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集群企业知识资产治理模式演化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
集群情境下，创新企业之间出现创新挤出，削弱了集群创新动力，迫使企业只能依靠自身知识资产治理的战略行动来填补制度的失效或缺位。本研究以桐庐制笔产业集群作为研究对象，通过纵向案例研究，探讨集群企业知识资产治理模式的形成及其演化逻辑，研究发现：第一，集群情境所特有的邻近性（包括地理、制度、认知等），使得基于独占性视角的产权制度治理知识资产过程中存在失效或缺位现象，整个集群陷入“近墨者黑”的恶性循环；第二，集群内创新企业通过“连横”“合纵”等制度创业策略，能动性选择、调整或重构集群企业知识资产治理的制度场域边界，推动基于合法性视角的本土化集群企业知识资产治理模式的形成与演化；第三，集群企业知识资产治理模式可分为基于专利法律的独占自治模式、基于社群规范的社群自律模式和基于多元制度的多元共治模式，从动态角度看，知识资产治理模式的形成与演化并非总是沿着同一路径，能动性、本土化成为模式演化的关键。 相似文献
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在企业间知识水平动态互补性基础上,通过刻画合作伙伴选择、知识学习及创新机制,建立企业集群创新网络演化模型。运用多智能仿真方法,研究创新网络的动态演化规律、集群创新潜力与网络演化的内在关系及网络位置与创新绩效的关系等。研究综合考虑了企业间各知识要素及综合知识的动态互补性。研究发现：动态演化过程中的创新网络具有显著的小世界性;企业知识水平和创新网络是协同演化的;随着集群创新潜力的增大,企业积极构建“远程”合作关系,网络稀疏性增强,企业间的重复合作次数及网络信息传播效率降低。企业应积极地与不同企业建立创新合作关系并增强局部企业间的合作紧密性,特别是在集群发展的早期阶段,这样才能有效提升创新绩效。 相似文献
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当前知识已经成为产业集群乃至区域经济发展中的重要资源,关系着集群的生存与发展。作为集群知识演化的平台,集群网络的结构影响着知识扩散与创新的绩效。文章尝试将社会网络分析方法和数值仿真技术相结合,并应用于对产业集群知识演化的研究中。在对南京大明路汽车销售与服务产业集群的实证分析中,对现实的集群网络进行了直观描述和数值分析。在此基础上,通过对集群知识演化过程的建模和仿真,对比分析了现实集群网络与重连、随机两个模拟网络上知识扩散和创新的绩效,并提出了现实集群网络进一步优化的方向。 相似文献
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新能源汽车协同创新网络结构及影响因素研究 《科学学研究》2022,40(6):1128-1142
以2012-2020年京津冀地区新能源汽车产业联合申请专利数为样本,构建京津冀地区新能源汽车产业协同创新网络,运用社会网络分析法（SNA）对协同创新网络结构进行分析。为进一步分析产业邻近维度、知识邻近维度和地理邻近维度对协同创新网络演化的作用机理,构建二次指派程序（QAP）回归模型进行实证研究并对系数进行非参数检验。研究表明：9年间京津冀新能源汽车产业协同创新网络快速演化,网络密度与网络中心势表明协同创新网络呈现多中心化趋势,子群之间凝聚力较差;三省市协同创新网络核心节点均为“国家电网公司”,多个核心节点在协同创新网络内部占据重要结构洞位置。京津冀三省市不同阶段的不同邻近效应对协同创新网络产生不同影响：产业邻近与地理邻近始终正向影响协同创新网络发展,不同省市不同阶段知识邻近影响的显著程度不同。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】知识扩散是企业创新过程中获取知识的重要途径,在创新网络中多维邻近性作为外部知识获取的影响因素,对企业知识水平增长有重要作用。【方法/过程】定义了多维邻近创新网络,并将邻近性因素纳入扩散函数,建立了不同邻近性网络中知识扩散的过程模型,探讨产业发展不同阶段多维邻近性对知识增长水平的影响及其形成原因,并通过实证分析验证所构建的知识扩散机制在真实网络中的有效性。【结果/结论】研究结果表明:不同邻近性网络中的平均知识水平呈S形曲线演化规律;地理邻近因素在产业发展初期对网络中知识扩散发挥主要作用;技术邻近性是网络中知识增长的核心因素;网络中知识扩散受社会邻近性影响最小,但时间持续最长。 相似文献
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研究我国生物医药产业创新集群演化动力机制,为促进我国生物医药产业创新能力提升提供决策依据。运用复杂适应系统理论模型,分析生物医药创新集群的聚集、非线性、流、多样性特征与标识机制、内部模型机制和积木机制。在此基础上建立生物医药创新集群演化机制的回声模型,运用不完全信息下的重复静态博弈分析主体互动作用,并运用涌现模型分析系统涌现机制。生物医药产业创新集群是复杂适应系统,具备其所有特征;创新集群主体通过流空间网络实现交互学习并适应性调整自身行为;通过交互学习,创新集群主体产生了与其他主体合作创新的可能性,但是否真正实现合作创新取决于主体间竞争合作博弈的结果;涌现推动生物医药产业创新集群演化发展。涌现包括知识涌现和创新网络的涌现,通过涌现创新集群产生新的更优的系统功能和结构,可实现生物医药产业创新集群的可持续发展。 相似文献
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从生态学和复杂网络角度分析产业集群创新网络的不稳定性、开放性以及随机涨落等自组织特性。根据产业集群生态特性,以Logistic模型对产业集群演化进行描述,通过自组织的动力机制方程描述产业集群创新网络自组织演化过程,找出集群创新网络自组织演化关键影响因素,构建集群创新网络自组织的演化机制,为改善集群创新网络的演化机制提出建议。 相似文献
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基于知识网络特征的产业集群升级动力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
集群企业知识创新能力的提升,是产业集群升级的核心动力所在.集群企业知识网络特征,决定了企业间知识共享、协同知识创新的范围及绩效,进而影响集群的发展演化.基于文献分析之上,构建理论模型,系统探讨了集群知识网络规模、知识网络交流密度及知识创新能力的影响因素,明确了集群知识网络特征对知识创新能力及集群升级的影响机制,为深入研究集群网络中企业知识管理行为及集群升级机理提供了新的思路. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献