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1.
长春南湖水体透明度高光谱定量模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
透明度是衡量水质优劣、评价湖泊富营养化的一个重要指标，高光谱遥感可有效反演透明度，较好解决了常规遥感中出现的问题。本研究利用野外高光谱仪在长春南湖夏季进行了反射光谱测量和同步水质采样分析，通过分析水体透明度与其高光谱反射率之间的相关关系，尝试采用多种半经验算法建立透明度高光谱定量模型，并进行了验证。结果表明：1）单波段、波段比值和一阶微分反演模型，确定性系数皆在0.74以上，RMSE小于透明度极值差，因此皆可以用于反演透明度；2）模型精度从高到低依次为：一阶微分模型、单波段模型和波段比值模型。该定量模型的建立，为今后利用成像光谱数据在南湖进行透明度大面积遥感反演研究提供了研究基础和科学依据，对内陆水体透明度反演也有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
2.
氮素胁迫下的冬小麦光谱特征提取与分析 总被引：24，自引：2，他引：24
高光谱遥感是对地观测的重要技术手段，利用野外光谱仪在地面的实测工作为其在精准农业等方面的应用进行有益的尝试，可以提高作物营养诊断的精度。养分胁迫下高光谱特征提取是这一目标的地面预研究。本次试验对不同氮素养分胁迫下东小麦的不同生育期，分别观测其光谱反射率，分析其生物物理参数的变化规律和反射光谱的特征，利用导数光谱技术对叶绿素密度和叶面积指数等生物物理参量同原始光谱、一阶倒数光谱进行拟合度比较，结合养份胁迫的特点，分析建立光谱模型的可能性。叶绿素密度在可见光和近红外波段均拟合较好，拟合度在0.5左右，高于叶绿素含量与光谱反射率的拟合，而叶面积指数与冠层光谱拟合在近红外波段较好，在可见光波段拟合度较小。通过作物的光谱特征，提取其中重要的近红外反射峰值、绿峰和红端位移特征，与冬小麦的叶绿素密度、叶绿素含量等生物物理参数进行相关分析，建立了线性光谱模拟模型。提取出的特征参量均可有效地模拟生物物理参数的变化，其中叶绿素含量与近红外反射峰值的拟合度（R2)除乳熟期外，都在0.9以上；孕穗期的模拟模型也有显著的相关关系。综合分析，孕穗期是利用高光谱遥感进行作物长势和养份分诊断研究的最佳时期。 相似文献
3.
深入研究了PROSPECT模型中叶肉结构参数N对叶片反射和透射光谱的影响，利用迭代法使全波段代价函数达到最小来计算LOPEX93数据集中样品的最优N值，对在最优N值下的模拟光谱与实测光谱进行比较，并对N在不同取值情况下，叶绿素与水分的反演进行了研究。研究认为：（1）N对整个光谱波段产生影响，并随N的增大而减小；（2）构造全波段代价函数，利用迭代法得到的最优N值可以很好地模拟实际光谱；（3）在高估N值情况下的叶绿素和水分反演精度明显高于低估N值的情况；（4）水分反演的效果明显优于叶绿素反演的效果，原因与代价函数的选取有关。 相似文献
4.
《内蒙古科技与经济》2016,(11)
以达里诺尔国家级自然保护区为研究区,采集了5种典型湿地植被群落冠层野外光谱数据,对每一类湿地植被的光谱数据进行平均值处理,从而分析其光谱特征差异,结果表明:在可见光范围内,大叶章群落和巨序剪股颖群落以及水甜茅群落和地榆群落的光谱曲线特征各自一致;泽泻+水葱群落反射率最高,地榆群落反射率最低。在740nm~1 350nm的近红外范围内,5种典型湿地植被群落光谱曲线特征总体上表现为:740nm~940nm反射率逐渐上升,960nm~1 350nm反射率波动下降,在950nm和1150nm左右出现小的吸收谷;然而反射率的大小具有明显的差异,反射率的大小依次为:巨序剪股颖群落大叶章群落地榆群落水甜茅群落。本研究可为干旱半干旱区内陆湖泊湿地植被高光谱遥感研究奠定基础。 相似文献
5.
本研究以小麦为研究对象,将植被叶片高光谱数据与实测植被叶片叶绿素数据相结合,通过对相关性分析,获得红边参数及不同植被敏感波段,作为不同因子对各研究植被建立反演模型。分析所得结果可知,以敏感波段为因子的模型总体预测能力优于以红边位置为因子的模型,且随着小麦生长成熟,不同因子所建立的反演模型精度均有所下降。而时序分析表明,利用小麦叶片光谱数据对其不同物候期叶绿素含量进行反演是可行的。 相似文献
6.
基于实测大豆冠层高光谱及叶绿素a数据,利用植被指数和三波段方法建立大豆叶绿素a的高光谱反演模型.通过IDL(interactive data language)实现NDVI和RVI波段的重新选择,提高了基于2种植被指数的模型反演精度.比较而言,三波段方法建模反演大豆叶绿素a含量的精度较改良后植被指数的更高(R2=0.81).研究结果表明,利用波段重新组合的植被指数建立的估算模型可以提高大豆叶绿素a的估算精度;三波段模型法可以筛选更好的波段来构建模型,并在一定程度上提高大豆叶绿素a反演精度. 相似文献
7.
黑土土壤水分光谱响应特征与模型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为揭示土壤水分对土壤反射率的影响机理,并为其他土壤参数遥感监测提供理论支持,以吉林省德惠市黑土野外、室内高光谱反射率为研究对象,运用光谱分析方法与统计分析方法,分析土壤水分光谱特征,建立土壤水分光谱模型,得出以下结论：土壤光谱反射率在400-2500 nm范围内主要有5个吸收谷,随着含水量的增加,土壤光谱吸收谷的面积增大;而秸秆光谱反射率在土壤前2个吸收谷附近没有明显的吸收特征;未翻耕土壤由于秸秆残茬的影响,第二吸收谷左右两部分面积比例增大,这一特征可用于判别土壤是否翻种;土壤表层0-5cm含水量与反射光谱数据的相关性强于5-10cm;土壤含水量与土壤光谱反射率之间是指数或线性关系;土壤含水量高光谱模型稳定性较好、精度较高,可以用于土壤含水量的速测。 相似文献
8.
土壤中的重金属汞元素是对人体毒害最大的5种重金属之一,为了实现快速土壤重金属汞的监测,本文采集了广东省75个土壤样品,对其进行室内高光谱测定和化学测试分析,获取高光谱数据及土壤重金属汞含量。为了获取土壤汞的高光谱反演的最佳模型,本研究对土壤高光谱数据进行平滑、连续统去除、光谱微分、倒数对数、倒数、对数、双波段组合等处理,同时,对土壤汞含量作对数变换,通过反复试验,筛选出与对数变换后的土壤汞含量相关性最高的光谱指标。研究结果表明:土壤汞的最佳光谱指标为反射率一阶微分的波段组合(700*R_((587. 705nm))-250*R_((1373. 48nm))),相关系数高达-0. 744;由反射率一阶微分光谱指标构建的土壤汞的高光谱反演模型最佳(y=0. 1491x~3-0. 53x~2+0. 0358x+1. 2596),其决定系数R~2为0. 60,均方根误差RMSE为0. 183。其验证样本预测值与实测值比较,平均相对误差为0. 169。由此可知该模型用来快速估算广东省土壤汞含量是可靠的。 相似文献
9.
松嫩平原主要土壤光谱特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了揭示松嫩平原主要土壤反射光谱特性、探讨该区土壤参数光谱速测方法，利用地物高光谱仪室内测定松嫩平原农安县主要类型土壤的光谱反射率，运用统计分析方法分析土壤参数与土壤光谱反射率及其数学变换形式的关系，并得到土壤有机质高光谱预测模型。结果表明：⑴ 有机质是松嫩平原主要土壤反射光谱特性的主要影响因素，由于区域（母质、气候等）的差异，即使同类土壤的反射光谱特性差异也很显著；⑵ 铁对松嫩平原农安县主要土壤的反射率光谱特性的影响较小；⑶ 基于反射光谱特性的有机质含量模型可以用于该区有机质含量的速测；⑷ 松嫩平原主要土壤有机质含量与总氮含量有显著的相关性，利用有机质含量高光谱预测模型可以部分揭示土壤总氮含量状况。 相似文献
10.
用偏最小二乘法提取石头口门水库水色信息 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
水体的高光谱数据在提供大量信息的同时，其波段间存在很高的相关性，常规的统计方法反演水质参数不但不能充分利用这些信息，并且也不能很好的去相关，而偏最小二乘回归分析可以较好的解决这一问题。因此本研究通过利用高光谱仪在石头口门水库进行反射光谱测量和同步水质采样分析，建立了叶绿素a和悬浮物含量的偏最小二乘回归模型。结果表明：该模型能较好的利用高光谱数据信息，各光谱波段自变量在最终模型中的系数大小在一定程度上较符合叶绿素a和悬浮物的光谱吸收、散射特性；通过与常规的比值模型、一阶微分模型进行对比，偏最小二乘回归模型明显优于前两者，其各决定系数均高于0.7，因此估测效果较理想，可用于内陆二类水体的水色信息提取。 相似文献
11.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
13.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
14.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
16.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
17.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
18.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
19.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
20.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献