemma faced by whistleblowers who are likely equally compelled to adhere to the moral of loyalty and fairness; yet in this context they are unable to do both. Stemming from the story presented and the forms of retribution experienced, the authors offer practical suggestions for sporting organisations to address in order to empower others to whistleblow on doping in sport. Specifically, organisations should establish and implement whistleblowing policies that: (a) provide protection for whistleblowers, (b) mandate whistleblowing education, and (c) identify an independent person for individuals to seek guidance and support from before, during and following the act of whistleblowing. 相似文献
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研究目的:针对运动人体科学课程的抽象性、复杂性以及传统实验室的不足,提出一种全新的基于虚拟现实技术的虚拟实验系统。研究方法:采用虚拟现实I、nternet等技术。研究结果和结论:(1)实现了一个网上运动人体科学虚拟实验系统;(2)为运动人体科学课程的教学提供了丰富的实验资源,利用虚拟现实技术可将真实环境下难以观察和实验验证的现象或复杂结构用其特有的交互、三维、动态、直观的虚拟世界表示出来,供学生学习和探索;(3)提供了多人合作实验的途径。 相似文献
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介绍了虚拟现实技术及分布式系统的概念,提出基于这两项技术设计的虚拟奥运场馆辅助售票系统解决方案。在局域网解决方案中,通过实时视景仿真及多通道同步技术,借助3D头盔及立体鼠标等外设实现了具有很强沉浸感的虚拟现实系统。在广域网解决方案中,运用VRML语言实现了Internet上的虚拟场景浏览。 相似文献
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为了制作出更容易引起学生的兴趣,更有利于学生形成清晰、全面、正确的技术动作表象的课件,作者尝试将poser6.0、3dsmax7.0以及shockwave3d等虚拟现实的部分技术应用于展示背向滑步推铅球的技术动作,最终用可以三维实时交互的shockwave3d媒体代替传统的技术图片和影片,并且用director MX2004将其整合到了课件之中。就该课件的设计与实现作了相关探讨。 相似文献
18.
文章对云南省短跑男子运动员10人(国家一级2人,二级8人)进行不同的运动负荷实验后,研究高原短跑运动员在运动训练过程中部分免疫细胞的变化情况及生化机理。结论认为:血常规中的中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的含量可以反映短跑运动训练负荷强度的大小和训练后的恢复状况,能起到重要的监控作用。 相似文献
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This study was designed to examine and intervene into student behaviours to promote a democratic, inclusive and participatory focus within Sport Education. To achieve an increased understanding of and changes within student behaviours, a collaborative participatory action research methodology was applied to provide voice to students as agents of change. The research progressed throughout an entire school year and was cast in two stages. The first was a season of Basketball that provided some baseline with respect to issues of equity and inclusion. This was followed by an intervention stage (seasons of Handball, Soccer and Volleyball) in which the identified issues were acted upon. Based upon issues unearthed during the action research cycles the intervention focused on legitimating different levels of participation through (1) a reconfiguration of the learning content, peer teaching activities and competition formats, (2) the discussion of inequity, exclusion, gender stereotyping and discrimination emerging from group dynamics within focus groups interviews and (3) the promotion of positive leadership behaviours of the student coaches through leadership seminars conducted outside the gym. By the end of the year, there was significant evidence of inclusive membership accompanied by the development of mutual trust among students and shared contributions towards a common and inclusive goal. A close interrelatedness was found between game competence development, trajectories of participation and sense of membership, the restructuring of power relations and the sharing of knowledge and investment of dominant and higher-skilled students towards more inclusive team goals. The Sport Education curriculum alone was insufficient to dismantle the deeply rooted negative cultural influences of community-based sports that influenced equity and inclusion. However, by planning and implementing a specific intervention that used the educational resources of Sport Education proactively it was possible to promote a more inclusive and equitable learning environment. 相似文献
20.
本研究综合运用文献资料法，专家访谈法，实验法。采用社交行为、交往焦虑量表，主观锻炼诱导情绪体验量表，对实验对象进行心理测量法和数据统计，配对样本T检验结果显示：实验组在心理指标交往焦虑和锻炼主观情绪体验指标上实验前后差异均具有显著性，试验后独立样本T检验表明：实验后横向与对照组比较也具有显著性差异。研究发现合作学习能够有效的培养学生交往的意识，降低交往焦虑提高交际交往能力，促进良好的人际关系形成和维持；合作学习能够营造良好的学习氛围，使得学生在活动中获得成功的体验，提高学生的学习兴趣和参与激情，利于形成终身体育意识和习惯。 相似文献