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文化是一个内涵与外延非常丰富的概念,中西不同的文化背景形成不同的体育文化。中西体育文化的差异主要体现在哲学基础、体育语言符号、体育思维方式、宗法制度、道德观念与价值观念等方面。中西体育文化之间不具有好坏优劣的本质差异,而是表现为发展的不平衡性。不平衡性的消除在于中西体育文化的交流与共融。 相似文献
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探究媒介体育文化的理论视域和研究模式关系到对媒介体育文化的深层分析和认知判断。从媒介经验、媒介理解和媒介批判三种视域阐释媒介体育文化理论,从结构功能、符号互动和变革批判三种范型解析媒介体育文化的研究模式。媒介体育文化内在的技术、符号和权力元素相互依存又紧张的状态,需要长于描述的经验视域、长于解释的理解视域和长于审视的批判视域来共同把握,需要结构功能模式构筑其规范性,符号互动模式夯实其文化性,变革批判模式赋予其超越性。 相似文献
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全球化背景下东西方体育文化的异质同构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从文化学视角,论述了全球化时代东西方体育文化未来发展的两种不同走向,认为在两种不同文化背景下发展起来的东西体育文化本质是异质共生的,然而在文化结构上具有同构性.借助于体育文化结构中的符号象征系统可以促成东西方体育的文化自觉.使两种不同范式的体育文化可以在全球化进程中实现异质同构,构建起一个多元的世界体育文化新体系. 相似文献
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<正> 体育教学过程是一个教育信息传递过程,教学信息的传递是要借助一定的符号与相应的媒体来实现的。传播符号一般分为语言符号和非语言符号两大类。语言符号与非语言符号各有自己的独特传播功能。语言符号是一种由字、词和一定语法规则构成的一套符号系统;非语言符号是指除语言符号以外的其它一切传播符号。语言符号易于表达较为抽象的或精确的信息内容,而非语言符号则易表达形象具体的信息内容。在体育教学中非语言符号起着十分重要的作用。如能把语言符号与非语言符号有机的结合起来使用,就可以收到更好的效果。在体育教学中常用的非语言符号有:动作性符号(指人利用自身器官或运用物件所呈现出来的动作、表情、姿势等)、图像符号(包括图画、图表、图解 相似文献
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张永军 《体育科技文献通报》2006,14(7):78-79
目前,在居民消费多元化的情况下,体育消费的多样化及个性化趋向也日渐突出,特别是通过广告系统、时尚系统、商品设计和产品包装等手段的应用,充分调动了消费者对体育消费所关注的文化意义、目标、价值、观念、理想等文化资源,并使体育商品同这种文化资源相结合,成为能够强烈吸引消费者注意的附和文化意义的象征符号。在这种情况下,探讨体育消费和符号象征性和体育消费的异化,分析体育产品在消费社会中的表现形式,为体育在拉动经济增长过程中发挥积极作用,就显得十分必要。1.符号消费及其特征只要把商品当作表达意义和信息的符号来操纵和使用… 相似文献
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史海燕 《体育成人教育学刊》2014,(3):65-67
从文化符号学角度对彝族阿细跳月进行分析,认为彝族阿细跳月是集体育、舞蹈、音乐、文化于一体的文化符号。从有形物质文化符号和无形物质文化符号等两个层面对彝族阿细跳月的文化符号进行了阐释,最后提出了发展阿细跳月的文化符号的路径：处理好开发与保护的关系;打造阿细跳月文化品牌;构建阿细跳月民族一体化教育。 相似文献
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魏伟 《上海体育学院学报》2014,38(6)
从符号学的视角对体育与软实力之间的关系展开论述.研究表明,体育软实力的彰显是一个完整的符号呈现过程,国家层面上的体育软实力正是通过不同意义的传达实践其符号价值.只有在维系符号表达的准确性、保持符号表达的连贯性和理解符号表达的长期性等方面积极努力,才有可能提升体育软实力的符号价值. 相似文献
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周二三 《天津体育学院学报》2006,21(6):547-548
从符号学的视角，结合我国经济社会发展的客观现实，探讨了对体育活动进行符号学解读的可能性，并运用符号学的相关知识，尝试性地从符号载体、符号编码、符号意义三个方面对体育活动进行了解读。认为：体育的符号载体，可以是有形的体育运动项目、体育用品．也可以是无形的文化珲念；体育自身的特点及现代传媒通过影响人们的价值观在为体育活动进行着编码；体育的符号意义体现在：它是竞争、健康、交往和休闲娱乐的符号。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献