共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
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运动营养包括训练期,比赛前期,比赛期和比赛后营养调整四部分。 训练期营养 对所有的运动员来说,除短期休假外,实际上每天都应该考虑营养的问题。运动员的营养没有一个统一的模式,但在尽可能的条件下,应该使之适应其社会种族的特点及个人的家庭饮食习惯。运动医生的职责就是在充分注意运动员的风俗习惯的同时,使其营养做到合理。 相似文献
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运动员在运动训练中消耗大量的营养物质和热能,会造成免疫力下降,影响正常训练与比赛,因此运动员的合理营养就显得十分重要。本文旨在探讨主要营养物质对运动员的运动能力和免疫力的影响以及不同项目运动员合理营养。 相似文献
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对于所有运动员来说,营养是至关重要的,特别是参加学校及其他体育活动的儿童及青少年。因参加训练和比赛而产生生理上的应激,再加上发育所需较高的营养需求,使青少年运动员易受营养不良之害,另外,已经证实一些特殊成份的饮食将影响到运动能力。 相似文献
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田径耐力型项目运动员的合理营养 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在现代田径运动项目的训练比赛以及恢复期 ,耐力型运动项目运动员对饮食中的各种营养素的需求也受到其本身项目特点的特殊性而明显区别于其它田径项目 ,运动员的饮食营养合理化越来越受到教练员的重视。本文从训练和比赛中 ,运动员对水和电解质、糖、脂肪、蛋白质以及维生素的不同需求和补充 ,来讨论耐力型田径运动员训练和比赛中的合理营养问题 ,促进教练员、科研服务人员注意对运动员膳食进行科学搭配和调整 ,保证运动员的营养需求 相似文献
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为了运动员运动竞技水平的提高,我们往往更多地热心于研究科学合理的运动训练,而较少关心和注意运动员的营养和饮食问题。然而,运动员的饮食以及营养摄取是与合理安排训练计划同等重要的问题。由于游泳运动项目本身的特点,使运动员在从事训练和比赛 相似文献
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俗话说:台上一分钟,台下十年功。对于学校里的运动员来说,也是如此。一年365天不畏寒暑地坚持训练,为的就是在赛场上发挥出最佳的水平。学生运动员受条件所限,很难得到全面、专业的运动营养指导,那么在比赛前两周,更要合理安排营养和饮食。就是说,临阵磨枪,不亮也光嘛。总的来说,赛前合理营养的基本要求是保持和提高专项运动能力。饮食与营养补充的特点是保持原有的饮食习惯及饮食制度,在此基础上适当调整各种营养素的摄入。如果条件许可,比赛前10～15天内,就应当注意按比赛期的饮食制度进餐,这样可以使运动员提前适应比赛期间的进餐制度,有利于营养素的吸收以及适应比赛的节奏。 相似文献
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优秀摔跤运动员良好比赛成绩的取得,取决于科学的训练、良好的竞技状态和良好的心理和情绪,合理的饮食则有助于运动员发挥训练效果、提高运动成绩,并促进运动后体力的迅速恢复。本文从摔跤运动项目的特点出发,根据运动员的生理特点以及对营养的需要进行探讨。旨在为运动训练和比赛提供有价值的参考和理论借鉴。 相似文献
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Contemporary training for power sports involves diverse routines that place a wide array of physiological demands on the athlete. This requires a multi-faceted nutritional strategy to support both general training needs--tailored to specific training phases--as well as the acute demands of competition. Elite power sport athletes have high training intensities and volumes for most of the training season, so energy intake must be sufficient to support recovery and adaptation. Low pre-exercise muscle glycogen reduces high-intensity performance, so daily carbohydrate intake must be emphasized throughout training and competition phases. There is strong evidence to suggest that the timing, type, and amount of protein intake influence post-exercise recovery and adaptation. Most power sports feature demanding competition schedules, which require aggressive nutritional recovery strategies to optimize muscle glycogen resynthesis. Various power sports have different optimum body compositions and body weight requirements, but increasing the power-to-weight ratio during the championship season can lead to significant performance benefits for most athletes. Both intra- and extracellular buffering agents may enhance performance, but more research is needed to examine the potential long-term impact of buffering agents on training adaptation. Interactions between training, desired physiological adaptations, competition, and nutrition require an individual approach and should be continuously adjusted and adapted. 相似文献
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Houtkooper L Abbot JM Nimmo M;International Association of Athletics Federations 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(Z1):S39-S47
Throwers, jumpers, and combined events athletes require speed, strength, power, and a wide variety of technical skills to be successful in their events. Only a handful of studies have assessed the nutritional needs of such athletes. Because of this, recommendations for nutritional requirements to support and enhance training and competition performances for these athletes are made using research findings from sports and exercise protocols similar to their training and competitive events. The goals of the preparation cycle of nutrition periodization for these athletes include attaining desirable body weight, a high ratio of lean body mass to body height, and improving muscular power. Nutritional recommendations for training and competition periods include: (1) meeting energy needs; (2) timing consumption of adequate fluid and electrolyte intakes before, during, and after exercise to promote adequate hydration; (3) timing consumption of carbohydrate intake to provide adequate fuel for energy demands and to spare protein for muscle repair, growth, and maintenance; (4) timing consumption of adequate protein intake to meet protein synthesis and turnover needs; and (5) consuming effective nutritional and dietary supplements. Translating these nutrient and dietary recommendations into guidelines these athletes can apply during training and competition is important for enhancing performance. 相似文献
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李晓琳 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2014,(3):10-13
为了给冰雪项目运动员安排科学合理的训练,进而有效提高运动成绩提供详实的理论依据,本文以文献资料法对冰雪项目运动员免疫机能抑制机制与营养干预手段进行了研究综述。通过整理分析发现,冰雪项目运动员为克服低温、大强度训练对机体造成的影响,在膳食中应注意糖、蛋白质、脂肪的摄入比例,同时注意加强维生素E、维生素C、维生素A等维生素和锌、铁、硒等微量元素的摄入。中成药以其疗效确切、副作用小的特点,在运动医学领域应用日趋广泛,必要时可以适当运用。 相似文献
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刘志军 《体育科技文献通报》2021,(1):63-64
竞技体育项目中,核心力量的增强能够帮助运动员有效提升竞技能力,这一观念已被海内外众多体育领域的专家学者所认可。核心力量作为一个研究的热点,在运动训练、体育竞赛、运动损伤、运动康复等诸多领域的作用也随着日益深入的研究显现得更加清晰。核心力量训练对竞技成绩的提升有着深层次的推动,任何竞技运动项目中对身体核心肌群的训练都是训练成绩的重要保障。因此针对不同的竞技项目,结合专项特点进行核心力量训练就显得异常关键。本文运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、专家访谈法对羽毛球项目中核心力量训练的意义以及核心力量训练的方法与手段进行研究和探讨,旨在为羽毛球教练员、运动员和从事羽毛球项目研究的体育工作者提供借鉴和参考。 相似文献
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Winter sports are played in cold conditions on ice or snow and often at moderate to high altitude. The most important nutritional challenges for winter sport athletes exposed to environmental extremes include increased energy expenditure, accelerated muscle and liver glycogen utilization, exacerbated fluid loss, and increased iron turnover. Winter sports, however, vary greatly regarding their nutritional requirements due to variable physiological and physique characteristics, energy and substrate demands, and environmental training and competition conditions. What most winter sport athletes have in common is a relatively lean physique and high-intensity training periods, thus they require greater energy and nutrient intakes, along with adequate food and fluid before, during, and after training. Event fuelling is most challenging for cross-country skiers competing in long events, ski jumpers aiming to reduce their body weight, and those winter sport athletes incurring repeated qualification rounds and heats. These athletes need to ensure carbohydrate availability throughout competition. Finally, winter sport athletes may benefit from dietary and sport supplements; however, attention should be paid to safety and efficacy if supplementation is considered. 相似文献
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竞技体育比赛已经进入了一个全新的多维竞技时代,它不仅要求运动员具备精湛的技战术水平和上佳的心理状态,更需要运动员具备坚韧的意志力和战斗力,特别是对于冰球、冰壶等集体项目的运动员来说,过硬的战斗意志力以及善于团结协作的合作精神,成为每一个运动队面对强大对手时克敌制胜的不可或缺的法宝之一。对“亮剑”精神在竞技体育中的具体体现进行分析,总结出强化运动员思想教育,树立正确的人生观、世界观,加强文化知识学习,提高运动员文化智力水平,将“亮剑”精神渗透在日常训练和比赛之中,注重教练员的言传身教,感染、激发运动员比赛士气以及营造良好氛围,创建和谐、健康运动队环境等培养运动员“亮剑”精神的途径和手段,以保证运动员竞技水平在竞赛中得以充分甚至超常的发挥,对夺取比赛的胜利意义重大。 相似文献