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社区体育服务体系探析 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15
本文以小康社会为背景，提出构建社区体育服务体系，是当前社会经济转型时期体育建设的重要问题，对促进社会生活质量提高具有不可忽视的重要意义。为此，本文从余暇运动、体育消费观念、运动方式的多样性、体育服务市场的合理引导以及弱者体育服务保障系统几个方面讨论社区体育服务体系的建构。 相似文献
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农村体育"四维健康"组合体系的构建 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据农村传统习惯和场地特征,结合农民的生活规律、劳动特点,构建具有农村特色、切实可行的农村体育"四维健康"组合体系.包括农村体育身体健康服务体系;农村体育心理健康服务体系;农村体育社会健康服务体系;农村体育环境健康服务体系.通过政府组织、经济杠杆、体育文化、职业教育、法律法规意识引导等,建立农村体育"四维健康"长期引导机制. 相似文献
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近年来,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,追求体育健身的需求越来越大,但目前体育活动场地严重不足,成为了我国群众体育事业的发展的主要阻碍,而我国学校体育场地设施占全国体育设施约2/3。开放学校体育设施有利于缓解体育设施不足的状况,满足人民群众的需求;有利于构建完善的全民健身服务体系,促进全民健身可持续发展;有利于提高体育设施利用率,发挥学校体育设施的社会效益。根据研究烟台经济技术开发区城区中学体育设施开放过程中存在的主要问题,为促进中小学体育设施持续开放提出参考对策。 相似文献
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健身气功在构建上海市多元化社区体育服务体系中的作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用文献资料、问卷调查、专家访谈等研究方法,对健身气功如何在社区体育设施、组织、指导、信息等方面发挥服务作用进行了探讨。认为:健身气功在构建多元化社区体育服务体系中起到了积极作用。提出应完善健身气功站点建设,加强组织网络体系构建,并将两者紧密联系发展等建议。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、访谈和问卷调查等方法,从体育公共服务资金、体育场地设施、社会体育指导员、体育活动组织和国民体质健康监测方面对新疆政府体育公共服务供给能力现状和提升路径进行调研.新疆政府格外关注体育公共服务供给能力提升,公共体育设施建设力度加大,体育公共服务资金供给相对多元,但社会投入不足、还未形成省、市、县、乡镇、村五级体育公共设施网络系统、社会体育指导员队伍结构不合理、基层群众体育社会组织建设滞后、缺乏体育公共服务供需对接等主要障碍,总体表现为重硬件轻软件供给.从新疆实际出发,提升路径可以从3个方面着手:(1)以建设公共体育设施为突破口,继续将基层体育设施建设纳入到新疆"民生工程"建设之中,注重公益性体育场馆效益;(2)积极以改革激发社会活力,培育和扶持基层群众体育社会组织;(3)尝试以创建新疆三地国家公共文化服务体系示范区为突破口,建立体育公共服务供给标准,实施体育公共服务供给互动协作机制. 相似文献
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通过文献资料、数理统计等方法,对江苏科技大学2002至2004年学生实施《学生体质健康标准》情况的动态分析和研究,结果表明:江苏科技大学学生体质健康总体水平不断提高,但存在身高体重指数呈现向较低体重偏态分布、男生超重和肥胖显著增加、耐力素质严重滑坡等问题。建议加强健康教育,增加体育设施的投入,提高学生"健康第一,终身体育"的锻炼意识,强化课内外体育锻炼"三位一体"的有机结合,促进学生良好生活方式的培养和建立,优化体育课堂实践教材和内容选择,深化体育教育改革,加强学生对与体质健康相关性较高项目耐力素质的锻炼,有效的促进整体体质健康水平的提高。 相似文献
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我国体育设施建设规划探索 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用文献资料等方法,分析当前我国体育设施建设中存在的问题;明确对我国体育设施建设发展进行统一规划的必要性.认为统一规划是解决全民健身发展主要矛盾的内在要求、是全面贯彻科学发展观的必需、是构建公共体育服务体系的必需.同时,就制定统一规划的障碍性进行研究,提出加强政策措施、严定各级体育设施用地指标、实施四级发展模式、积极鼓励学校体育设施对外开放等建议. 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献