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低碳城市水平绩效评价及其障碍度诊断是实现城市绿色低碳发展的重要依据。以低碳城市试点天津市作为研究区域,构建基于经济发展、社会进步、环境优化、能源转型的城市低碳水平评价的指标体系,采用熵权-TOPSIS评价法和障碍度模型测度天津市低碳城市发展水平,识别不同时期阻碍实现低碳目标的制约因素。结果表明：研究期间内天津市低碳城市发展水平呈现整体上升趋势,绩效指数从2008年的0.2306增加到2014年的0.6989,社会进步和能源转型障碍度总体呈现增长趋势;经济发展和能源转型的障碍度总体呈现减少的趋势,年均增长速度24.18%和7.19%。在此基础上从能源效率提高、产业结构优化、环境治理提升和基础设施加强等角度提出对策建议。 相似文献
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企业低碳管理研究综述与展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
国内外对企业低碳管理的研究主要集中在低碳管理内涵与意义的研究、企业低碳战略管理和职能管理的研究等方面,目前的研究还存在以下不足：对低碳管理的研究缺乏明确的概念界定、坚实的理论基础和系统的理论体系;缺乏对低碳管理模式在企业的落地实施进行应用性研究;缺乏对企业低碳管理实施绩效的实证研究。进一步研究的思路是：充实完善企业低碳管理的理论研究;开展企业低碳管理转型的应用研究;对企业低碳管理实施绩效进行实证研究。 相似文献
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“2060碳中和目标”对制造企业闭环供应链发展提出碳减排的要求,制造企业闭环供应链低碳转型迫在眉睫。为探究碳中和目标下制造企业闭环供应链低碳转型机制,采用文献研究法和DEMATEL-ISM相结合的方法,提取出18个影响因素并对其进行中心度、原因度及层级结构分析,进而构建机制模型厘清各因素间作用关系,揭示碳中和目标下制造企业闭环供应链低碳转型机制。研究结果表明：(1)碳减排策略因素的中心度排名第一而原因度排名靠后,补贴政策的原因度排名第一且中心度排名靠前;(2)18个影响因素分成五层,各因素间联系紧密且存在跨层影响关系;(3)政府、制造企业、零售商、消费者和回收商协同共进,保障制造企业闭环供应链的低碳转型。研究结论为碳中和目标下制造企业闭环供应链低碳转型提供了理论依据与实践指导。 相似文献
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中国低碳发展之路 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王玲 《科学对社会的影响》2010,(1):33-34
2009年4月，英国苏塞克斯大学科技政策研究中心和英国廷德尔气候变化研究中心发布了《中国能源转型——低碳发展之路》报告，围绕中国未来能否走上低碳发展之路的问题进行了探究。报告认为，中国的低碳发展不仅是技术的转型，还是经济和社会的转型。中国应实行全面的能源和气候变化战略，及时把握绿色发展机遇。 相似文献
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在港口低碳转型大趋势下,港口物流金融存货类质押贷款业务在实践中的高速发展,如何在港口物流存货类质押贷款理论决策中融入低碳港口约束因素、间接推动港口转型升级显得十分迫切。本研究深入探讨低碳转型下的港口质押贷款利率决策理论,在提出违约调整利差原理、低碳调整利差原理和质押风险控制原理的基础上,建立了低碳港口流动性较强存货类物流质押贷款利率决策模型,并推导出违约和低碳调整利差下的质押贷款最优利率,以及质押物价格、市场利率以及碳排治理成本各种参数对质押贷款最优利率影响表达式,进一步丰富了现有港口质押贷款利率决策理论与模型。最后,采用某港口实际数据演算并进行敏感性分析,验证了模型可行性、可用性。 相似文献
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资源型城市向低碳城市的转型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在全球发展低碳经济的大背景下，资源型城市向低碳城市转型已势在必行。本文在借鉴国外资源型城市转型经验的基础上，根据我国资源型城市的特点，分析了向低碳城市转型中存在的障碍，并提出具体可行的转型途径，以期为我国发展低碳经济、建立低碳城市提供有益的参考。 相似文献
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低碳转型是我国可持续发展的内在要求,是实践科学发展观,建设“两型”社会的必由之路.本文构建了一个能同时包含“稳增长”、“低能耗”、“低排放”多元目标的可持续发展分析框架,基于1985-2010年全国27个省份投入产出面板数据,运用基于DDF的ML生产率指数和增长核算法,对我国经济低碳转型绩效进行了评估.研究发现:不考虑环境因素会高估生产率及其对经济增长的贡献,从而对我国低碳转型绩效做出较为乐观判断;绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)增长主要来源于技术进步,且受制度因素水平效应影响,考察期内GTFP增长率呈现“先升后降再平稳”的时间趋势特征;GTFP是经济增长重要驱动力之一,考察期内我国经济低碳转型绩效明显,受边际转型成本影响近年来有趋缓回落趋势,我国仍属于资本和能源双重驱动的粗放型经济增长方式;我国经济低碳转型绩效地区差异明显,部分欠发达省份也表现出了较高的转型绩效,但这种地区差距具有相对稳定性,仅在两次危机期间表现出了较大波动.暂且撇开关于低碳模式“阴谋论”还是“双赢论”争论对错不说,在本文中我们确实捕捉到了我国低碳转型绩效明显的信息.综合来看,我国经济低碳转型任重而道远,但艰难与希望并存. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献