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在政策变迁视角下构建新能源汽车创新生态系统的“结构-种群-环境”演化分析框架，将我国新能源汽车产业发展分为技术探索、示范推广、快速发展、质量发展四个阶段，基于1991—2021年中国新能源汽车产业的专利联合申请数据，构建产业技术创新专利合作网络。研究结果表明，我国新能源汽车产业政策变迁与创新生态系统演变是一个协同演化的过程，以国家电网为代表的电力公司逐渐成为网络中的核心节点，研究机构和高校成为次要核心节点；创新生态系统主体共生的广度提升而深度降低，中心性和生态位变动较小，在技术上的应变性一直较强。对此应当坚持市场主导和政府引导，遵循产业规律；鼓励核心技术攻关，构建多方深度参与的技术创新网络；促进市场竞争，推动兼并重组；布局自主知识产权体系，助力国际技术竞争。 相似文献
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利用CSSCI和Web of Science数据库中收录的以“众创空间”或“创客空间”为主题的422篇文献，利用CiteSpace软件进行文献作者合作网络、关键词图谱分析等，分析国内外众创空间发展现状和热点及其异同，得到以下结论：第一，国内外学者之间的合作较少，仅有少数学者间形成合作团队但涉及领域较窄；第二，国外发展经历了萌芽期、发展期和快速增长期且研究领域不断拓宽、文献数量仍在迅速增加，而国内经历了起步期、迅速增长期、缓慢下降期，文献数量增速放缓；第三，国外研究热点聚焦于“创客空间+技术孵化”“创客空间+教育”，而国内研究热点聚焦于“众创空间+教育服务”“众创空间+创新创业”“众创空间+绩效提升”；第四，国外研究的前沿方向是教育、硬件DIY、工程教学，国内则是生态系统、绩效评价、创新创业、高校众创空间等，但国内外研究都向众创空间的实践性结果迈进，最终目的都是服务于创新创业实践。 相似文献
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为明晰中国产学研合作研究领域的热点主题和知识演化,以1992—2016年CSSCI和CNKI中的1 615篇文献为分析样本,利用文献计量学与科学知识图谱方法进行分析。分析结果表明,产学研合作领域的热点涵盖合作模式、机制和影响因素;合作中的高等教育、人才培养;协同创新主体的互动关系;协同创新过程中的要素协同;绩效评价。该领域的研究主题在过去20几年发生了显著的变化,从关注合作模式到关注人才培养、教育改革、知识产权管理和利益分配等主题,再扩展到绩效评价、协同创新和创新网络等主题。 相似文献
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《中国科技论坛》2021,(3)
近年来,区域创新生态系统受到学界关注,但基于探索与开发的悖论,对系统的发展阶段特征、动态演化路径及机理的研究较少。在创新二元性视角下,本文分析系统的创新原理、要素关联和演化机制,筛选并构建双维指标体系,通过专家打分、因子分析和主成分分析并根据2017年我国31个省份的面板数据制定评价标准,探讨1998—2017年广东、浙江、北京创新生态系统的发展过程,最后提出3个有关区域创新生态系统的探索性命题:(1)开发式创新、探索式创新能力与经济周期存在互动规律;(2)在宏观经济滞胀期和衰退期,开发式创新和探索式创新能力趋势相反,相向变化;(3)在宏观经济复苏期和繁荣期,开发式创新和探索式创新能力趋势相反,背离变化。 相似文献
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以“双碳”目标实现为背景，挖掘2014—2021年与钢铁上市企业联合申请的绿色专利数据，按三年时间窗划分6个时期，运用Ucinet构建各时期钢铁企业绿色创新联盟网络，结合社会网络分析方法探索网络的整体结构和核心节点的演化特点。研究发现：钢铁企业绿色创新联盟网络发展仍处于初级阶段，紧密度不够、流动性较强；钢铁企业绿色创新联盟网络的小世界特性逐步凸显；宝钢股份在6个时期网络演化中均处核心地位，产学研联盟趋势明显。因此，钢铁企业应当广泛开展与其他钢铁企业、高校和组织的合作，同时政府应发挥引导和推广作用，搭建校企绿色创新平台，优化钢铁企业绿色创新联盟网络结构。 相似文献
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运用动态网络分析法,以CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)中2017年综合指数排名前五的学者为核心构建的科研合作网络为研究对象,以2006—2017年间学者们参与的国内期刊论文为数据样本,构建含期刊论文影响因子权重的合著网络和关键词网络,从网络总体结构、整体属性和个体属性三个层面系统揭示不同领域高绩效科研合作网络潜在的共性特征,并按照时间段划分探究其演化规律。研究结果表明,高绩效科研合作网络具有整体规模大、平均聚类系数高、平均路径长度小、研究人员与关键词流动数目大等特点。以上研究结果可映射出实际的科研合作网络所具备的特征,对揭示高绩效科研合作网络隐含的共性特征具有理论意义,可为人事管理部门和科研人员对于协同创新战略规划、组织引导机制、管理制度创新等措施的出台提供科学依据。 相似文献
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制造企业生态化创新战略转型中,枢纽企业为获得长期竞争优势,如何伴随创新生态系统的演化而做出技术、商业决策？依据“情境-结构-机制”的研究框架对海尔集团进行纵向案例研究,从模块化视角探索企业创新生态系统结构、演化机制与路径特征。研究表明：（1）情境主导了技术创新的可实现性,技术标准、用户需求和政策支持3个情境因素驱动企业创新生态系统的交互演进。（2）发现企业创新生态系统结构的3个重要特征,即创新架构模块化、交互界面开放性、网络治理嵌入性。海尔模块化生态圈战略转型历经的开拓布网期、扩展织网期和颠覆融网期3个发展阶段,以 “产品、生产模块化-组织模块化-超模块化”的架构创新驱动了海尔集团创新生态系统 “以内部研发为中心的创新体系-以产业链协同为中心的创新体系-以用户为中心的创新生态系统”的演化路径。（3）企业创新生态系统的创新实现机制突出表现在杠杆、协同和互利机制上,通过揭示系统的结构特征与实现机制的作用逻辑,提出杠杆机制呈现出重用“模块资源-平台资源-场景资源”的演化路径,协同机制使枢纽企业在系统中的角色沿着 “分解者-平台领导者-创新集成商”演化,互利机制呈现出“企业主导-开放市场机制”的演化路径。研究结论丰富和发展了创新生态系统理论,为传统制造企业的创新生态系统战略转型提供方案设计启示。 相似文献
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在新一轮科技革命和产业革命的推动下,越来越多的新创企业依靠创新生态系统实现异军突起,在全球生产组织中发挥着重要的作用,使得学者和企业逐渐意识到创新生态系统的重要性。本文选取宁德时代作为案例研究对象,采用纵向案例研究,探讨新创企业从嵌入到构建企业型创新生态系统的演化过程和作用机制。研究发现：发展阶段与资源获取途径的协同是新创企业从“嵌入基于产品的创新生态系统—嵌入基于平台的创新生态系统—构建基于平台的创新生态系统”的驱动力;制度情境和市场情境的耦合是推动企业型创新生态系统演化的外部动因,动态能力从“扫描能力—感知能力—创新能力—整合能力”的进阶是实现企业型创新生态系统演化的内在基础;新创企业与异质性创新生态系统模式间的联系、双元情境和动态能力之间持续的正反馈,推动了新创企业朝着“构建—拓展—深化”企业型创新生态系统的方向演化,最终实现价值共创。 相似文献
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从概念出现到广泛应用,近20年来协同创新的理论研究不断深入,逐渐成为理论界关注的热点话题。以CSSCI数据库（1996—2015年）刊出的所有文献共1954篇为知识图谱分析的数据源,对我国协同创新相关理论研究进行时间序列上的纵向分析,以及基于我国科技发展“九五”到“十二五”四个五年规划的横向对比分析。研究发现：虽然每个时期的研究主题有所不同,但技术创新是我国协同创新理论研究演化发展的逻辑主线,同时,该理论研究体系集中趋势不够显著,整个理论体系不够稳定和成熟。为此,要不断夯实研究基础、加强合作与交流、拓宽技术基础和社会背景。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献