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31.
Abstract

Purpose: This paper assesses the effectiveness of volunteer farmer trainers in promoting adoption of agricultural technologies in western Kenya. Specifically, the purpose was to assess the type of information they disseminated, farmer trainers' characteristics desirable to farmer trainees, and how trainees evaluate farmer trainers.

Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through focused group and open discussions, and interviews with 44 farmer trainers (32% women) and 91 trainees (63% women). Effectiveness of training was assessed based on level of learner satisfaction and attributes pertaining to knowledge, skill, attitude and application of the learning on farms. Other topics examined included selection of farmer trainers, organization of training, type, how and to whom information is disseminated, and farmer trainers' constraints and opportunities.

Findings: Farmer trainers played important roles such as mobilizing and training fellow farmers, hosting demonstration plots, bulking and distributing planting materials. They were, however, rated slightly lower in follow-ups and seed bulking. Farmer trainers disseminate on average two to four different types of technology. Crop-based technologies were disseminated more than livestock-based ones because of their simplicity. Technical backstopping from extension workers remains a challenge, which may compromise quality of information disseminated. The survey showed that the approach is sustainable, with farmer trainers continuing their work several years after project support had ended.

Practical implications: The results from this study are of use to development programmes keen on using low-cost, community-based dissemination approaches. Recommendations are also given on selecting farmer trainers, organizing training, types of technologies to disseminate incentives, and sustainability.

Originality/value: The added value lies in filling information gaps in the use and effectiveness of the farmer trainer approach in promoting technology dissemination.  相似文献   
32.
Abstract

Purpose

Rwanda is developing its agricultural capacity to meet the needs of national food security while addressing food demands and requirements of regional and international markets. The Rwanda Horticultural Export Standards Initiative was developed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources in collaboration with Michigan State University to strengthen Rwanda's ability to meet both public and private standards for exports of food and agricultural products through capacity building.  相似文献   
33.
Abstract

This essay examines the theme of the unknown meanings of Native American rock art in interpretive materials at rock art sites in order to explore the rhetorical constitution of indeterminacy in neocolonial contexts. The implications of indeterminacy are explored through Peters's (1999) discussion of dissemination and dialogue as normative models of communication. This analysis demonstrates that indeterminacy is used to license appropriations and polysemic interpretations of the traces of indigenous cultures, thereby enabling the projection of Western cultural imaginings onto the rock art and discouraging engagement with the interiority of indigenous others.  相似文献   
34.
纵观中外广告发展的历史轨迹,现代派艺术对广告创意及设计有着重大、深远的影响。它使广告更加富有创意,表现形式更加多样,灵动且充满生气;同时,它使广告的构图更加符合人们的审美知觉模式,给人们带来更强的视觉冲击力及美感。现代派艺术与商品特点及广告诉求点巧妙结合,会有效的增加广告的可看性及说服力。  相似文献   
35.
Education researchers want to influence classroom practice, but in-service primary teachers are hard to reach. Thus, many researchers disseminate their innovations online. Dissemination by event may be a more effective means, but little is known about its relative value in a dissemination strategy, nor potential influence upon research innovation downloads.This quantitative study analysed the influence of dissemination events on downloads of a research innovation called the TAPS Pyramid over one year. The location, size and date for dissemination events were mapped against location data for downloads during the same time period. Downloads were significantly higher in regions where dissemination events were held and positively correlated with dissemination event frequency. Event size was not found to be significant.By demonstrating the value of dissemination events in stimulating downloads of educational research innovations online, these results also show the centrality of social learning opportunities to a successful bimodal dissemination strategy.  相似文献   
36.
【目的】探讨在数字出版环境中把握机遇、组织和重构出版技术和理念、提高高校学报传播能力的策略。【方法】从高校学报的传播现状出发,分析了高校学报的传播路径、传播能力及传播效果。【结果】 高校学报传播路径单一、传播能力及传播效果低下,造成学报信息的低效传播。高校学报应从信源着手,探索新的信息传播内容和形式,提高信息的针对性、适宜性和质量; 坚持多种发展战略,实现真正的数字出版; 为受众着想,注重信息互动,增强信息传播的源动力。【结论】只有认真研究高校学报的传播规律,认识到高校学报传播的现状和不足,才能在不断加剧的市场竞争中掌握主动权。  相似文献   
37.
模因论是基于新达尔文进化论阐述语言文化进化规律的新理论,为语言学的研究提供了新的视角.本文以模因论为切入点,探讨模因论与大学英语听说教学的关系,以期找到促进学生听说能力进步的方法与途径.  相似文献   
38.
长期以来,人们普遍将法国学派视为“影响研究”学派,将“传播研究”与“影响研究”等同起来。现在看来,“法国学派”的方法是“传播研究”而不是“影响研究”,我们有必要将“传播研究”从“影响研究”中剥离出来,将这两种不同形态的比较学研究加以明确的界定和区分。这有助于我们深入认识“传播研究”的独特的方法论特征、它的意义和价值,使“传播研究”与“影响研究”互有分工而又相互补充,使我们对比较学的研究范围和方法的划分更为科学化,在研究实践上也更具可操作性。  相似文献   
39.

Objective

References from drug-related Wikipedia articles and a drug information database were compared.

Methods

Drugs in Food and Drug Administration (FDA) MedWatch alerts from January–July 2013 were searched in Wikipedia and Lexicomp to compare reference types and to assess the time for drug safety information to be incorporated into Wikipedia articles.

Results

Wikipedia most commonly cited peer-reviewed journal articles (49.2%) and news articles (12.0%). MedWatch citations were incorporated into Wikipedia on average in 5.9 days.

Conclusions

Wikipedia cited various sources but may not be a reliable, up-to-date resource for drug safety information.  相似文献   
40.
在全球化时代,中西方文化互相渗透,使得文化传播变得可能也变得必要。汉语成语多蕴藏着中国几千年悠久深厚的文化,本文从文化传播的视角分析汉语成语的翻译,分析表明,译者在"同"与"异"的权衡中恰当地表现"异",采取适度异化的翻译策略有助于实现传播中国民族文化的目的。  相似文献   
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