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3S技术在精准农业方面的应用与发展研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文阐述了以遥感(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)和全球定位系统(GPS)为代表的“3S”技术在精准农业方面的应用与发展,通过解读3S的技术特点及技术优势,阐述了“3S”技术在精准农业生产中的作用并对我国精准农业的发展模式和方向进行了探讨. 相似文献
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测绘手段建立的建筑物模型,缺少对建筑物内部实体空间关系和语义信息的描述,难以满足微空间、细粒度场景需求。建筑信息模型(BIM)具有语义信息丰富和全生命周期管理的特性。针对BIM和GIS在空间尺度和语义信息表达上的差异,分析了建筑物模型在GIS领域中的发展现状,研究BIM建筑物模型,综述分析GIS与BIM集成的方法,为两者集成应用提供一种有效的解决方法。 相似文献
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计算机控制农业 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
计算机控制农业来源于“精确农业”的概念和方法。它是应用3S技术（RS、GIS、GPS）把客观、科学的精确性引进县或大尺度的农业生产过程的一套集成农业生产技术。它的技术基础是3S技术的耦合。实施计算机控制农业除了大幅度降低投入成本外,还有效地降低对环境的污染。美国于80年代初期提出“精确农业”或“计算机辅助农业”的概念和设想。它起源于对农场范围内,在空间上均匀地施用农业技术措施的条件下农作物单位面积产量的空间不均匀性的认识。据1996年的报导,应用3S技术的计算机控制农业技术在美国已经受到农场主的广泛欢迎,计算机控制农业势将成为下一世纪的一种领先的农业生产技术。计算机控制农业的关键技术包括：①空间定位的农作物产量信息采集技术;②空间定位的土壤信息实时采集技术;①农田地理信息系统实时更新技术;④空间定位的农业投入控制系统;⑤实施计算机控制农业必须开发的硬件技术。在我国及早进行计算机控制农业的基础技术储备和试验研究无疑是十分必要的。在目前中国的农业运行体制条件下,可以在开发计算机控制农业所需要的上述单项硬件技术和计算机控制农业的集成技术的同时,选择华北山前平原的一个县,或新疆建设兵团农场或黑龙江大型国营农场,实施精确农业的思想。 相似文献
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本文以三维地质勘察管理信息系统为例,分析真实三维数据模型的可视化表达与系统建模方法;并以矿山地质管理信息为例．分析利用GIS技术探讨基于二维和三维空间信息统一进行空间数据管理的有效途径和实现方法。 相似文献
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<正>地理信息系统(简称GIS,Geographic Information System)是综合处理和分析地理空间数据的一种技术系统。本文通过搭建三维地理信息系统平台,充分整合油田现有资源,构建能够综合展示和分析各类业务数据的信息集成系统,实现管理决策以及生产研究空间可视化,用以直观、科学地指导油田生产。 相似文献
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黄河三角洲土壤含盐量空间预测方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
土壤盐分对农业发展和土地生产力有很大影响,土壤盐碱化会降低耕地质量并造成土地退化,及时了解区域内土壤盐分含量及空间分布很有必要。地理加权回归是一种局部回归预测方法,其利用主变量与环境要素的相关关系,根据空间位置和距离特点,实现主变量的空间扩展。本研究目的即是探索地理加权回归在土壤盐分空间插值中的可用性,并与多元线性回归和协同克里格作对比来检验其精度。地理加权回归模型构建所选择的环境变量包括NDVI,高程和距河流距离。研究结果显示,地理加权回归在土壤盐分空间扩展中效果较好,精度优于其他两种方法（均方根误差为0.305,相关系数为0.649,决定系数为0.421）,该方法降低了协同克里格插值的平滑效应,又比多元线性回归结果具有更多的空间细节展示,故本研究认为地理加权回归是一种较好的土壤盐分插值方法。 相似文献
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颜色空间内的突变信息感知是实现深度背景下的隐藏目标识别的重要技术。传统方法采用差分进化局部对比方法进行突变信息感知,当图像分块信息不均匀时,信息提取不全。提出一种基于瑞利差分的颜色空间突变信息内容感知方法,进行颜色空间背景全局性信息建模,计算非显著性突变信息。基于瑞利分布的非均匀稀有度特性,得到背景颜色空间和突变信息目标区域分离结果和差异性特征,实现突变信息内容感知。实验结果表明,算法能能使突变信息在深度颜色空间背景下突出显示,较好地检测出图像的显著性特征。在非显著性微小目标探测领域应用前景较好。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献