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1.
The effects of antioxidant diet supplements on blood lactate concentration and on the aerobic and anaerobic thresholds and their adaptations to training were analysed. Fifteen amateur male athletes were randomly assigned to either a placebo group or an antioxidant-supplemented group (90 days supplementation with 500 mg x day(-1) of vitamin E and 30 mg x day(-1) of beta-carotene, and the last 15 days also with 1 g x day(-1) of vitamin C). Before and after the antioxidant supplements, the sportsmen performed a maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and maximal and submaximal physiological parameters were assessed together with blood lactate concentration. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)), maximal blood lactate concentration, and the maximal workload attained rose significantly in both groups after the 3 months of training. At the end of the study, maximal blood lactate concentration was lower in the group that took supplements than in the placebo group. The percentage of VO(2max) attained at the anaerobic threshold rose significantly in both groups after 3 months of training, although the final value in the supplemented group was higher than that in the placebo group. Antioxidant diet supplements induced lower increases in blood lactate concentration after a maximal exercise test and could improve the efficiency in which aerobic energy is obtained. 相似文献
2.
This study examined whether the ventilatory (V) compensation for metabolic acidosis with increasing O2 uptake (VO2) and CO2 output (VCO2) might be more in accord with the theoretical expectation of a progressive acceleration of proton production from carbohydrate oxidation rather than a sudden onset of blood lactate (BLa) accumulation. The interrelationships between V, VO2, VCO2 and BLa concentration, [BLa], were investigated in 10 endurance-trained male cyclists during incremental (120 +/- 15 W min-1) exercise tests to exhaustion. Regression analyses on the V, VCO2 and [BLa] vs VO2 data revealed that all were better fitted by continuous Y = A.exp.[B.VO2] + C rate laws than by threshold linear rate equations (P < 0.0001). Plots of V vs VCO2 and [BLa] were also non-linear. Ventilation increased as an exponential V = 27 +/- 4.exp.[0.37 +/- 0.03.VCO2] function of VCO2 and as a hyperbolic function of [BLa]. In opposition to the 'anaerobic (lactate) threshold' hypothesis, we suggest these data are more readily explained by a continuous development of acidosis, rather than a sudden onset of BLa accumulation, during progressive exercise. 相似文献
3.
The aim of this study was to compare the 'anaerobic threshold' (AnT) of subjects determined during a continuous 2-min incremental exercise test until exhaustion and the 'maximal lactate steady-state' (BLaSsmax) determined during prolonged exercise at constant loads corresponding to the subjects' AnT and/or 5-25% above and below it. Seventeen subjects performed an incremental exercise test and 1-5 prolonged exercise tests on a cycle ergometer until exhaustion at intervals of 1 week, and work rates, oxygen uptake (VO2) values and brachial venous blood lactate (BLa) levels were measured. It was proposed that when exercising at a constant workload below AnT, BLa would fall after having reached its peak; at the level of AnT, BLa reaches maximal steady-state (BLaSsmax); and above AnT, BLa increases continuously. Altogether, in 34 of 45 tests with a constant workload between 80 and 125% AnT, BLa values were as expected. In those cases in which BLaSsmax was reached, BLa increased on average by 3.8 mM from resting levels. This increase was 2.0 mM greater than that seen between resting levels and AnT during incremental exercise. There was no correlation between BLa values at BLaSsmax and at AnT, both when expressed as an increase in BLa (delta BLa) and absolute BLa concentration. Altogether, 81% of the variation in BLa concentration at BLaSsmax could be explained by the subjects' age, the percentage of slow-twitch fibres and BLa levels at rest. The AnT and BLaSsmax did not differ significantly, and these values were correlated (r = 0.83). Together, AnT and age accounted for 85% of the variation seen in BLaSsmax. The BLaSsmax did not correlate with AnT when fixed at a BLa concentration of 4 mM (AnT4mM). The three hypotheses tested in this study were confirmed, and the present results demonstrate that AnT correlates with BLaSsmax. The few exceptions to anticipated BLa kinetics were small in magnitude and could be explained by physiological variations. 相似文献
4.
短期高强度训练对优秀篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
为了调查短期高强度训练对篮球运动员有氧耐力的影响 ,对 2 0名 (男、女各 10名 )优秀篮球运动员 ,进行跑台渐增负荷运动直到力竭为止。同时测定气体代谢最大吸氧量 (VO2max)、通气量 (VE)、血乳酸(BLa)、心率 (HR)、血睾酮 (T)、皮质醇 (Cor)及血红蛋白 (Hb)。结果为 :1)短期高强度训练期后男、女两组无氧阈 (AT)值与训练前相比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但VO2max却未有显著性差异 ;2 )短期高强度训练期后男、女两组Hb值与训练前相比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而T、Cor在训练期前后却未有显著性差异。其结果表明 ,短期高强度训练并不能提高VO2max,而AT却明显提高。提示可采用AT值作为反映篮球运动员有氧耐力的指标。 相似文献
5.
目的:探究3周海拔1550 m亚高原训练对优秀青年男子越野滑雪运动员生理机能和身体成分的影响,并且提出针对性的备战训练建议。方法:国家越野滑雪集训队10名优秀青年男子越野滑雪运动员[年龄(18.7±1.5)岁,身高(78.5±5.8)cm,体质量(66.6±4.7)kg]在亚高原(海拔1550 m)进行3周训练,并在亚高原训练前后对运动员的生理机能和身体成分进行系列测试。使用重复方差分析对运动员数据进行自身比较。结果:运动员由平原初上亚高原时,乳酸阈测试血乳酸浓度显著提升(P<0.05),最大摄氧量和红细胞浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。经过3周训练后,运动员的乳酸阈测试血乳酸浓度和最大摄氧量显著下降(P<0.05),全身总质量、上肢肌肉质量和下肢脂肪质量显著提升(P<0.05)。结论:由平原初上亚高原时,运动员乳酸阈能力和最大摄氧能力显著降低。3周亚高原训练后,运动员的乳酸阈能力和上肢肌肉水平显著提升,最大摄氧能力下降幅度明显。建议:在进行亚高原训练时,我国优秀青年越野滑雪运动员应当注重对心肺摄氧能力的训练,并且注意提升周平均高强度训练(high intensity training,HIT)训练总时间,以维持和提升最大摄氧能力。 相似文献
6.
目的:探究3周海拔1550 m亚高原训练对优秀青年男子越野滑雪运动员生理机能和身体成分的影响,并且提出针对性的备战训练建议。方法:国家越野滑雪集训队10名优秀青年男子越野滑雪运动员[年龄(18.7±1.5)岁,身高(78.5±5.8)cm,体质量(66.6±4.7)kg]在亚高原(海拔1550 m)进行3周训练,并在亚高原训练前后对运动员的生理机能和身体成分进行系列测试。使用重复方差分析对运动员数据进行自身比较。结果:运动员由平原初上亚高原时,乳酸阈测试血乳酸浓度显著提升(P<0.05),最大摄氧量和红细胞浓度显著降低(P<0.05)。经过3周训练后,运动员的乳酸阈测试血乳酸浓度和最大摄氧量显著下降(P<0.05),全身总质量、上肢肌肉质量和下肢脂肪质量显著提升(P<0.05)。结论:由平原初上亚高原时,运动员乳酸阈能力和最大摄氧能力显著降低。3周亚高原训练后,运动员的乳酸阈能力和上肢肌肉水平显著提升,最大摄氧能力下降幅度明显。建议:在进行亚高原训练时,我国优秀青年越野滑雪运动员应当注重对心肺摄氧能力的训练,并且注意提升周平均高强度训练(high intensity training,HIT)训练总时间,以维持和提升最大摄氧能力。 相似文献
7.
The effect of training on aerobic power characteristics of young cross-country skiers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
H Rusko 《Journal of sports sciences》1987,5(3):273-286
The influences of growth, training and various training methods were investigated by analysing long-term training effects in young cross-country and biathlon skiers (n = 129). Some athletes (n = 49) were studied six times in three years and some at least once a year during a four year period (n = 48). During three summer training periods skiers emphasized either intensive training or distance training or continued to train normally. The results indicated that maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and heart volume increased between 15 and 20 years of age and the most significant changes in heart volume were observed between 16 and 18 years of age. International level skiers were able to increase their VO2 max and heart volume even after 20 years of age. Anaerobic threshold (AT, ml kg-1 min-1) increased like VO2 max but when expressed as a percentage of VO2 max, the AT was similar in every age group over 16 years of age. Intensive training at the intensity of anaerobic threshold or higher was observed to be most effective in producing improvements in VO2 max. Low-intensity distance training was more effective in producing improvements in anaerobic threshold. 相似文献
8.
The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s :age 23 +/- 4 years;body mass 69.7 +/- 9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23 +/- 4 years; body mass 72.7 +/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 ; and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 or the lactate minimum speed.In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO 2max (from 47.9 +/- 8.4 to 52.2 +/- 2.7 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3 +/- 1.7 to 13.9 +/- 1.6 km.h -1 ), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.9 +/- 1.8 km.h -1 ) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 (from 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 13.2 +/- 2.1 km.h -1 ) (all P ? 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0 +/- 0.7 to 10.9 +/- 1.7 km.h -1 ). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed,when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity. 相似文献
9.
The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s: age 23+/-4 years; body mass 69.7+/-9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23+/-4 years; body mass 72.7+/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO2max, running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol x l(-1); and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO2max, running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol x l(-1) or the lactate minimum speed. In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO2max (from 47.9+/-8.4 to 52.2+/-2.7 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3+/-1.7 to 13.9+/-1.6 km x h(-1)), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2+/-1.8 to 11.9+/-1.8 km x h(-1)) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol x l(-1) (from 12.5+/-2.2 to 13.2+/-2.1 km x h(-1)) (all P < 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0+/-0.7 to 10.9+/-1.7 km x h(-1)). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed, when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity. 相似文献
10.
Endurance running performance in athletes with asthma 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Laboratory assessment was made during maximal and submaximal exercise on 16 endurance trained male runners with asthma (aged 35 +/- 9 years) (mean +/- S.D.). Eleven of these asthmatic athletes had recent performance times over a half-marathon, which were examined in light of the results from the laboratory tests. The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) of the group was 61.8 +/- 6.3 ml kg-1 min-1 and the maximum ventilation (VEmax) was 138.7 +/- 24.7 l min-1. These maximum cardio-respiratory responses to exercise were positively correlated to the degree of airflow obstruction, defined as the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (expressed as a percentage of predicted normal). The half-marathon performance times of 11 of the athletes ranged from those of recreational to elite runners (82.4 +/- 8.8 min, range 69-94). Race pace was correlated with VO2max (r = 0.863, P less than 0.01) but the highest correlation was with the running velocity at a blood lactate concentration of 2 mmol l-1 (r = 0.971, P less than 0.01). The asthmatic athletes utilized 82 +/- 4% VO2max during the half-marathon, which was correlated with the %VO2max at 2 mmol l-1 blood lactate (r = 0.817, P less than 0.01). The results of this study suggest that athletes with mild to moderate asthma can possess high VO2max values and can develop a high degree of endurance fitness, as defined by their ability to sustain a high percentage of VO2max over an endurance race. In athletes with more severe airflow obstruction, the maximum ventilation rate may be reduced and so VO2max may be impaired. The athletes in the present study have adapted to this limitation by being able to sustain a higher %VO2max before the accumulation of blood lactate, which is an advantage during an endurance race. Therefore, with appropriate training and medication, asthmatics can successfully participate in endurance running at a competitive level. 相似文献
11.
The aim of this study was to assess the responses of blood lactate and pyruvate during the lactate minimum speed test. Ten participants (5 males, 5 females; mean +/- s: age 27.1+/-6.7 years, VO2max 52.0+/-7.9 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) completed: (1) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved supramaximal sprint exercise to invoke a metabolic acidosis before the completion of an incremental treadmill test (this results in a 'U-shaped' blood lactate profile with the lactate minimum speed being defined as the minimum point on the curve); (2) a standard incremental exercise test without prior sprint exercise for determination of the lactate threshold; and (3) the sprint exercise followed by a passive recovery. The lactate minimum speed (12.0+/-1.4 km x h(-1)) was significantly slower than running speed at the lactate threshold (12.4+/-1.7 km x h(-1)) (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in VO2, heart rate or blood lactate concentration between the lactate minimum speed and running speed at the lactate threshold. During the standard incremental test, blood lactate and the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline values at the same time, with pyruvate increasing above baseline at a higher running speed. The rate of lactate, but not pyruvate, disappearance was increased during exercising recovery (early stages of the lactate minimum speed incremental test) compared with passive recovery. This caused the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio to fall during the early stages of the lactate minimum speed test, to reach a minimum point at a running speed that coincided with the lactate minimum speed and that was similar to the point at which the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline in the standard incremental test. Although these results suggest that the mechanism for blood lactate accumulation at the lactate minimum speed and the lactate threshold may be the same, disruption to normal submaximal exercise metabolism as a result of the preceding sprint exercise, including a three- to five-fold elevation of plasma pyruvate concentration, makes it difficult to interpret the blood lactate response to the lactate minimum speed test. Caution should be exercised in the use of this test for the assessment of endurance capacity. 相似文献
12.
The aim of this study was to assess the responses of blood lactate and pyruvate during the lactate minimum speed test. Ten participants (5 males, 5 females; mean +/- s: age 27.1 +/- 6.7 years, VO 2max 52.0 +/- 7.9 ml kg -1 min -1 ) completed: (1) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved supramaximal sprint exercise to invoke a metabolic acidosis before the completion of an incremental treadmill test (this results in a ‘U-shaped’ blood lactate profile with the lactate minimum speed being defined as the minimum point on the curve); (2) a standard incremental exercise test without prior sprint exercise for determination of the lactate threshold; and (3) the sprint exercise followed by a passive recovery. The lactate minimum speed (12.0 +/- 1.4 km h -1 ) was significantly slower than running speed at the lactate threshold (12.4 +/- 1.7 km h -1 ) (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in VO 2 , heart rate or blood lactate concentration between the lactate minimum speed and running speed at the lactate threshold. During the standard incremental test, blood lactate and the lactate-topyruvate ratio increased above baseline values at the same time, with pyruvate increasing above baseline at a higher running speed. The rate of lactate, but not pyruvate, disappearance was increased during exercising recovery (early stages of the lactate minimum speed incremental test) compared with passive recovery. This caused the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio to fall during the early stages of the lactate minimum speed test, to reach a minimum point at a running speed that coincided with the lactate minimum speed and that was similar to the point at which the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio increased above baseline in the standard incremental test. Although these results suggest that the mechanism for blood lactate accumulation at the lactate minimum speed and the lactate threshold may be the same, disruption to normal submaximal exercise metabolism as a result of the preceding sprint exercise, including a three- to five-fold elevation of plasma pyruvate concentration, makes it difficult to interpret the blood lactate response to the lactate minimum speed test. Caution should be exercised in the use of this test for the assessment of endurance capacity. 相似文献
13.
14.
Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the ‘anaerobic threshold’ (AnT) of subjects determined during a continuous 2‐min incremental exercise test until exhaustion and the ‘maximal lactate steady‐state’ (BLaSsmax) determined during prolonged exercise at constant loads corresponding to the subjects’ AnT and/or 5–25% above and below it. Seventeen subjects performed an incremental exercise test and 1–5 prolonged exercise tests on a cycle ergometer until exhaustion at intervals of 1 week, and work rates, oxygen uptake (VO2) values and brachial venous blood lactate (BLa) levels were measured. It was proposed that when exercising at a constant workload below AnT, BLa would fall after having reached its peak; at the level of AnT, BLa reaches maximal steady‐state (BLaSsmax); and above AnT, BLa increases continuously. Altogether, in 34 of 45 tests with a constant workload between 80 and 125% AnT, BLa values were as expected. In those cases in which BLaSsmax was reached, BLa increased on average by 3.8 mM from resting levels. This increase was 2.0 mM greater than that seen between resting levels and AnT during incremental exercise. There was no correlation between BLa values at BLaSsmax and at AnT, both when expressed as an increase in BLa (ABLa) and absolute BLa concentration. Altogether, 81% of the variation in BLa concentration at BLaSsmax could be explained by the subjects’ age, the percentage of slow‐twitch fibres and BLa levels at rest. The AnT and BLaSsmax did not differ significantly, and these values were correlated (r = 0.83). Together, AnT and age accounted for 85% of the variation seen in BLaSsmax. The BLaSsmax did not correlate with AnT when fixed at a BLa concentration of 4 mM (AnT4mM). The three hypotheses tested in this study were confirmed, and the present results demonstrate that AnT correlates with BLaSsmax. The few exceptions to anticipated BLa kinetics were small in magnitude and could be explained by physiological variations. 相似文献
15.
Prediction of 2000 m indoor rowing performance using a 30 s sprint and maximal oxygen uptake 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Riechman SE Zoeller RF Balasekaran G Goss FL Robertson RJ 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(9):681-687
The aim of this study was to predict indoor rowing performance in 12 competitive female rowers (age 21.3 +/- 3.6 years, height 1.68 +/- 0.54 m, body mass 67.1 +/- 11.7 kg; mean +/- s) using a 30 s rowing sprint, maximal oxygen uptake and the blood lactate response to submaximal rowing. Blood lactate and oxygen uptake (VO2) were measured during a discontinuous graded exercise test on a Concept II rowing ergometer incremented by 25 W for each 2 min stage; the highest VO2 measured during the test was recorded as VO2max (mean = 3.18 +/- 0.35 l.min-1). Peak power (380 +/- 63.2 W) and mean power (368 +/- 60.0 W) were determined using a modified Wingate test protocol on the Concept II rowing ergometer. Rowing performance was based on the results of the 2000 m indoor rowing championship in 1997 (466.8 +/- 12.3 s). Laboratory testing was performed within 3 weeks of the rowing championship. Submitting mean power (Power), the highest and lowest five consecutive sprint power outputs (Maximal and Minimal), percent fatigue in the sprint test (Fatigue), VO2max (l.min-1), VO2max (ml.kg-1.min-1), VO2 at the lactate threshold, power at the lactate threshold (W), maximal lactate concentration, lactate threshold (percent VO2max) and VEmax (l.min-1) to a stepwise multiple regression analysis produced the following model to predict 2000 m rowing performance: Time2000 = -0.163 (Power) -14.213.(VO2max l.min-1) +0.738.(Fatigue) 7.259 (R2 = 0.96, standard error = 2.89). These results indicate that, in the women studied, 75.7% of the variation in 2000 m indoor rowing performance time was predicted by peak power in a rowing Wingate test, while VO2max and fatigue during the Wingate test explained an additional 12.1% and 8.2% of the variance, respectively. 相似文献
16.
The aims of the study were to modify the training impulse (TRIMP) method of quantifying training load for use with intermittent team sports, and to examine the relationship between this modified TRIMP (TRIMP(MOD)) and changes in the physiological profile of team sport players during a competitive season. Eight male field hockey players, participating in the English Premier Division, took part in the study (mean+/-s: age 26+/-4 years, body mass 80.8+/-5.2 kg, stature 1.82+/-0.04 m). Participants performed three treadmill exercise tests at the start of the competitive season and mid-season: a submaximal test to establish the treadmill speed at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol . l(-1); a maximal incremental test to determine maximal oxygen uptake ([V]O(2max)) and peak running speed; and an all-out constant-load test to determine time to exhaustion. Heart rate was recorded during all training sessions and match-play, from which TRIMP(MOD) was calculated. Mean weekly TRIMP(MOD) was correlated with the change in [V]O(2max) and treadmill speed at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol x l(-1) from the start of to mid-season (P<0.05). The results suggest that TRIMP(MOD) is a means of quantifying training load in team sports and can be used to prescribe training for the maintenance or improvement of aerobic fitness during the competitive season. 相似文献
17.
The physiological responses to skating and the incidence of injuries were recorded in young, Danish elite figure skaters (n = 8) over a 1-year period. The skaters' maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) ranged from 54.7 to 68.8 ml kg-1 min-1, and work intensity during simulated competitive figure skating corresponded to 89% VO2 max. Before the onset of competitive skating, but after a warm-up, blood lactate (BLa) concentration was measured as 2.0 +/- 0.05 mM (means +/- S.E.). After a 4-min run, BLa increased to 8.0 +/- 0.6 mM. The subjects' resting heart rates were measured each morning over a 1-year period and corresponded to 53 +/- 2 and 58 +/- 3 beats min-1 for the males and females respectively, with no systematic season-related variations. The skaters trained for 15-41 h per week, 60-95 min of this time being spent on warm-up activities. The injury incidence rate during competitive skating was recorded as 1.4 injuries per 1000 h of training, 56% of these being acute and 44% chronic injuries. Of those injuries registered, 83% were recalled by the skaters when a retrospective questionnaire was given to them at the end of the observation period. This study indicates that ice figure skating is associated with high aerobic power. Furthermore, Danish skaters spend large amounts of time on training, including warm-up and stretching. Despite the amount of training and the intensity of ice-skating programmes, injury rates are low compared with other sporting events. 相似文献
18.
The purpose of the present study was to assess fitness and running performance in a group of recreational runners (men, n = 18; women, n = 13). 'Fitness' was determined on the basis of their physiological and metabolic responses during maximal and submaximal exercise. There were strong correlations between VO2 max and treadmill running speeds equivalent to blood lactate concentrations of 2 mmol l-1 (V-2 mM) or 4 mmol l-1 (V-4 mM), 'relative running economy' and 5 km times (r = -0.84), but modest and non-significant correlations between muscle fibre composition and running performance. The results of the submaximal exercise tests suggested that the female runners were as well trained as the male runners. However, the men still recorded faster 5 km times (19.20 +/- 1.97 min vs 20.97 +/- 1.70 min; P less than 0.05). Therefore the of the present study suggest that the faster performance times recorded by the men were best explained by their higher VO2 max values, rather than their training status per se. 相似文献
19.
20.
游泳运动员高原训练某些生理生化指标的训练监控研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在游泳运动队进行高原训练期间，通过血细胞分析技术以及酶学分析技术，对运动员的基本生理、生化指标进行监控，每周测定一次运动员安静时红细胞计数(RBC)、Het、Hb、白细胞计数(WBC)及CK值。结果表明：与高原训练前相比，运动员RBC计数、Het和Hb出现先下降再升高、再下降、在高原训练结束再升高的过程，且在高原训练结束时，Hot和Hb显著增高。WBC计数和血清CK值在高原训练期间变化不明显。 相似文献