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姜南 《科学学与科学技术管理》2014,(3):99-107
专利密集型产业的RD绩效评价对我国产业发展具有重要的现实意义。根据多种算法联合界定了我国的专利密集型产业,对专利密集型产业和非专利密集型产业进行了区分;运用DEA-Malmqusit指数法对2008—2011年间我国专利密集型产业和非专利密集型产业的RD绩效变化进行了评价,发现我国专利密集型产业的RD绩效平均增幅低于非专利密集型产业。专利密集型产业的RD绩效较之非专利密集型产业的绩效相对集中,专利密集型产业的RD绩效变化较非专利密集型产业的绩效变化相对平稳,专利密集型产业中不同类型产业的RD绩效增长的动因不同,并据此提出了有关政策和建议。 相似文献
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分别以专利和新产品作为产业创新效率体系的产出以及投入,分两阶段对2001-2010年间的中国专利密集型产业与非专利密集型产业的创新效率体系进行了对比研究。其中,2001-2005年为第一阶段,专利密集型产业专利RD投入的技术效率要高于非专利密集型产业;2006-2010年为第二阶段,专利密集型产业的经济产出绩效要低于非专利密集型产业,两阶段的不同主要是由于纯技术效率的变化引起的。总的来说,2001-2010年间的综合阶段的整体效率主要由第二阶段的经济产出绩效决定。文末对此现象进行了分析并据此提出了相关政策与建议。 相似文献
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结合专利密集型产业研究,制定湖北省专利密集型产业目录,明晰专利密集型产业的界定.同时,参照相关产业的知识产权统计数据,分析湖北省专利密集型产业发展对经济增长的贡献度,并提出相应策略与建议.以期为制定重点产业知识产权规划及发展战略,推动与产业链相匹配的知识产权布局提供参考借鉴. 相似文献
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通过调研国内外文献和报告,从专利密集型产业的测度理论、测度指标、专利数据选取以及专利与产业的关联4个方面厘清专利密集型产业测度的研究现状和存在问题.结果 表明:专利密集型产业的测度以产品生产函数理论为主流方法,以专利密度为主要测度标准,反映出专利密集型产业拥有专利要素优势的特点;测度指标逐渐从单指标过渡到多指标,指标体系日渐完善,但仍然以测度产业专利数量密集程度为主,未能体现出专利质量对产业发展的影响;对专利数据的选取并无定论,数据来源亦十分单一,并且主要从产业视角进行专利与产业的关联.基于上述结论,提出未来应考虑从专利质量、中小类产业测度以及企业视角等方面开展深入细致的专利密集型产业测度工作. 相似文献
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基于PP-SFA模型对我国专利密集型产业产出效率进行测度,分析影响专利密集型产业产出效率的影响因素,并利用具有速度特征的时空演化模型分析专利密集型产业效率动态演化趋势。研究结果表明：我国专利密集型产业产出效率处于一般水平,仍有可提升空间,不同专利密集型产业间产出效率存在明显差异且发展不平衡。对于专利密集型产业产出效率影响因素,政府支持、研发投入强度、竞争程度、研发外部经费均对产出效率具有正向影响,但研发投入强度的作用效果最为显著。在时空演化方面,我国专利密集型产业产出效率呈现波动变化趋势。研究结果为专利密集型产业产出效率提升提供了理论支撑,并为专利密集型产业发展提供建议参考。 相似文献
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张贵平 《科技成果管理与研究》2016,(2)
通过工业企业各产业专利密集型产业指数的实证分析,比较各产业的专利密集型产业指数,应用定性和定量宏观评估贵州省工业企业各相关产业受专利的影响和作用,为贵州省工业企业产业升级转型保驾护航. 相似文献
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针对贵州省知识产权（专利）密集型产业的识别界定标准和产业分类尚未建立的现状，参考借鉴国家知识产权局、国家统计局以及美国商务部和欧洲专利局等的知识产权（专利）密集型产业界定标准，基于2017—2021年期间贵州省专利基础信息，从专利文献及产业情报视角，研究识别出贵州省知识产权（专利）密集型产业，并研究分析贵州省知识产权（专利）密集型产业特征、发展态势、产业分布、专利分布及变化趋势，以期为贵州省识别、监测和培育发展知识产权（专利）密集型产业提供情报支撑和决策参考。研究发现，贵州省知识产权（专利）密集型产业发展保持了较好延续性，发明专利规模整体呈增长趋势，而各产业发明专利密集度则有所波动，专利地区分布严重不均衡；满足贵州省知识产权（专利）密集型产业条件的行业减少，范围呈集中趋势；贵州省知识产权（专利）密集型产业与国家知识产权（专利）密集型产业及战略性新兴产业具有较好协同性，行业种类较国家层面更为广泛；贵州省知识产权（专利）密集型产业与当地特色优势产业契合度高，但其产业总产值与专利支撑程度反差巨大，专利对产业的贡献未充分体现，应着力促进创新链与产业链融合协同发展。 相似文献
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采用"专利密度"的概念对专利密集型产业进行了定义,对规模以上工业产业的专利密度和工业总产值进行了分析。2008—2010年的数据显示,专利密集型产业的专利申请数量占整个工业产业的比例分别为77.41%、80.90%和75.58%,对工业总产值的贡献率分别为41.37%、49.68%和39.04%。在我国创新驱动、转型发展的政策背景下,专利密集型产业不仅带来了更多的创新产品,而且为我国工业总产值的贡献率也不容小觑。建议进一步完善在专利转化为生产力方面的法规、财政、税收等制度,从而增强专利密集型产业的竞争力,更好地为经济发展提供动力。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献