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1.
通过对两名高水平女子链球运动员双侧的髋关节和膝关节进行等速测试,探究运动员髋关节和膝关节周围肌群的生物力学特性,为运动训练和运动康复等提供理论依据。利用等速肌力测试系统对两名运动员的髋关节和膝关节屈伸肌群以及髋关节的旋内旋外肌群进行等速测试。结果发现:两名运动员双侧髋关节和膝关节屈伸肌群以及髋关节的旋内旋外肌群的峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势,髋膝关节峰力矩屈伸比和髋关节旋内旋外比随既定测试速度的增加呈递增趋势;同一测试速度下,伸肌肌群的峰力矩大于屈肌肌群,髋关节旋外肌群的峰力矩大于旋内肌群。 相似文献
2.
跳远运动员专项成绩与专项身体素质相关关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对我国 10名男子跳远运动员的专项成绩、专项身体素质以及下肢髋、膝和踝 3大关节等速屈伸肌力矩等指标进行测试。通过相关分析探讨了跳远运动员专项身体素质、下肢力量水平与专项成绩之间的关系 ,发现髋关节屈伸肌肌力、膝关节屈伸肌肌力和伸肌的离心肌力以及踝关节的跖屈肌力与跳远成绩相关 相似文献
3.
瞿祥虎 《武汉体育学院学报》1988,(5)
用肌匀浆酸碱滴定法测定小鼠腓肠肌红、白肌部分,趾肌、比目鱼肌和股外肌红、白肌部分的酸碱缓冲容量。其值分别为84.9、87.1、76.6、78.2、77.6、和86.1 slykes。腓肠肌的红、白肌部分,以及股外肌白端的缓冲容量显著高于其他三类肌肉(P<0.05)。似乎,含快肌成分愈高的肌肉,其缓冲容量愈大。 相似文献
4.
目的：了解不同收缩特性肌肉酶活性的差异以及可能的调控机制。方法：选取雄性SD大鼠IOR。提取浅层胫前肌、股中间肌和比目鱼肌,测得乳酸脱氢酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、肌球蛋白Ca^2＋-ATPase活性及MyoD、myogenin的mRNA基因表达。结果：浅层胫前肌乳酸脱氢酶活性显著高于股中间肌;股中间肌琥珀酸脱氢酶活性显著高于浅层胫前肌;浅层胫前肌肌球蛋白Ca^2＋—ATP酶活性显著高于股中间肌;比目鱼肌myogenin的mRNA显著高于浅层胫前肌;后者MyoD的mRNA表达明显高于前者。结论：快肌无氧酵解酶活性高于慢肌,慢肌有氧氧化酶活性高于快肌,快肌肌球蛋白Ca^2＋-LATPase活性高于慢肌,慢肌myogenin表达高,而快肌MyoD表达高。 相似文献
5.
采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、测试法、数理统计法,探讨和研究了舞龙运动员等速运动状态下肩关节屈伸肌群的力学特征以及肌力的相互关系。结果表明:舞龙运动员肩关节屈伸肌的峰值力矩和相对峰力矩随着测试角速度的增加而下降;且左侧肩关节屈伸肌的峰值力矩和相对峰力矩均大于另一侧;肩关节屈伸肌峰力矩和相对峰力矩值均表现为伸肌群明显大于屈肌群;肩关节伸肌的峰力矩均大于屈肌的峰力矩;伸肌群的平均功率也明显大于屈肌群的平均功率。 相似文献
6.
连续力竭性运动后大鼠血乳酸的持续升高 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
连续力竭性运动后,大鼠血乳酸和肌乳酸浓度显著升高,而肌糖原显著降低。虽经48小时休息,血和肌乳酸浓度以及肌糖原均未能恢复至安静水平,肌细胞内线粒体明显水肿,显示乳酸未被有效氧化或合成糖原。这可能与细胞膜的转运障碍及线粒体氧化还原酶系的机能障碍有关。 相似文献
7.
利用16通道遥测肌电测试仪对优秀男排主攻手的上肢肌、下肢肌和躯干肌共计十二块肌肉进行现场测试,探讨4号位强攻助跑起跳过程中某肌肉在不同时程,以及不同肌肉在同一时程的肌电变化特征.测试结果表明:在所测阶段里,右侧肱二头肌的肌电振幅最大,放电最强,兴奋程度最高,这为排球4号位强攻助跑起跳技术的教学和训练提供理论参考. 相似文献
8.
9.
仰卧起坐是一种简单、常用的身体练习手段。它的运动形式是躯体的屈体运动,其练习的意义主要在于发展腹直肌、髂腰肌和骨盆底肌以及腹内、外斜肌等的力量。仰卧起坐对肌肉影响最大的是髂腰肌和腹直肌。但是仰卧起坐应在屈腿条件下完成,因此,预先的屈腿,迫使髂腰肌先行缩短,这样 相似文献
10.
采用文献资料、生理测试、数理统计等方法,对上海市女子散打队12名队员进行等速运动测试,并对其力量特征进行分析,认为:女子散打运动员背部屈肌最大力量、平均功率以及背部屈肌的耐力,是优秀女子散打运动员的力量特征之一;左膝最大伸肌力量、左膝屈肌收缩速度、左膝屈肌速度力量耐力也是优秀女子散打运动员力量特征之一. 相似文献
11.
本体感觉在体育运动中起极其重要的作用,而以往的研究对无意识本体感觉有所忽略。对意识和无意识本体感觉的神经机制、功能作用、评价方法、影响因素与训练方法做了较全面的综述。首先,意识和无意识本体感觉在其中枢机制、对刺激的感知及应答方式上存在区别;其次,总结了经典的本体感觉评价方法：感觉阈限测量法、关节角度重建法、力量匹配法、视觉模型法、主动运动区分测试、平衡能力测试和体感诱发电位测量法,其中后面两种方法可以用于评价无意识本体感觉。第三,总结了影响本体感觉敏锐性的年龄、损伤和疲劳、运动经历等因素;最后,在如何提高本体感觉方面,主动运动训练、被动运动训练、本体感觉刺激训练等可以提高意识性本体感觉,本体感觉神经肌肉促进法和扰动训练等可以改善无意识本体感觉。本体感觉还有待更多的研究,尤其是以高水平运动员为对象的研究。 相似文献
12.
刘旸 《体育科技文献通报》2012,20(1):34-35
以2010年世锦赛体操比赛男子运动员以及比赛成绩为研究对象,通过文献法、观察法和数理统计对相关资料进行归纳、对比和分析。结果表明：中国队以4金4银1铜总计9块奖牌雄居榜首,继续保持世界体坛霸主地位。本次比赛单项优势明显,收获4金2银,吊环、双杠两大王牌项目继续保持优势地位。但男队全能实力急剧下滑,全能人才的匮乏是中国男队今后需要解决的一大难题。 相似文献
13.
Toru Ishihara Shigemi Sugasawa Yusuke Matsuda Masao Mizuno 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(8):1074-1083
This study evaluated the association between the frequency of tennis play and executive function in children and adolescents. One hundred and six junior tennis players (6–15 years old) participated in this study. Executive function, including inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility were evaluated at rest. Females showed better inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility than males. In males, more frequent tennis play was associated with higher basic processing speed and inhibitory control after controlling for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and tennis experience. More frequent tennis play was associated with better working memory in both males and females after controlling for age, gender, BMI, and tennis experience. Furthermore, longer tennis experience was related to better cognitive flexibility in males after controlling for age, gender, BMI, and frequency of tennis play. These findings suggest that tennis play is associated with the development of three foundational aspects of executive function (i.e. inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility). Especially, frequent participation in tennis play is related to better inhibitory control and working memory, while longer experience of tennis play is associated with better cognitive flexibility. Although development of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility is slower in males than in females, the associations between tennis play and inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility appear to be larger in males than in females. 相似文献
14.
西北地区体育旅游资源开发的前瞻性分析 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
结合旅游资源学理论，采用文献资料调研、归纳分析法以及逻辑分析法，对西北地区潜在的体育旅游资源进行了分析，研究结论：1)西北地区体育旅游自然资源可分为山地峡谷、草原草地、沙漠戈壁、河流湖泊、温泉冷泉5个亚类，体育旅游人文资源可分为民族传统体育和高原训练基地2个亚类；2)开发要以目标市场为导向，坚持特色性、文化性、市场性、环保性原则，重点突出地域特色和民族特色；3)开辟体育旅游资源开发的融资渠道，形成多元化的投资主体新格局。 相似文献
15.
中华民族传统体育作为中华民族优秀传统文化之一,是中华民族的文化血脉和精神家园,是实现"健康中国"和中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦的重要力量。以武术、太极拳、八段锦、导引术等为代表的民族传统体育项目是实现人们强身健体、修身养性和娱乐身心的有效手段,也是凝聚民族情感、促进文化认同和实现文化传承的有益路径。新时代为中华民族传统体育的认同、传承和发展带来了难得的机遇,但城镇化、认同焦虑、受众单一和推广危机是新时代中华民族传统体育发展必须克服的挑战。新时代中华民族传统体育发展要建好三个点、抓住两条线、形成一个面,做到点线面全覆盖和相结合,形成新时代中华民族传统体育齐抓共管的良性治理体系,是解决中华民族传统体育日渐式微、难以进入社区和推广治理效能不高的政策路径,是中华民族传统体育文化传播和落地生根的关键路径,还是中华民族传统体育文化复兴的必由之路。 相似文献
16.
Collegiate basketball is one of the most popular and most watched forms of amateur sport in the Philippines. Like any sport, collegiate basketball is governed by actors and stakeholders and characterized by issues and challenges. Employing a policy-capacity and synthesis integrative review approach, this article identifies the actors, stakeholders, and institutions of the Philippines two leading college basketball leagues, namely, the Universities Athletic Association of the Philippines and the National Collegiate Athletic Association and analyses the critical issues that confront these leagues in the context of college basketball governance. Issues include an overly powerful board of directors in relation to league commissioners, a lack of accountability mechanisms, alleged piracy of coaches and players, recruitment of players and coaches, the two-year residency rule, and parity in media coverage. Accordingly, the article assesses necessary on-going policy capacities and reforms which college basketball leagues undertake to achieve sound governance. 相似文献
17.
我国多数男生引体向上得"零"分，使上肢力量测评出现"地板效应"。采用量化研究和质性研究两种范式提高研究效度。量化研究对学生体质与健康调研数据和监测数据进行方差分析、多重比较和回归分析，结果表明：（1）每5~10年，男生的握力、体重、身高、BMI、引体向上均值差异显著；（2）年龄、握力、体重、身高、BMI分别显著预测引体向上成绩，体重和握力是影响我国男生引体向上成绩的主要影响因素。质性研究结果表明，引体向上"零"分主要有四个方面的原因：体重增长难挡，力量增长受限，个体认知偏差，社会支持薄弱。结论：我国男生引体向上"零"分的首要原因是体重增长较快，其次，主要肌群绝对力量和耐力增长不足，男生对引体向上的认知有偏差，学校、家长、社会支持较弱；借助政策控制体重、发展肌力、完善测评标准、促进男生积极练习引体向上十分重要。 相似文献
18.
KEITH P. GEORGE PHILIP E. GATES KAREN M. BIRCH IAN G. CAMPBELL 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):633-642
In this study,we investigated resting left ventricular dimensions and function in trained female rowers, canoeists and cyclists. In male populations, such athletes have demonstrated the largest left ventricular wall thicknesses and cavity dimensions. Echocardiograms were analysed from 24 athletes (rowers and canoeists, n=12; cyclists, n=12) and 21 age-matched controls to measure left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and volume, and septal (ST) and posterior wall (PWT) thicknesses. Left ventricular mass was calculated from M-mode data. Systolic and diastolic function were calculated from M-mode and Doppler echocardiography, respectively. Height, body mass, body surface area and fat-free mass were determined anthropometrically. The athletes were well matched with the controls for all anthropometric variables except fat-free mass (rowers and canoeists 49.7 3.6 kg, cyclists 48.0?+\- 3.8 kg, controls 45.0?+\- 5.4 kg; P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, mass and volume, and septal and posterior wall thicknesses, were all significantly greater in the athletes than the controls (P < 0.05). These differences persisted (except for left ventricular end-diastolic dimension) even after allometric adjustment for group differences in fat-free mass. Stroke volume was larger (rowers and canoeists 102?+\- 13 ml, cyclists 103?+\0 16 ml, controls 80?+\- 15 ml; P < 0.05) in both groups of athletes but all other functional data were similar between groups. As in male athletes, female rowers, canoeists and cyclists displayed significantly larger left ventricular cavity dimensions and wall thicknesses than controls. 相似文献
19.
《Sport Management Review》2017,20(2):145-158
Sport Management Review celebrates 20 years of publishing research, and this milestone provides an opportunity to reflect on sport consumer research and offer possible directions for scholarship. This article utilizes a panel of 17 academic scholars to examine sport consumer research published in SMR as an exemplar; and then, more broadly, how to enhance sport consumer research and identify future trends in the sport industry. This information, combined with an article analysis, revealed two key findings. First, the quality of scholarship was acknowledged with noted weaknesses related to improving and diversifying methodology, stronger attention to theoretical development, and relevance to industry. Second, traditional boundaries of sport consumer research will expand due to technology, a broadening sport landscape, and links to other academic disciplines. In order to account for industry trends and address noted theoretical limitations, a Sport Experience Design (SX) framework is introduced, which consists of three interrelated elements: (a) the sport context in which a sport consumer navigates through an experience and interacts with touchpoints, (b) the sport user, with mental processes, psychological needs, and personal characteristics, and (c) the sport organization, which produces the sport experience to achieve organizational goals. The framework provides a holistic consumer-centred approach that considers cognitive, organizational, and physical relevant design factors that enhance customer satisfaction and engagement by improving use and pleasure of sport experiences. 相似文献
20.
赛事愿景是目标和理念的凝练和提升,是主办城市、地区、国家认同的产物,是实物、场景、建筑等有形物与理念、品牌、认同等无形物的统一。借鉴其他国际赛事,杭州亚运会的愿景应在准确把握亚运会的定位基础上,从中国两个一百年目标与浙江特色、亚洲与世界奥林匹克发展趋势、民意等总结提炼,最终达到动机与目标的对位,遗产与实践的对应,理念与宣传的对接。 相似文献