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企业家创新能力配置对经济增长影响研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
企业家创新能力配置对经济增长具有很大的影响.当企业家创新能力配置于生产性活动时,将会创造新的社会财富,继而推动经济有效增长;反之,企业家将创新能力配置于非生产性活动,诸如寻租活动时,其能力体现在社会财富分配格局的调整,而对经济增长没有正面的推动作用,甚至会抑制经济增长.文章探讨了企业家创新能力配置对经济增长的影响路径,分析了企业家创新能力配置的影响因素,并据此提出了相关的政策思考. 相似文献
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摘要：本文通过使用中国1996-2006年,29个省的面板数据考察企业家精神对于经济增长的作用。我们将企业家精神分为风险企业家精神和创新企业家精神,然后将其引入传统的经济增长回归模型,并用SYS-GMM计量方法测算它对经济增长的效应。考虑到企业家精神在经济增长方程的内生性,我们还将人均播种面积作为工具变量用以识别企业家精神对经济增长的因果效应。结果表明在控制了人口和制度变量后,企业家精神与经济增长显著正相关关系。
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1 引言 我国经济体制改革,推行的是市场经济制度,实行市场经济,就是要使资源达到最优配置,使经济达到稳定、健康、持续的发展。经济增长是指一个国家或地区总产出量与人均产出量的持续增长。但是,经济发展不等于经济增长,经济发展不仅意味着经济在数量上有增长,而且还意味着经济在质量上也有了提高。经济在质量上的提高通常称为科技进步,科技进步速度的测度指标称为科技进步贡献率。 相似文献
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企业家才能是企业创新的根本动力,创新是企业家在不同制度环境下配置其才能的产物.较好的制度环境激励企业充分雇佣具有创新才能的企业家,创新路径以自主研发为主;较差的制度环境激励企业较多雇佣不具有创新能力但有能力减少制度成本的企业家,创新路径以模仿为主.本文采用2012年世界银行企业层面的截面数据,证明非创新才能的提高和制度的恶化阻碍了自主创新路径的选择和创新强度,而非创新才能的提高通过减少制度成本减缓了制度恶化对创新的边际负影响.在技术差距较大时,制度对创新的阻碍可以通过企业家才能配置缓解,从而保持较高增长,但这是以创新路径由自主研发型向模仿型妥协为代价的.而技术差距的缩小以及提高知识和人力资本等政策,只有在限制政府寻租,营造公平公正经济环境的前提下,才能够充分发挥企业家的桥梁作用,实现自主创新能力的提高. 相似文献
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<正> 一、四川农村经济及购买力现状四川是地外内陆,幅员广,劳动力多,经济尚不发达一大省。党的十一届三中全会以来,农村经济发生了深刻的变化。农业总产值,1978年～1986年由131.06亿元增长到338.04亿元,产值年均递增7.66％,林牧副渔业产值增长速度高于种植业的1—3倍。产植的增长,带来经济收入的增长(见表1).经济收入的增加又推动购买力的相应提高。表2所示为农村开始经济体制改革以来购买力构成变化.1978～1986年人均购买力支出由71.15元,增加到263.6元,年递增17.7％。其中人均生产费用支出由1978年的38.19元增加到1986年的83.85元,占购买力的53.6～31％,1984～1986年人均用于购买生产性固定资 相似文献
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关于企业家资源若干基本理论问题的探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文探讨了企业家资源在经济活动中的地位与作用、角色与功能、特征与分类等基本理论问题。明确提出了企业家资源对其它资源的效能具有杠杆放大效用,是推动经济发展的主导力量;现代经济增长的主要潜力在于人力资源,人力资源收益递增性受制于企业家资源质量的影响;企业家资源开发对于发展中国家或欠发达地区具有特殊作用等观点。 相似文献
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基于中国30个省区2001-2010年整体面板数据及分组面板数据,本文使用联立方程模型研究经济增长、外商直接投资和能源消费之间的关系。经验研究发现：(1)对于全国组,经济增长和外商直接投资、经济增长和能源消费之间存在双向因果关系,从外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系;(2)对于高人均地区生产总值省区组,经济增长和外商直接投资之间存在双向因果关系,从经济增长、外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系;(3)对于中等人均地区生产总值省区组,经济增长和外商直接投资、经济增长和能源消费之间存在双向因果关系,从外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系;(4)对于低人均地区生产总值省区组,经济增长和外商直接投资之间存在双向因果关系,从经济增长、外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系。这些研究结论对于决策者制定经济政策有非常重要的参考意义。 相似文献
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基于中国30个省区2001-2010年整体面板数据及分组面板数据,本文使用联立方程模型研究经济增长、外商直接投资和能源消费之间的关系。经验研究发现：(1)对于全国组,经济增长和外商直接投资、经济增长和能源消费之间存在双向因果关系,从外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系;(2)对于高人均地区生产总值省区组,经济增长和外商直接投资之间存在双向因果关系,从经济增长、外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系;(3)对于中等人均地区生产总值省区组,经济增长和外商直接投资、经济增长和能源消费之间存在双向因果关系,从外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系;(4)对于低人均地区生产总值省区组,经济增长和外商直接投资之间存在双向因果关系,从经济增长、外商直接投资到能源消费存在单向因果关系。这些研究结论对于决策者制定经济政策有非常重要的参考意义。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献