Constructive Criticisms of Methodological and Editorial Practices   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Thomas R. Knapp  Shlomo S. Sawilowsky 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(1):65-79

Thompson (1999a and elsewhere) has taken strong positions on a variety of methodological issues. In this article, the authors critique some of those positions and provide alternative views for each.  相似文献   

The effect of ball-carrying technique and experience on sprinting in rugby union     

Mark Walsh  Brad Young  Brian Hill  Kevin Kittredge  Thelma Horn 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):185-192

Abstract

There are several ways of carrying the ball in rugby union, which could influence the speed at which a player can run. We assessed 52 rugby players (34 males, 18 females) during a maximum sprint over 30 m without the ball, with the ball under one arm, and with the ball in both hands. Timing gates were used to measure time over the initial 10 m and the last 20 m. It has previously been reported (Grant et al., 2003 Grant, S. J., Oommen, G., McColl, G., Taylor, J., Watkins, L.Friel, N. 2003. The effects of ball carrying method on sprint speed in rugby union football players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21: 1009–1015. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) that running with the ball produces a slower sprinting speed than running without the ball. We hypothesized that the decrease in speed caused by carrying the ball would become less marked with the experience of the player. The male and female players were each divided into two groups: a “beginner” group that consisted of players in their first or second season and an “experienced” group that was composed of players who had played for more than two seasons. A 2 × 3 mixed-model analysis of variance was used to identify differences (P < 0.01) between the beginner and experienced groups in the three sprinting conditions. The times for the males for the first 10 m sprints without the ball, with the ball under one arm, and with the ball in both hands were 1.87 ± 0.08 s, 1.87 ± 0.08 s, and 1.91 ± 0.1 s for the beginners, and 1.87 ± 0.1, 1.88 ± 0.1 and 1.88 ± 0.12 for the more experienced players respectively. The times for the females for the first 10 m without the ball, with the ball under one arm, and with the ball in both hands were 2.13 ± 0.16 s, 2.19 ± 0.17 s, and 2.20 ± 0.16 s for the beginners, and 2.03 ± 0.12 s, 2.03 ± 0.09 s, and 2.04 ± 0.1 s for the more experienced players respectively. For the last 20 m of the 30-m sprint, there were differences between the different sprint conditions (P < 0.001) but no differences that were attributable to experience (P = 0.297). The times for the males over the last 20 m without the ball, with the ball under one arm, and with the ball in both hands were 2.58 ± 0.19 s, 2.61 ± 0.12 s, and 2.65 ± 0.12 s for the beginners, and 2.59 ± 0.12, 2.62 ± 0.23, and 2.65 ± 0.18 s for the more experienced players respectively. The times for the females over the last 20 m without the ball, with the ball under one arm, and with the ball in both hands were 3.25 ± 0.38 s, 3.35 ± 0.42 s, and 3.40 ± 0.46 s for the beginners, and 3.04 ± 0.32 s, 3.06 ± 0.22 s, and 3.13 ± 0.27 s for the more experienced players respectively. No gender-specific differences were detected. The results of this study suggest that practising sprints while carrying a ball benefits the early phase of sprinting while carrying the ball.  相似文献   

乳酸何去何从--运动抗肿瘤的作用及其特异性研究     

漆正堂 《体育科学》2020,(4):50-58

乳酸是运动与肿瘤的共同代谢物。组织器官之间的乳酸穿梭是运动中骨骼肌快速合成ATP并维持工作能力的前提。运动与肿瘤发生风险负相关已成共识,但在乳酸代谢层面存在一定的矛盾,运动加快了乳酸在组织间周转,而"抗肿瘤"要求减少甚至切断乳酸穿梭。因此,首先讨论了4个与乳酸有关的机制冲突:1)运动乳酸生成对肿瘤微环境的利弊;2)运动激活乳酸脱氢酶对癌细胞生长的利弊;3)线粒体乳酸代谢是碳源循环利用还是加速肿瘤增长;4)乳酸诱导脂肪褐化是改善代谢还是加剧恶病质。为解决这些冲突,讨论了肌肉、肝脏、血液与癌细胞之间的乳酸交换机制,提出肌乳酸清除阈、肝乳酸转化阈、癌细胞乳酸阈、血乳酸阈等4个限制条件,进一步理解运动抗肿瘤的特异性。  相似文献   

人力资本专用性、技术创新能力与新产品开发绩效关系研究——基于创新类型的实证分析          下载免费PDF全文

吴爱华  苏敬勤 《科学学研究》2012,30(6):950-960

 探索专用性程度不同的人力资本对突破性创新能力和渐进性创新能力的影响、两种不同的技术创新能力对新产品开发绩效的影响以及专用性程度不同的人力资本在创新能力与绩效之间的调节作用。以我国157家企业为样本,以企业规模、R&D投入、环境的不确定性、需求不确定性和竞争强度作为控制变量,构建理论模型并进行检验。研究结果表明：人力资本的专用性越强,渐进性产品创新能力而非突破性产品创新能力越强。然而人力资本专用性较弱并不负面影响突破性产品创新能力对新产品绩效的效果,相反,对于渐进性产品创新能力来说,弱专用性人力资本有利于新产品绩效而强专用性人力资本不利于新产品绩效。  相似文献   

构建具有民办高校特色的党建工作机制     

史迎霞 《北京城市学院学报》2011,(5):6-9

建立具有民办高校特色的党建工作运行机制,对于全面加强和改进民办高校的党建工作具有重要意义.本文从民办高校党建工作的特殊性出发,结合辽宁对外经贸学院14年的党建工作实际,提出构建民办高校党建工作机制的三个着眼点,并从目标管理机制、党员教育机制以及保障机制三个方面着重论述了如何构建具有民办高校特色的党建工作机制.  相似文献   

舞蹈生态与中国民族舞蹈的特异性     

刘军 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(1):154

舞蹈是我国历史和文化的积淀下来的宝贵财富,每一个民族都拥有自己独特的原生态舞蹈,其在舞蹈语言,如:形态、节奏等方面都存在一定差异性,随着时间的推移,逐渐形成民族特异性。舞蹈生态环境,对舞蹈特异性具有深远影响。本文将对社会、自然等环境对民族舞蹈特异性的影响进行分析和研究,为更好地传承和发扬我国传统舞蹈文化提供借鉴。  相似文献   

教育政策的特点分析     

包海芹 《教育学术月刊》2011,(1):3-6

教育政策的特点研究是教育政策研究走向独立的重要标志之一,文章从教育政策的目标、利益主体、权力配置和政策效果评估等几个方面探讨了教育政策的特殊性,并讨论了教育政策特殊性在理论和实践方面的意义。  相似文献   

创新型外包项目如何提升接包方能力——基于专项投资的路径分析     

郑淞月  刘益  孙彪 《科技管理研究》2015,(21)

在离岸服务外包的新一轮产业升级的背景下,基于动态能力的视角探讨接包方企业为应对创新型项目的复杂性,通过有形与无形专项投资进行资源配置与调整,进而提升自身能力的路径。实证发现,项目的结构复杂性对两种专项投资都有正向促进作用,动态复杂性与有形专项投资呈倒U型关系,与无形专项投资则呈正向线性相关;而两种专项投资都对企业的能力提升有正向促进作用,并且这种关系彼此促进。  相似文献   

网络特性与网络融合   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张维华  骆品亮  郑绍濂 《研究与发展管理》2002,14(2):17-23

从网络外部性、规模经济性及范围经济性三个方面分析网络的基本特性,揭示网络融合成因的经济学基础;并针对我国三网融合进程现状提出发展战略及若干对策性建议。  相似文献   

知识专用性视角下企业引入职业经理人的方式策略     

张红波  周玲 《科研管理》2010,31(1):185-189

摘要：分析研究了潜在经理人的知识专用性对企业选择引入职业经理人方式的影响。分析表明：如果企业对潜在经理人的知识专用性要求较低,企业会更注重经理人的能力,因而会倾向于采取外部招聘方式;而当企业对潜在经理人的知识专用性要求较高时,企业更倾向于采取内部提拔方式。文章最后运用理论分析结果对成功引入职业经理人的典型实例进行了解释。  相似文献