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提升专利质量已经成为中国科技发展迫切需要解决的现实问题。基于专利化过程提出"三阶段—两维度"专利质量测量指标体系模型,即从技术发明、申请审查和授权保护3个阶段,技术质量和经济质量2个维度构建专利质量测度指标体系,以中国C9联盟高校为例进行实证研究。结果显示:C9联盟高校专利普遍具有低被引、低转化率、维持时间短等特点,与全社会专利平均水平相比,高校专利在技术质量方面具有显著优势;C9联盟高校专利质量在不同的阶段呈现出不同的分布态势,其中清华大学专利在3个阶段的经济质量和技术质量均比较突出;与世界大学学术排名(ARWU)中学术水平相比,C9联盟高校学术水平与专利质量存在显著分化,两者之间相关性较弱。 相似文献
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杨张博 《科学学与科学技术管理》2018,(7)
关注战略联盟网络中,间接联盟关系及联盟类型多样性对技术创新数量和质量是否存在差异化影响。以网络理论和技术创新理论为基础,基于USPTO专利数据库、Recap联盟数据库和Compustat上市企业数据库,使用泊松回归对假设进行验证,研究发现:企业间接联系增加仅对创新质量有负向影响;企业联盟类型多样性增加对创新数量和创新质量都具有正向影响。 相似文献
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为解决国内产业专利联盟结盟的困境,从产业集群理论和集群产业知识产权治理视角探讨产业集群理论应用于指导专利联盟组建和治理的适宜性.回溯LED产业专利联盟(LPA)组建历程,研究发现LED产业专利联盟发挥了产业集群主管部门的协同作用,降低了产业进行专利联盟协议缔结、核心专利筛选和利益分配博弈的复杂程度,优先瞄准解决共性问题;联盟秘书处开展的理清产业价值链、完善内部网络制定、建立服务生态系统、建立培训服务体系和设立产业专利数据库的活动,成为集群企业参加专利联盟、完善内部治理的主要因素. 相似文献
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基于纵向结构的专利联盟效应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于纵向结构的专利联盟是全球最具有影响力和普遍意义的专利联盟.本文基于 Kim的分析框架,讨论基于纵向结构的专利联盟对联盟成员企业利润、市场竞争及最终产品价格的影响,得出三个基本结论:一是基于纵向结构的专利联盟能够使联盟成员企业获得最大化的利润,这充分说明专利联盟的构建是有其内在利益驱动的;二是专利联盟的专利许可费用构成了阻止性进入壁垒,使下游专业化生产商被排除市场,这说明基于纵向结构的专利联盟具有市场垄断性;三是专利联盟降低了最终产品价格,社会福利效应显著加强.一个自然的推论是:基于纵向结构的专利联盟的构建具有合理性,但是对于没有掌握核心技术的专业化制造商则具有排斥性. 相似文献
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专利联盟能否帮助联盟成员防范联盟伙伴专利诉讼？基于联盟学习、合作竞争和社会网络理论,着眼于专利联盟网络,以2006—2018年MPEGLA管理的12个专利联盟成员为样本,通过14 454组配对,采用负二项回归模型实证研究专利联盟对遭受联盟伙伴专利诉讼的影响机制,并分析探索式合作、竞争性学习、网络中心位置和技术相似性的调节作用。研究发现：专利联盟与遭受联盟伙伴专利诉讼强度呈正向关系,探索式合作、竞争性学习和网络中心位置显著削弱专利联盟与专利诉讼的关系,而技术相似性显著强化专利联盟与专利诉讼的关系。本文拓展了专利联盟对联盟伙伴互动的影响路径,对于高技术企业有效利用专利联盟并防范联盟伙伴专利诉讼具有现实指导意义。 相似文献
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基于标准的专利联盟组建与稳定性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用博弈论方法研究了专利联盟的组建和稳定性问题。针对现代专利联盟与标准紧密结合的事实,证明了事后的专利联盟因专利持有人搭便车和对下游制造商进行敲竹杠的动机而难以维系。而在标准制定过程中,专利持有人对许可费进行联合承诺则能够引导事前专利联盟形成。作为非合作博弈的结果,事前的专利联盟是稳定的并有利于提高社会福利。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献