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技术创新对地区经济发展具有重要的推动作用,是提高创新能力和强化核心竞争力的关键途径。立足于知识聚合视角,在分析技术创新熵变和突变特性的基础上,对技术创新形成机理进行隐喻分析;借鉴突变理论中的尖点突变模型构建技术创新形成机理模型,并选取系统内部知识为状态变量,系统外部知识引起的负熵和系统内部知识引起的熵增为控制变量,深入分析技术创新的形成机理。研究表明：技术创新形成机理由技术创新孕育阶段、渐进性技术创新形成阶段和突破性技术创新形成阶段三个环节构成。最后从构建系统内部知识共享机制、增加系统外部知识引入、建立系统内外部知识聚合机制及完善技术创新支撑体系四个方面,提出了促进技术创新形成的相关策略。 相似文献
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结合企业演化内外部的环境变化,通过构建一维状态空间的基本演化方程和势函数,建立了科技型中小企业成长的自组织结构模型———尖点突变模型。通过分析企业成长驱动力及其成长路径的选择,可以得到以下结论:(1)科技型中小企业具有明显的自稳定成长和自重组成长的两阶段成长特征;(2)科技型中小企业在渐变式累积成长阶段,知识资本存量的运动轨迹是一条"S"曲线;(3)进入到技术创新为主的突变阶段,正负熵决定了企业成长路径是否发生突变的边界条件。 相似文献
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虚拟研发团队在其运作过程中由于受到内部协作和外部环境的共同作用,其生存能力会发生突变现象.通过应用突变理论构建虚拟研发团队生存能力弱化的尖点型突变性模型,并应用尖点型突变模型直观、合理地解释虚拟研发团队生存能力弱化的突变过程,最后提出对虚拟研发团队生存能力发生弱化突变的控制建议. 相似文献
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知识管理对企业技术创新过程的能动机理研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
技术创新成为知识经济中企业发展的核心动力,技术创新过程是企业实施技术创新的组织形式。知识管理伴随知识经济产生,以提高知识活动效率和效益为目的,是提高企业技术创新过程管理的有效方式。在浅析知识管理内涵及其国内外发展、企业技术创新过程概念以及两者相互关系的基础上,分析了知识管理对技术创新过程模式、速度、类型和开放性等的影响,深入研究了知识管理对企业技术创新过程影响产生的机理机制。 相似文献
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煤与瓦斯突出具有极大的破坏性,利用突变模型原理建立突变模型,通过分析突变模型,确定煤与瓦斯突出尖点模型,把围岩应力与应变作为控制参数,采矿活动作为状态参数,分析研究煤与瓦斯突出参数的变化规律。 相似文献
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如何提高组织柔性推动技术创新是动态环境下企业关心的重要问题。本研究在组织柔性理论和创新理论基础上,提出了基于战略导向的分析框架,并在调研基础上对各假设关系进行了实证检验。研究发现:能力柔性和资源柔性对技术创新产生不同的影响。资源柔性对渐进创新起促进作用,但对突变创新反而有不利的影响;而能力柔性对突变创新和渐进创新均有正向的推动作用。顾客导向只能提高资源柔性,对能力柔性没有显著的影响;企业家导向会增强企业的能力柔性,但会降低企业的资源柔性。研究通过分析不同战略导向对企业柔性影响的差异,阐述了导向对技术创新的不同作用。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献