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股权结构包括股权制衡和股权集中两方面,并在公司治理中发挥着基础性作用。"一股独大"的股权集中现象在中国上市公司中普遍存在,特别是在国有上市公司中"一股独大"现象更加明显。采用混合截面层次回归法,研究了2007—2010年国有制造业上市公司股权结构对研发投入与公司绩效之间关系的调节作用。研究表明:(1)R&D对公司绩效有显著的正向影响;(2)股权制衡显著正向调节R&D与公司绩效的关系;(3)股权集中显著负向调节R&D与公司绩效的关系。 相似文献
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《科学学与科学技术管理》2021,(1)
基于世界银行中国企业调查数据,从资源获取和信号传递的视角出发,构建了中国本土情境下的微观企业层面政策不确定性认知人—境交互的创新决策模型,将管理层与企业内部情境中的股东和员工纳入同一研究框架,探讨了政策不确定性认知对企业探索式创新的影响作用机制,分别考察了股权集中度和员工合作度对政策不确定性认知与探索式创新之间的调节效应,并在此基础上进一步探讨了股权集中度与员工合作度的联合调节效应。结果表明:(1)政策不确定性认知显著促进了企业探索式创新;(2)股权集中度对政策不确定性认知与探索式创新之间存在正向调节作用;(3)在员工合作度高的情境下,政策不确定性认知对企业探索式创新的促进作用更大;(4)股权集中度对政策不确定性认知和企业探索式创新的调节作用还依赖于员工的合作程度。 相似文献
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以2012—2015年中小企业板的221家企业作为研究样本,研究表明,股权结构与研发投入之间有显著相关性,并且随着企业股权集中度的上升;企业研发投入强度呈现先提高后降低再提高,两者之间的具体关系为"N"字形三次方曲线,股权制衡度与研发投入之间是正向线性关系;管理层的平均年龄和研发投入显著负相关,受教育程度与研发投入强度显著正相关,且管理层平均年龄和受教育程度对股权结构与研发投入有正向调节效应。 相似文献
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近年来企业改革不断推进,以国有资产保值增值为目标的混合所有制改革对国有企业和民营企业的研发投入有不同程度的影响.以2011—2018年混合所有制改革的企业为样本,研究股权结构对企业研发投入的影响.研究发现:对于国有企业,股权多样性和股权融合度对企业研发投入影响不显著,而股权集中度对企业研发投入有显著的负向影响.对于非国有企业,股权多样性和股权融合度对企业的研发投入有显著的正向影响,股权集中度对企业研发投入有显著的负向影响. 相似文献
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以2010-2014年高新技术上市公司为样本,研究高管持股的利益趋同效应和管理防御效应如何作用于政府资助对研发投资的影响,以及股权治理机制能否对高管防御效应产生治理效果。研究发现:(1)政府资助对企业研发投资具有显著的激励效应;(2)高管持股比例适中时,政府资助对企业研发投资具有较强的激励效应;高管持股过高或过低时会产生管理防御效应,从而抑制了政府资助对高新技术企业研发投资的激励效应;(3)股权制衡度和基金持股比例的提高能够抑制管理防御的负面影响,从而增强政府资助对研发投资的激励效应。 相似文献
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利用2008—2019年广东制造业上市企业数据,通过门槛检验和回归等方法分析政府补贴对企业研发投入在企业异质影响下的政策效果。结论表明,政府补贴对企业研发投入有正向激励效应,但效应非线性呈门槛特征,补贴强度大于4.30%时效果更显著;同时,补贴对企业研发投入的影响分别存在以企业规模和股权集中度为控制变量的双门槛效应,具体表现为对资产小于6.712亿元的企业研发投入影响最显著,对股权集中度介于1.109与4.718之间的企业研发投入影响最显著,因此建议政府对企业研发补贴应结合企业特质系统决策以提高补贴效率。 相似文献
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本文使用2005-2007年中国工业企业数据,用Tobit模型实证检验了国有企业研发投入对民营企业创新行为的影响,以及地区行业内产业集聚和竞争状况对上述影响关系的调节效应。本文研究发现:(1)随着地区行业内国有企业研发投入比例的升高,民营企业的创新投入显著减少,即,国有企业研发投入对民营企业创新投入具有挤出效应;(2)在产业集聚程度较高的地区和行业内,国有企业研发投入的挤出效应会显著加强;(3)在竞争程度较高的地区和行业内,国有企业研发投入的挤出效应则会显著减弱。本文为政府提高创新资源配置效率,推进企业主导的自主创新战略有效实施提供了有益的政策建议。 相似文献
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本研究基于企业股权结构(股权集中度和股权制衡度)的调节作用,以2013-2018年间沪深两市A股上市的269家企业数据为样本,探索了沉淀资源、股权结构与企业研发产出效果之间的关系。研究表明:沉淀资源与企业研发产出效果之间呈显著正相关;股权集中度和股权制衡度都正向调节沉淀资源与企业研发产出效果的关系;在股权制衡度较大的企业中,股权集中度对沉淀资源与企业研发产出效果关系的正向调节作用更加显著,当股权制衡度较低时,股权集中度对沉淀资源与企业研发产出效果之间的调节作用并不显著。该研究结论不但拓展了现有文献对企业冗余资源和研发投资决策关系的认识,而且对保障我国企业创新能力提升和股权结构优化实践管理具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献