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Humberto Moreira Carvalho Carlos E Gonçalves Dave Collins Roberto R Paes 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(7):742-748
The interaction of multiple influences on the path to sport success is not yet fully understood by sport scientists. In this study, we examined variation in body size, functional capacities and motivation for achievement, competitiveness and deliberate practice of youth basketball players associated with differences in biological maturity status, chronological age and years of training experience. Reflecting the importance of interactive effects, we examined the relationships between the psychological variables and functional capacities. Fifty-eight male basketball players aged 9.5 to 15.5 years were considered. Variables included chronological age, estimated age at peak height velocity, stature, body mass and sitting height by anthropometry; the Work and Family Orientation and Deliberate Practice Motivation Questionnaires were also used. Finally, the Line Drill test and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) tests were used as functional capacities indicators for basketball. Variance components models derived from series of multilevel linear regression models revealed a substantial variation by maturity status for body size, functional capacities indicators, mastery and will to excel. The influence of estimated maturity status on mastery and will to excel was independent of age and years of experience. In contrast, no relationships were observed between psychological variables and functional capacities indicators. We conclude that growth-related changes are relevant to understanding players´ motivations for achievement, competitiveness and deliberate practice. This should be of interest to those involved in the selection and development of youth basketball players. 相似文献
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运用访问调查、问卷调查研究方法对我国青少年足球运动员竞赛状态焦虑、运动动机和应对方式的关系进行了研究。结果表明:进入梯队年限短的青少年足球运动员在认知状态焦虑和躯体状态焦虑平均分低于年长的运动员,在状态自信心上相反;运动动机的认同调节和内投调节维度上存在非常显著性差异和显著性差异;在应对方式的集中解决问题的应对维度上存在显著性差异。3个年龄段竞赛状态焦虑上没有显著性差异;在运动动机的认同调节和内投调节两个维度上存在显著性差异;在应对方式上无显著性差异。不同运动等级青少年足球运动员的竞赛状态焦虑、运动动机、应对方式均无显著性差异。 相似文献
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Although the importance of high motivation to engage in deliberate practice has been acknowledged, no research has directly tested this hypothesis. Therefore, the present study examined this relation in adolescent elite chess players by means of a questionnaire. In addition, to provide an explanation for dropout among promising chess players, differences in motivation between persistent and dropout chess players were analyzed. Competitiveness and the will to excel proved to be predictors of investments in deliberate practice. Moreover, achievement motivation and chess-specific motivation differed to a certain extent between persisters and dropouts. Our results suggest that motivation to engage in deliberate practice not only contains elements of the will to improve performance, but also of the will to attain exceptional levels of performance. 相似文献
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目的：通过探索我国女子三人篮球运动项目自身独特的比赛负荷特征,为我国女子三人篮球运动的训练与比赛提供理论和实践参考,指导训练和比赛,以期提升我国女子三人篮球的竞技水平。方法：使用SIMI Scout技战术分析系统和Polar Improve系统,测量和分析我国女子三人篮球队在国际比赛、队内比赛和对抗训练中的运动负荷。结果：在国际比赛中,我国优秀女子三人篮球运动员的单位时间跑动距离要显著低于同场竞技的外国选手;国内比赛中成年优秀选手与青年选手在单位时间跑动距离上没有明显差异;我国优秀女子三人篮球运动员在国际比赛和队内比赛中的单位时间跑动距离也没有明显差异。我国优秀女子三人篮球运动员在正式比赛中的最大心率和平均心率均显著性高于对抗训练,最小心率则无明显差异。在不同速度区域的跑距占比分析中,比赛和对抗训练的跑距占比均随着速度的提升而下降;在速度区1和速度区2中,正式比赛的跑距占比要显著高于对抗训练,而在速度区3和速度区4中,比赛的跑距占比则要显著低于对抗训练。结论：我国优秀三人女子篮球运动员国际大赛中的运动负荷要低于国际高水平运动员;可根据对抗训练和正式比赛的运动负荷特征,对对抗训练的运动负荷进行调整,以期达到正式比赛的预期运动负荷。 相似文献
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Daniel J. Madigan Joachim Stoeber Troy Culley Louis Passfield Andrew P. Hill 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(9):1271-1279
Recent research found perfectionistic strivings to predict performance in a novel basketball task among novice basketball players. The current study builds on this research by examining whether this is also the case for performance in a familiar basketball training task among experienced basketball players, and whether achievement goals mediated any observed relationships. Perfectionistic strivings, perfectionistic concerns, and 3?×?2 achievement goals were assessed prior to basketball training performance in 90 basketball players (mean age 20.9 years). Regression analyses showed that perfectionistic strivings predicted better performance. Furthermore, mediation analyses showed that other-approach goals (e.g. beliefs that one should and can outperform others) accounted for this relationship. The findings suggest that perfectionistic strivings may predict better performance in both novel and familiar athletic contexts. In addition, beliefs about the importance and ability to outperform others may explain this relationship. 相似文献
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杨勇 《体育科技文献通报》2013,21(3):30-32,38
本研究的主要目的在于探讨我国优秀少年篮球运动员成就动机、球队凝聚力与比赛成绩的关系。参加2011年全国少年篮球比赛的22个运动队,其中男子132名,女子108名接受了成就动机量表和群体环境问卷的测试。运用Baron和Kenny(1986)线性回归分析方法对成就动机的中介作用给予检验。结果表明,运动员所知觉到的凝聚力对球队比赛成绩的影响显著,该影响由于成就动机的加入而变小。说明成就动机对凝聚力和球队比赛成绩具有中介作用。 相似文献
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我国的篮球储备资源需要加强,而青少年的篮球运动员是主要的储备力量,运动员需要提高自身的体能和身体素质,这就需要教练对运动员进行针对性的体能训练,科学的体能训练可以帮助篮球运动员获得更充沛的体力,在比赛的最后关头仍然可以发挥出良好的竞技水平从而取得更理想的成绩。青少年篮球运动员处于发育时期,体能往往存在着不足,因此体能训练是运动员练习篮球的基础课程,众所周知,一场篮球赛的身体对抗强度大,对运动员速度、力量、耐力都有很高的要求,身体素质过硬才能掌管一场比赛。在日常的体能训练中,教练应结合每一个篮球运动员自身的特点,制定适合运动员的体能训练计划,要全面考虑多方面因素。 相似文献
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我国健将级女子篮球运动员归因倾向的差异性研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
运用韦纳的归因理论和分析方法,对我国27名健将级(包括国际健将)女子篮球运动员进行调查研究。结果表明:“因果维度量表”(中国版)在我国健将级女子篮球运动员中试用有很好的信、效度;面对胜利倾向于内部的、不稳定的、可控制的归因,面对失败倾向于外部的、不稳定的、可控制的归因是我国健将级女子篮球运动员的基本归因类型;我国健将级女子篮球运动员归因方式存在着焦虑水平方面的差异,内部控制型的运动员比外部控制型的运动员特质焦虑水平低;成就动机水平的高低在不同归因方式的表现上除内外源维度外,没有发现明显差异,但内部的、可控制的归因类型比外部的、不可控制的归因类型成就动机分值偏高。 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2016,19(4):391-401
One of the key issues of team sport championships is competitive balance. One of the dimensions of competitive balance is concerned with the differences in sporting capabilities of teams within a season. The aim of this study is to evaluate competitive balance in Greek basketball and handball championships in relation to the presence and number of foreign players. The examined periods are from 1965–1966 to 2012–2013 (n = 47) for basketball and from 1983–1984 to 2012–2013 (n = 30) for handball. Foreign players appeared in basketball starting from 1988 while in handball from 1999. For each season and sport, two global and three special indices that capture competitive balance in the multileveled championship structure were calculated. Results showed that the number of foreign players per team is dependent on the country's macroeconomic status and in its turn improves the overall competitiveness, as well as competitiveness at the relegation level. In handball foreign players appeared later and in lesser numbers than in basketball. The increase in competitiveness of the national basketball league as a result of the increase in numbers of foreign players across all teams was followed by an upsurge in the quality, performance and achievements of the top teams participating in the European competitions. 相似文献
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西安市中学生篮球运动员心理控制点类型的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
运用文献资料法、量表测量法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,对196名西安市中学生篮球运动员进行调查和测试。结果表明:西安市中学生篮球运动员对于运动成功或运动失败在总体上具有适宜的心理控制点结构;女运动员比男运动员更具有偏向于内部控制的趋势;在成功内控的得分上,后卫比中锋、前锋更具有偏向于内部控制的趋势,在失败内控的得分上,无显著性差异;主力运动员比非主力运动员更具有偏向于内部控制的趋势。 相似文献
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Sérgio Ramos Anna Volossovitch António Paulo Ferreira Isabel Fragoso Luís Massuça 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(15):1681-1689
The present study aims (i) to compare the maturational, morphological and fitness attributes of young basketball players of primary and secondary teams of an elite basketball academy, and (ii) to identify the set of morphological and fitness attributes which better discriminate the players from the two teams. A total of 116 male basketball players of an elite basketball academy were divided into primary (team A) and secondary (team B) teams in two age groups (U-14 and U-16). All the players were evaluated during two consecutive seasons and data related to players’ practice experience, maturational, morphological and fitness attributes were collected at the beginning of the competition period. The results of the study suggest that: (i) in both age categories, team A players were older, more mature, bigger in size and had greater fitness profiles than team B players; (ii) stature and abdominal resistance were identified as discriminant attributes for youth basketball player performance; (iii) aerobic capacity for U-14 and agility for U-16 were identified as specific discriminant attributes for performance in youth basketball. Coaches are recommended to avoid premature talent identification and provide players with opportunities to progress through the talent pathway, at least until U-16 age category. 相似文献
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篮球意识的培养是一个循序渐进、日积月累的过程,而青少年时期是培养篮球意识的黄金时期,要注重对青少年观察能力、判断能力、基本技术和战术思维能力的培养和训练。本文通过对青少年运动员篮球意识培养和提高途径的论述,以求对青少年篮球教学与训练提供理论依据。 相似文献
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我国体育部门将培养青少年篮球运动员作为工作的重点,但根据目前青少年篮球训练的水平来看,存在着许多问题,严重地阻碍了青少年在篮球运动中的发展。本文结合目前青少年篮球训练现状,提出了青少年篮球训练相关的创新模式,使青少年在训练的过程中,能够有效地提高青少年篮球运动水平,促进了青少年在篮球运动中有更好的发展,同时也为我国培养篮球运动人才奠定了基础。 相似文献
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对优秀男子篮球运动员运动寿命的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
优秀男子篮球运动员的运动寿命在此特指运动员竞技能力达到高水平以后 ,正常情况下持续到不能再适应其原来参加的高水平重大比赛而退役的一段时间。这段时间的长短受到多方面因素的制约和影响 ,是一个复杂的问题。本文通过对不同时期中外优秀男子篮球运动员年龄的统计发现 :他们的年龄普遍有增长的趋势 ;他们的运动寿命普遍有延长的趋势。我们应该重新认识和划分优秀男子篮球运动员的年龄阶段 ,在注重培养新秀的同时 ,也要充分发挥“老将”的作用。 相似文献
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高瞻 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2010,28(2):14-16
中国青年女篮和国外高水平青年女篮相比在体能上有较大的差距。数据显示,我国优秀青年女篮的体能状况堪忧。经费缺乏、科学化训练不足、后备人才匮乏是影响我国优秀青年女篮体能水平的主要因素。 相似文献
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Abstract Predicated upon the premise that leisure needs are socially determined and therefore dynamic qualities of leisure motivation, this field study investigated the effects of outcome (winning, losing, no outcome) of leisure participation on male and female subjects' leisure needs. Subjects were 438 players of 60 teams in the intramural basketball program comprised of competitive and recreational leagues. Factor analysis produced seven need factors, of which three dealt with interpersonal relationships, two with competence and two with escape or diversion. ANOVAs performed on the resultant factor scores showed that successful and unsuccessful leisure experiences strongly shaped subjects' needs for leisure participation, but these effects were often mediated by the sex of subjects and the competitive levels of leagues in which they played. Generally, winning and losing had just the opposite effects on males' and females' needs; winning increased females' and decreased males' needs. The effects of competitiveness of league types suggested that competitive and recreational leagues serve different psychological functions for males and females because the two leagues are expected to fulfill different leisure needs. 相似文献
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青少年男子篮球运动员速度耐力素质研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用调查和测定分析等方法对上海青少年男子篮球运动员在比赛中能量代谢特点进行了研究,并与他们在不同训练手段情况下的能量代谢进行了比较。结果显示：青少年男子运动员速度耐力素质偏低,并根据篮球比赛性质和供能特点提出合理安排训练的建议。 相似文献