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1.
[目的/意义] 眼动追踪在人机交互研究中应用广泛。对人机交互研究中的眼动追踪进行分析，可以深入理解人机交互中应用眼动追踪的研究现状、眼动追踪在此过程中的作用，以及今后研究的动向。[方法/过程] 以Web of Science和ACM等数据库为数据来源，使用Python和VOSviewer对相关研究主题进行聚类，并就相关文章内容进行总结，从"量"和"质"的角度分析人机交互研究中有关眼动追踪的内容。[结果/结论] 交互输入、输出和应用方向是相关研究主要关注的主题，而眼动追踪在不同的研究主题中发挥着不同的作用。基于"量"和"质"的分析而总结的研究动向，可以为后续眼动追踪和人机交互相关研究提供参考与借鉴。 相似文献
2.
眼动追踪技术在国外信息行为研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究采取内容分析法对国外信息行为领域2003-2018年发表的62篇应用眼动追踪技术的实证型文章进行分析。根据文献的内容特征,构建了包括眼动仪类型、眼动仪品牌、实验设计、辅助数据采集方法、数据分析这5个一级类目的内容分析编码表,基于此对文献进行编码及统计分析。本研究发现:①眼动追踪技术在国外信息行为研究中主要用于探讨用户搜索行为、阅读行为及购买行为等主题;②眼动设备和实验环境选择存在局限性;③研究方法多元化,定性研究与定量研究结合;④在目前的信息行为领域研究中,注视类指标和扫视类指标是最普遍被采用的眼动测量指标;⑤结合眼动追踪技术研究移动设备的用户信息行为成为趋势;⑥眼动情况的可视化视图作为简洁明了的信息展现方式,有利于强化研究人员的分析和增强读者的理解,将成为未来研究的趋势。经过十多年的发展,眼动追踪技术在信息行为领域被应用得越来越多,本研究通过内容分析揭示国外该领域采用眼动追踪技术的研究的特点,为信息行为的研究提供借鉴。 相似文献
3.
[目的/意义]调查新媒体环境下高校研究者科研信息行为,分析新媒体环境下高校研究者科研信息行为特征,为知识信息服务者提供科研信息服务提出建议与对策。[方法/过程]构建新媒体环境下科研信息行为特征模型,选取高校研究者作为调查样本,运用问卷调查法对其科研信息资源使用情况、科研信息获取行为、科研信息消化行为、科研信息追踪行为、科研信息交流行为及科研信息服务需求进行调查分析,验证新媒体环境下科研信息行为特征模型。[结果/结论]高校研究者对新媒体科研信息资源依赖度较高,对电子期刊的偏好最高,且关注信息资源的质量;科研信息获取行为呈现途径多元化的特征;科研信息消化行为呈现碎片化特征;科研信息追踪行为呈现传统途径居多、方式单一化的特征;科研信息交流行为呈现新媒体平台交流主导化的特征;新媒体平台科研信息服务需求呈现个性化的特征。除科研信息追踪行为特征与模型存在偏差外,基本验证了所构建的新媒体环境下科研信息行为特征模型。 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACTComputational social science has caused a shift of research paradigm in social science in general and communication in particular. The special issue brings together a community of active researchers to introduce computational social science for Asia-Pacific communication research. The special issue outlines major computational methods closely related to communication research and demonstrates how computational methods can be applied to address theoretical and practical questions in Asia-Pacific societies. The advantages and limitations of computational methods have been conceptually discussed and/or empirically illustrated. Finally, the special issue provides a guideline of conducting computational research for communication researchers in Asia-Pacific societies and beyond. 相似文献
5.
Justin Robert Keene Russell B. Clayton Collin K. Berke Travis Loof Paul D. Bolls 《Communication Research Reports》2017,34(3):265-274
The measurement of an individual’s heart rate has many relevant theoretical implications for communication research. However, there are reasons to believe that the most common way of reporting cardiac response—beats per minute (BPM)—might not be appropriate for all methodological situations. This article presents an overview of the historical use of cardiac activity within communication research, and provides a summary of the current conceptualizations of attention and resource allocation. To fully understand the difference between BPM and interbeat interval (IBI)—an alternate method for reporting cardiac response—a comparative analysis was performed on a data set from a previously published study. This article concludes with a set of suggestions that researchers may want to consider when utilizing BPM or IBI within communication research. 相似文献
6.
科学传播是共享科学技术研究和开发的相关信息的人类传播活动,可促进科学共同体与公众的沟通,参与并提高公民科学素质的研究和实践领域。在新冠疫情的背景下,其重要性和研究价值愈发凸显。为了梳理近十年来国内外科学传播发展的状况,跟踪该领域前沿研究进展,对比国内外研究之差异和差距,本文借助文献计量学方法、共词网络分析和知识图谱等手段,对科学传播领域的研究论文发表情况进行总结,并从研究机构、学术期刊、作者、国家和地区等不同维度对科学传播的学科建制发展进行深入剖析。最后,通过共词网络分析,本文对此领域的研究内容和主要议题进行分析和可视化呈现,以期为科学传播领域的研究者、实践者乃至参与其中的公众提供参考和启发。 相似文献
7.
ABSTRACTThe recent increase in digitally available data, tools, and processing power is fostering the use of computational methods to the study of communication. This special issue discusses the validity of using big data in communication science and showcases a number of new methods and applications in the fields of text and network analysis. Computational methods have the potential to greatly enhance the scientific study of communication because they allow us to move towards collaborative large-N studies of actual behavior in its social context. This requires us to develop new skills and infrastructure and meet the challenges of open, valid, reliable, and ethical “big data” research. By bringing together a number of leading scholars in one issue, we contribute to the increasing development and adaptation of computational methods in communication science. 相似文献
8.
René Weber J. Michael Mangus Richard Huskey Frederic R. Hopp Ori Amir Reid Swanson 《Communication methods and measures》2018,12(2-3):119-139
ABSTRACTMoral Foundations Theory (MFT) and the Model of Intuitive Morality and Exemplars (MIME) contend that moral judgments are built on a universal set of basic moral intuitions. A large body of research has supported many of MFT’s and the MIME’s central hypotheses. Yet, an important prerequisite of this research—the ability to extract latent moral content represented in media stimuli with a reliable procedure—has not been systematically studied. In this article, we subject different extraction procedures to rigorous tests, underscore challenges by identifying a range of reliabilities, develop new reliability test and coding procedures employing computational methods, and provide solutions that maximize the reliability and validity of moral intuition extraction. In six content analytical studies, including a large crowd-based study, we demonstrate that: (1) traditional content analytical approaches lead to rather low reliabilities; (2) variation in coding reliabilities can be predicted by both text features and characteristics of the human coders; and (3) reliability is largely unaffected by the detail of coder training. We show that a coding task with simplified training and a coding technique that treats moral foundations as fast, spontaneous intuitions leads to acceptable inter-rater agreement, and potentially to more valid moral intuition extractions. While this study was motivated by issues related to MFT and MIME research, the methods and findings in this study have implications for extracting latent content from text narratives that go beyond moral information. Accordingly, we provide a tool for researchers interested in applying this new approach in their own work. 相似文献
9.
Information policy research is a critical tool in the arsenal of library and information science researchers. As developments occur in information access, use, technology, and management, information policies require more attention and research. The article describes the nature of government information policy and policy research, characteristics of policy research, and examples of research methods and approaches that can be used. The differences between textbook-based policy research and how policy research might be implemented in action are also discussed, as are the inter-connectedness of information policies and ways to describe impacts of information policies. The article recommends that researchers and professionals give greater education, training, and professional association attention to using policy research on a day-to-day basis. 相似文献
10.
[目的/意义]揭示2002年以来图情领域重要国家在学术论文产出的总量、引证、研究主题、学术合作等维度上的学术贡献与特征演化,为图情领域的学科建设及相关研究者追踪研究主题与前沿提供参考。[方法/过程]以近15年WoS数据库收录的图情领域86种核心期刊为研究对象,应用文献计量学、科学知识图谱、计量模型等研究方法,运用TDA、Ucinet、VOSviewer等数据分析工具,从学术论文的总量特征、引证特征、主题特征三个角度对图情领域重要国家的学术贡献进行深入分析,并构建计量模型考察空间距离及学术能力对重要国家之间学术合作的影响机制。[结果/结论]美国在图情领域的科研实力强劲,中国的学术贡献增速最快,荷兰、芬兰、比利时三国则在归一化被引比率指标上表现突出;研究主题主要集中在图书馆、信息检索、互联网、知识管理、社交网络、计量学、用户研究、研究方法8个主题范畴,英国、西班牙、中国、美国的研究主题最为广泛;空间距离与学术能力都对国家间的学术合作具有显著影响。 相似文献
11.
《Library & information science research》1998,20(3):251-270
Three methods—explication, physical analysis, and citation patterns—are used to dissect a small literature: the information overload research from library studies. Explication is an exercise in critical reading and the trilevel explication used here examines overt research structure, backward citation chaining, and within- text inquiry. Overt structure seeks standard research characteristics. Backward citation chaining follows the abstract cognitive train of thought and a within-text inquiry analyzes textual anatomy according to implicit cues: syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic. Physical examination considers the text as artifact and inventories physical properties: publishing entity, co-authorship, literature age, or the amount of explanatory materials. Citation patterns follow bibliometric tenets and identify core researchers, co-authorship, linking citations, overall citing behavior, and the degree of peer- and self-citing. Crossdiscipline comparisons arise from a similar analysis of the overload research from consumer science and psychology/psychiatry. Conclusions arise from the literature itself and result in simple evidentiary statements. 相似文献
12.
情报学研究的层次性和研究模式探讨 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
探讨了新形势下情报学理论研究中存在的一些问题,如元问题认识混乱、外延过于宽泛、深层次发展动力发掘不足等,指出了网络环境下情报学的研究对象仍然是知识产生应用链条中从信息到智能这一基本范畴。提出了情报学研究应从多方向的综合出发,在个体情报学、组织情报学和社会情报学三个层次进行,同时提出以用户为中心,以情报检索理论为基本内核,从决策、认知、行为和交流等角度对情报学进行综合研究的理论模式。 相似文献
13.
G. Chandler 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(3):237-264
A questionnaire survey of researchers engaged in seven scientific disciplines was conducted to identify preferred information channels and to determine interdiscipline variations in communication behaviour of Croatian scientists. The article also addresses the problem of the foreign language barrier and the visibility of Croatian science at an international level.The findings indicate that journal articles with their accompanying lists of references are the most important source of information in all the disciplines surveyed, while on-line searching was ranged rather low.Differences between pure, applied and social disciplines were identified in the domain of informal communication and in the publishing of the research results. Contacts with colleagues outside one’s organization appeared to be an important element in information retrieval, while informal dissemination of information is mostly performed internally. Except for physicists, participation in international scientific communication is rather unsatisfactory. 相似文献
14.
在综合Wilson信息行为模型和信息旅程模型基础上构建研究框架,依次从确定需求阶段、搜寻信息阶段、判断和解释信息阶段、利用信息阶段系统展现最近十年眼动追踪实验法在信息行为领域的应用全景,提出眼动追踪实验法在研究弱势人群的信息行为、用户被动注视和被动搜索行为、信息回避行为等方面具有方法上的优势,在分析现有研究不足的基础上提出需要扩展眼动追踪实验法的应用领域,规范指标参数的选取并充分挖掘可供使用的指标参数,设计精良的实验最大限度排除非相关因素的干扰等若干研究建议,为推动眼动追踪实验法在信息行为领域的应用提供参考和启示。 相似文献
15.
[目的/意义]随着信息行为研究的不断深入,国内外研究者逐渐摆脱了以单用户为中心的研究思路,开始重视信息行为中存在的协同信息行为。然而单一学科的理论基础往往会在面对复杂的研究对象时逐渐暴露出解释力的局限性,吸收和借鉴其他学科的理论及方法有助于对研究对象有着更为全面的认识。[方法/过程]文章通过心理学、社会学以及运筹学的视角,对协同信息行为的动机、产生的社会困境以及其中存在的博弈进行深入探讨,以期为协同信息行为研究提供更广阔的视野以及更全面的理解。[结果/结论]跨学科视角可以为协同信息行为研究提供更广阔的视野以及更全面的理解,帮助研究者全面审视协同信息行为从产生到结束的全部过程。 相似文献
16.
Giovanna F. Miranda Luisa Vercellesi Edoardo Pozzi Flavia Bruno 《Health information and libraries journal》2009,26(1):39-46
Background: Health authorities, hospitals, commercial enterprises, and mass media all deliver health and medical communication in different forms. With such a vast amount of biomedical and clinical information available, any action to ensure the spread of clinically relevant news items is welcome. Objectives: This paper tries to define a new role for health science librarians in improving medical communication and reporting. Methods: Literature relating to the health and medical reporting is analysed to identify major difficulties encountered by health communicators. Results: There are two areas where health science librarians can develop new roles in health communication: (i) supporting journalists and health communicators in selecting sources and understanding scientific papers, and (ii) directly translating scientific information into news items, supplying a list of products in this direction (i.e. targeted newsletters, media releases, news items). New skills and competencies needed to cope with the new roles are described in detail in a suggested academic curriculum for health communicators. Conclusions: A better understanding of the mass media's needs can provide much needed support in the field of health communication. 相似文献
17.
Wendell G. Johnson 《Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian》2013,32(3-4):140-157
ABSTRACT The Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), a unit within the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan, is the world's largest social science data archive. The data sets in the ICPRS database give the social sciences librarian/subject specialist an opportunity of providing value-added bibliographic information. Access to the data sets is by membership in the consortium. This article gives an overview of the ICPSR database and of other services provided by the ICPSR, including sample usage statistics and reports. Research has shown that use of electronic resources, such as that provided by the data sets of the ICPSR, leads to an increase in publications by scholars. Librarians from a variety of disciplines—economics, political science, education, sociology, criminal justice, and social work—can help their researchers use the ICPSR's data sets to help further the goals of social science. 相似文献
18.
《Library & information science research》2004,26(1):15-28
With an increasing focus on developing a theoretical understanding of everyday life information behaviors, researchers need to consider the appropriateness of the methods and techniques utilized in empirical research in this area. Progressively, studies articulate the need for a person-centered approach to researching human information behavior, yet research methods can be adopted that do not encourage the study participants to express freely their views and experiences. This article proposes that narrative and episodic interviewing techniques are qualitative research methods that sustain a person-centered paradigm of human information behavior and that provide a particularly useful methodological framework for studies of everyday life information-seeking behavior. Furthermore, the author discusses her own work-in-progress that involves narrative interviews. 相似文献
19.
《Library & information science research》2006,28(1):83-109
Statistical representations in the popular almanacs published at the end of the 19th century in the Habsburg Empire are an early prototype of visualizing statistical data for popular consumption and informing the public of an ethnically and linguistically differentiated society. The purpose of this article is to analyze these statistical representations using a combination of humanistic and visual analysis methods. The article focuses on the persuasive aspects (rhetoric) of diagrams, how they visualize knowledge and information (pragmatics), and the nature and structure of visual sense making (semantics). The form and content are related to the social context and materiality of images. These early popular diagrams predate functional design defined by positivism and science. They are interpreted as a historical practice of knowledge visualization in the context of a post-Enlightenment information regime (epitomizing rational government and the privileged position of statistics as instrument of increasing the efficiency and social control of the state). The modernist approach shapes the same information regime in information science discourse. The analysis—based on principles of information visualization and functional design requirements—shows that these examples possess a sound visual structure based on functional design criteria, and that they integrate cultural context without distorting the data. The advantages of naturalistic and culturally rich visualizations that enable ordinary citizens to acquire knowledge through leveraging simple visual reasoning skills, reliance on mental models, and narrative conventions are identified. 相似文献
20.
《Library & information science research》2006,28(1):49-63
There are gaps in research regarding the role of information in successful aging as well as concerning the information-seeking behavior of the “oldest old” (those aged 85+). This article encourages researchers in library and information science (LIS) to consider undertaking research to fill these gaps. It therefore addresses issues about the importance of the oldest age group; aging theories, including those specific to successful aging; available theories from the field of human information behavior; prior research about the information needs of the oldest old and source use (including the Internet); and the role that information might play in whether or not people are aging successfully. 相似文献