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熊彼特以创新理论为核心的学术思想对管理学、经济学等领域都产生了重大的影响。通过文献计量与信息可视化的方法,结合文献共被引网络知识图谱和原始文献分析,梳理熊彼特学术思想的影响脉络。将其影响分为3个阶段,分别为：主要影响到重建、经济行为及工业制造业等领域;用以研究经济危机爆发带来的产业结构变革与制度变革等问题;应用于区域产业集群和技术创新网络的研究。熊彼特学术思想影响路径的每一个阶段都是一次实质性的理论跃迁,并且是下一阶段理论创生的必要条件。 相似文献
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逆向创新,为后发企业开展全球创新并开拓发达国家市场提供了新的战略思想。采用质化研究方法,对创新链理论和基于领先企业的逆向创新理论进行了理论思辨,厘清了后发企业逆向创新的构成要素,提出了后发企业逆向创新链概念,归纳了创新链类型及其对应的后发企业逆向创新实施路径。主要研究结论为：第一,后发企业逆向创新链的构成要素应包括创意获取、研发和市场进入次序,与西方领先企业相比,上述逆向创新三要素的具体内容与选择机制均存在明显区别;第二,基于创新要素组合,后发企业的逆向创新链可以划分为本土市场推动型、海外市场拉动型以及推拉复合型三种类型;第三,以逆向创新链类型为基础,可以归纳出六条后发企业逆向创新实施路径,企业可根据自身资源能力的匹配程度选择适当的实施路径。 相似文献
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企业在创新链与产业链融合中具有重要作用。从企业视角研究基础研究对技术创新的作用,有助于理解企业参与基础研究的重要性,掌握创新链与产业链融合规律,制定有效的科技创新政策。本文从科学关联度、专利引文时滞、科学循环周期、学科多样性等角度构建分析指标,并以上市公司为例展开实证分析。研究发现：(1)上市公司技术创新对基础研究成果的吸收较少;(2)领域内龙头企业技术创新能力强,基础研究的支撑作用显著;(3)科学关联度越高的产业领域,基础研究成果向技术创新转化的速度越慢;(4)基础研究向技术创新传递知识的速度逐渐加快;(5)高新技术产业领域的学科多样性高于其他传统产业领域。 相似文献
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借助CiteSpace V软件,以Web of Science数据库2007—2016年间2 424篇创新创业代表文献为对象,采用文献共被引网络、关键词共现网络及突现词分析等方法对创新创业国际研究进行计量分析。研究得出:当前创新创业国际研究热点主要聚焦于开放式创新、创新公司、发展中国家、深度访谈方法和创新活动等领域;形成由区域创新系统到企业所有权、服务行业、社会创业、企业绩效和知识溢出理论,再到商业模式的7个阶段组成要素分析与演化路径;研究发展趋势主要将在知识溢出理论、企业绩效、商业模式与社会创业4个方面展开。在此基础上提出相关对策建议,以期为未来创新创业研究与实践提供借鉴与范式。 相似文献
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本文通过文献分析与文献计量相结合的方法,对我国目前传统能源创新与新能源创新研究的发展状况进行分析,并通过关键词频率可视化整理推断该领域研究热点。研究发现,在文献的年度分布上,传统能源创新研究早于新能源创新研究,但后期新能源创新研究数量超过传统能源创新且呈稳定增长趋势;其次,传统能源创新角度集中于能源结构效率等方面,而新能源创新研究集中于新能源汽车、技术创新等领域,两者的研究覆盖面皆有待扩展,同时当下传统能源创新与新能源创新研究尚存在不足之处;最后,针对尚存问题提出相应的建议,以期为完善传统能源体系与建立现代新能源体系建立理论基础、为实践提供参考。 相似文献
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选取比亚迪汽车股份有限公司作为案例对象,从企业资源编排视角出发探究企业创新链从构建到跃升的过程机理。研究发现：适配市场需求、政策规划及服务创新所形成的市场发展导向在企业创新链构建及跃升过程中起指引性作用;企业各阶段通过资源编排积蓄的创新资源和通过关系联结所形成的社会资本为其创新链构建提供了资源和关系基础;差异化资源编排行动与关系联结的交互适配过程展示了企业资源和关系权力位置的迭代进阶过程,是创新链模式跃升的资源和关系基础;企业技术随着其资源和关系权力位置从边缘到中心地位的变化实现了跨越,且技术跨越是创新链从“线性反馈式”到“多方协作式”再到“开放融通式”跃升的内驱动力。本文利用资源编排理论拓展了企业创新链研究,依托资源交换的社会关系性和资源动态关联特征拓宽了企业创新链构建及跃升的解释边界,为构建创新链并实现创新链“适时”跃升提供了新的分析视角。 相似文献
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以Web of Science数据库收录的国外创新政策文献为研究数据。首先,采用文献计量方法对国外创新政策研究进行量化分析和影响力分析;其次,运用LDA主题模型进行文本挖掘,提炼出产业发展、国家创新政策以及创新政策工具运用、技术创新政策效应评估、企业创新能力提升、创新网络和区域创新政策等六个研究主题;最后,采用CARROT文献聚类及关键词突现方法,剖析国外创新政策研究新趋势,结果表明创新政策中有关“知识”、“政策绩效”、“数据运用”、“实证研究”以及“政策动态变化研究”是主要研究趋势。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献