共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
运用文献分析法,对世界反兴奋剂机构批准通过的2021年实施版《检查与调查国际标准》进行述评。目的在于及时把握世界反兴奋剂机构修订国际标准的最新动态,为正确理解与适用2021年实施版《世界反兴奋剂条例》提供帮助。2021年实施版《检查与调查国际标准》规定了签约方在制定检查分布计划、样本采集、样本储存与运输、进行调查等方面的技术和操作标准,要求签约方适用《体育特殊检测技术文件》和构建三级行踪信息数据库。新标准重视检查与调查的信息导向性,但总体上仍然将反兴奋剂组织与运动员置于不平等地位。 相似文献
2.
由国家体育总局主办、安徽省体育局承办的全国体育科技工作会议、全国反兴奋剂工作会议7月13日在合肥举行,会议对体育科技和反兴奋剂工作进行了全面的回顾和总结,并广泛深入地研究和探讨了如何为完成2008年奥运会的任务提供科技服务,以及如何做好2008年奥运会的反兴奋剂工作,并以此为契机,全面推动体育科技和反兴奋剂工作的开展。为了加强十运会的反兴奋剂工作,总局在年初制定了10项具体措施,主要包括:加大全年赛外兴奋剂检查力度,开展对生长激素血检,对重点项目的重点运动员实行行踪信息报告制度,建立完善医疗用药豁免制度,进一步加大处罚… 相似文献
3.
郭树理 《上海体育学院学报》2021,(2):1-12,21
《世界反兴奋剂条例》是国际体育界反兴奋剂斗争的纲领性规则文件,新修订的《世界反兴奋剂条例》已于2019年11月在第5次世界反兴奋剂大会上通过,于2021年1月1日起实施。2021年实施版《世界反兴奋剂条例》强调反兴奋剂斗争的目的是维护健康价值以及保护运动员的权利,增设《运动员反兴奋剂权利规则》;将《技术文件》增列至世界反兴奋剂主要规则体系中;设立新的兴奋剂违规类型——阻挠报复举报行为;新增对社会毒品的单独规定;增设受保护人员、业余运动员2类主体;新增“情节严重加重处罚”条款;明确肯定“认罪协议”制度;删除“故意”构成要件中的“作弊”要素;修订“赛内”的定义;提高对公平听证的要求。中国反兴奋剂中心积极参与了《世界反兴奋剂条例》修订的意见征集工作。中国参照2021年实施版《世界反兴奋剂条例》颁布了全新的《反兴奋剂规则》。 相似文献
4.
为捍卫体育精神和保护运动员的利益,国际体坛将纯洁体育视为不懈追求的目标。作为全球反兴奋剂最高权威机构,世界反兴奋剂机构为了能更好地完成纯洁体育的使命、回应质疑、捍卫公信力,进行了深入的组织架构调整,特别是在2018年和2022年对组织架构进行了较大的改革。通过文献资料、逻辑分析等方法梳理了世界反兴奋剂机构的建立及组织架构的概况,从世界反兴奋剂机构的独立性改革、开放性改革、管理职能改革、反兴奋剂能力改革四个维度阐述其改革实践,最后提出我国反兴奋剂中心组织机构的完善建议。 相似文献
5.
2021年实施版《世界反兴奋剂条例》回应了俄罗斯集体兴奋剂事件,加大了对兴奋剂违规行为的打击力度,增强了对运动员权利的保护程度,适应了反兴奋剂技术手段的科学发展。2021年实施版《世界反兴奋剂条例》在新增“阻挠、报复兴奋剂举报”这一类违规行为、增设“受保护的人员”与“业余运动员”新型主体类型、为社会毒品设置单独条款等方面的修订显著成功,但也存在着相关条款之间协调不够、反兴奋剂机构与运动员之间程序权利不平衡等不足。研究分析了2021年实施版《世界反兴奋剂条例》修订条款的主要内容,并考察了修订的主要原因。 相似文献
6.
分析《世界反兴奋剂条例》确定的反兴奋剂制度关于严格责任原则,兴奋剂违规的后果对运动员权利的影响,兴奋剂违规处理程序中运动员程序权利的保护效果等问题,认为严格责任原则、禁赛处罚制度与一般法律原则并不冲突,对运动员的权利给予了足够保护,但在违规处理程序上有待改进,可考虑给予运动员更充分的程序权利。 相似文献
7.
易剑东 《中国体育(中英文版)》2003,(12)
2003年10月中旬以来.国际体坛突然传出一系列围绕THG这种新型兴奋剂的疑团和丑闻。一向在反兴奋剂问题上指责他人.袒护自身的美国人看样子动了一回真格。该国反兴奋剂机构首先向全球的一些运动员发难,声称几名美国运动员和其他国家的一些世界级运动员可能服用了一种不易被觉察和检测的类固醇,而他们已经找到了剑测这种兴奋剂的方法。 相似文献
8.
依据世界反兴奋剂机构(WADA)公布的《世界反兴奋剂条例》与禁用清单,从运动生物化学的角度分析历届冬奥会查处的违禁物质和违禁方法,对兴奋剂的生理生化危害进行阐述,提高我国运动员反兴奋剂意识,做好食品、营养品、药品的兴奋剂防控工作,避免误服误用兴奋剂. 相似文献
9.
对加拿大自行车运动员杰克·伯克（Jack Burke）兴奋剂违规的体育仲裁案件进行分析,从双方的争议点出发,结合处罚结果进行拓展讨论,从上诉期限的起算、运动员过错的认定以及举证过程中的证明标准和反兴奋剂教育培训义务等角度分析本案在法学方面的意义。本案启示在于：对国际自行车联盟（UCI）以及世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）来说,上诉期限应当以“完整决定”为起算点,对“无过错或无疏忽”的认定要从严把握,同时应当保留“完全满意”的证明标准,完善对年轻运动员反兴奋剂培训的规定。对运动员来说,其良好的个人品质对于支持自己的主张,以及确定是否构成违规有重要帮助,运动员时刻需做好针对兴奋剂的合理防范措施。最后,文章结合本案对我国的反兴奋剂规则的修订给出了改进建议。 相似文献
10.
我国《反兴奋剂条例》出台的背景及内容 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《体育科技文献通报》2005,13(3)
一、反兴奋剂立法的背景为了保护运动员的身心健康,维护体育竞赛的公正、公平,国际反兴奋剂斗争的力度日渐加强。早在60年代初,国际奥委会就开始领导世界反兴奋剂斗争。1988年,国际奥委会和联合国教科文组织分别通过了《反对在体育运动中使用兴奋剂国际奥林匹克宪章》,对各国政府和体育管理部门开展反兴奋剂工 相似文献
11.
《Sport Management Review》2016,19(1):6-22
Doping testing is a key component enforced by anti-doping authorities to detect and deter doping in sport. Policy is developed to protect athletes’ right to participate in doping-free sport; and testing is a key tool to secure this right. Accordingly, athletes’ responses to anti-doping efforts are important. This article explores how the International Standards for Testing, which face different interpretations and challenges when policy is implemented, are perceived by elite athletes. Particularly, this article aims to investigate how elite athletes perceive the functioning of the testing system (i.e., the efforts of stakeholders involved in testing) in their own sport both nationally and worldwide. Moreover, it seeks to identify whether specific factors such as previous experience of testing and perceived proximity of doping have an impact on athletes’ perceptions of the testing system. The study comprises a web-based questionnaire (N = 645; response rate 43%) and uses qualitative findings to elaborate on and explain quantitative results. Results showed that two-thirds of the athletes reported the national testing programme in their sport to be appropriate. A majority of the athletes who had an opinion on the subject regarded testing programmes in some countries as not extensive enough or believed that in certain countries doping control was downgraded to win medals. Past experience of testing seemed to have a positive influence on trust in the concrete measures; however, if athletes experienced flaws during the control procedures, this could increase distrust and cause worry. The proximity of doping in an athlete's sport influenced the athlete's perception of the testing system. Particularly, athletes who need the testing system to be effective and to function well across the world show greater distrust of or dissatisfaction with the current testing system. The athletes’ diverging views indicate that contemporary anti-doping policy is simultaneously met with support, (dis)trust and frustration. By integrating the views and experiences of Danish elite athletes, this study confirms that the current testing system is confronted with obstacles, and it contributes knowledge about some of the challenges WADA faces when policy is implemented. Implications of results and recommendations for anti-doping authorities are outlined in the paper. 相似文献
12.
Without taking a position on the overall justification of anti-doping regulations, I analyse the possible justification of Therapeutic Use Exemptions (TUEs) from such rules. TUEs are a creative way to prevent the unfair exclusion of athletes with a chronic condition, and they have the potential to be the least bad option. But they cannot be competitively neutral. Their justification must rest, instead, on the relevance of intentions to permissibility. I illustrate this by means of a set of thought experiments in which only an athlete’s intentions vary. I argue that the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE) sheds some light on TUEs and illustrate this by applying different readings of the DDE to the thought experiment. This underpins a justification of anti-doping exemptions very different from the approach adopted by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). I argue for three changes to bring TUEs in line with this understanding: rewriting of the regulations, transparency, and a greater role for athletes in determining what exemptions are allowed, and when. 相似文献
13.
AbstractOn April 1, 2018, the new standards of compliance to the code of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) came into force. The new standards impact all sports. An important amendment has been made to an article of the existing code ‘Additional Roles and Responsibility of the Parties’. Now, all international federations and the unions in agreement with WADA are obliged to reject applications for holding all sporting events from countries that do not comply with the WADA code. By then, Russian elite sport remained in isolation because the Russian Anti-Doping Agency (RUSADA) had no license from WADA until a compromise agreement allowed Russia back into international sports in September 2018. The probability of obtaining permanent return to international sport was extremely low. In order to obtain the license, Russian sport authorities were asked to agree with the reports of Professor McLaren and to admit the existence of doping support in the country at the state level, which seemed improbable. In Russia, although the new standards of the World Anti-Doping Agency code have not caused special concerns it directly impact Russian elite sport. Unless certain conditions were met by 2019, there was a high probability that Russia would not be able to attend large international competitions in the near future, including the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. The situation dictates the choice of the new strategy of development for Russian sport and new model for the fight against doping, which can be not dependent on WADA. To date, there have been no real checks on WADA’s authority other than occasional decisions in the Court of Arbitration for Sport. Academics who are critical of WADA’s functions often find themselves marginalized when the purported global doping “crisis” should bring “all hands on deck” to provide a humanistic and scientific approach that is best for athletes past, present and future. The functions of WADA in investigating, charging and punishing athletes do not contribute to sustainable development of sport and the sports industry around the world, and create unipolar environment of influence on sports development. Therefore, in this article, we describe some alternative forms and new order of regulation of the anti-doping relations in sport. 相似文献
14.
国际体育组织针对俄罗斯集体兴奋剂事件采取了诸多措施,其中首要的处罚措施是中止俄罗斯国家体育联合会在国际单项体育联合会的会员资格,后果之一便是俄罗斯运动员被集体禁赛,丧失参赛资格。部分国际单项体育联合会同意对清白运动员适用甄别规则,保障其合法参赛权利。认为支持适用甄别规则的实践具有正当性,但现有的甄别规则并不完美,仍须建立以世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）为核心的统一甄别机制,通过该机制明确甄别规则制定与审查的主体,实现甄别规则的公正合理,形成互联互通、反馈迅速的甄别体系。 相似文献
15.
运用心理测量与评定法,对我国130名优秀短道速滑运动员心理控制指标构成因素进行探讨,结果表明,短道速滑运动员心理控制能力指标是由反应准确性、状态调控能力、信息加工状态能力、直觉反应能力、预判能力等5个方面构成;优秀运动员的心理控制水平与运动成绩提高是相关的,优秀运动员心理控制能力结构与所掌握的技战及运用效果是一致的;所建立短道速滑运动员心理控制能力结构指标是合理的;研制短道速滑运动员心理控制能力的综合评定标准具有简捷、合理、实效的特点。 相似文献
16.
Dimitrios P.Panagiotopoulos 《体育科研》2022,(6):35-39
《世界反兴奋剂条例》(WADC)于2003年首次由世界反兴奋剂机构(WADA)通过并于2004年生效。在希腊,议会根据第3516/2006号法律通过联合国教科文组织《反对在体育运动中使用兴奋剂国际公约》,使这一版本WADC得以生效,并作为国际体育法在本国适用。经修订的2021年实施版WADC于2021年1月1日生效,通过第4791/2021号法律在希腊实施,并据该法成立了国家反兴奋剂组织。WADA禁用名单是第4791/2021号法律的组成部分,应在WADA发布3个月后根据第4791/2021号法律生效,无须国家反兴奋剂组织进一步行动。兴奋剂违规不会自动导致处罚。根据第4791/2021号法律第10条的规定,运动员可在无重大过失或疏忽的情况下,通过向最高体育纠纷解决委员会提起上诉,以及在某些特殊情况下向CAS提起上诉,以取消或缩短禁赛期。强调：国家反兴奋剂组织应为运动员提供一个国内争议解决框架,以促进独立性、效率和成本效益以及各级的一致性和程序公正。 相似文献
17.
百年奥运发展历程中的中国田径运动与当代世界田径运动面临的困惑 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
曹景伟 《山东体育学院学报》2000,16(1):35-40
以百年奥运田径运动发展为背景,回顾了新中国田径运动介为运会竞争所取得的成就,探讨了当代中国与世界田径发展面临的困惑。认为８０年代以来制约中国田径成绩进一步提高的订因素有：１）“全运”战略对中国田径运动的发展存在着负面影响;２）青少年训练过程中的拔苗助长现象严重;３）国内商业年度大奖赛次数过多、密度过大;４）奥运、亚运选拔制度有待进一步完善。同样,随着奥运商业化和职业化进程的加速,当代世界田径也正面 相似文献
18.
国家优秀射击运动员平衡稳定性特点及评价指标 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用footscan balance测试系统对国家高水平手枪、步枪射击运动员进行了平衡稳定性的的测试，通过分析得出以下主要结论：第一，所有射击运动员中男子手枪运动员身体姿态的平衡稳定性及调节能力最差：第二，射击训练只能使睁眼状态下身体晃动面积和前后晃动幅度减小；第三，一般平衡稳定性指标（身体重心前后、左右晃动幅度、轨迹长度、晃动面积）不能准确地反映高水平射击运动员平衡稳定性的特点．而派生指标——单位面积的轨迹长度（轨迹总长度与晃动面积的比值），既显示平衡稳定性，又能体现姿态调节能力，在晃动面积一定的情况下，其值越大，表明调节能力越强，晃动的频率越快，身体平衡稳定性越好．在实射时对枪支的影响越小，可作为射击运动员的评价和选材指标。 相似文献
19.
辽宁省田径运动后备人才培养现状及发展对策 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对辽宁省田径后备人才培养的现状和存在的问题进行研究，提出从青少年运动员的全面发展入手，加强“体教”结合，建立新型后备人才培养体系，建立和完善青少年田径竞赛制度，加强教练员队伍建设，提高教练员整体素质是辽宁省田径运动后备人才培养的发展对策。 相似文献
20.
It is widely assumed that coaches have an effect on athletes’ doping behaviours; however, the means by which this influence can be manifested are only superficially understood. The present study seeks to understand how coaches see their role in directly and indirectly influencing the doping attitudes and behaviours of athletes. Fourteen elite-level coaches participated in focus group discussions. Coaches displayed a low level of knowledge of banned methods and practices. While it was acknowledged that doping was prevalent in sport, coaches believed that doping was not a problem in their own sport, since doping does not aid in the development or implementation of sporting ‘skills’. While the findings suggest that coaches support the revised WADA Code, with increased sanctions for coaches, the findings also highlight how coaches may indirectly and inadvertently condone doping. This may be through inaction or the apparent endorsement of pro-doping expectancies. 相似文献