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1.
徐斌 《科学学与科学技术管理》2011,32(6)
跨国公司在进行研发投入时必须权衡选择集中或分散的研发组织形式,这就需要综合考虑各种因素才能做出正确的决策.分析论证了影响公司研发组织形式选择的因素,并从知识管理的角度探讨了这些因素怎样影响跨国公司研发组织形式的选择,得出一个跨国公司研发组织形式的选择模型,最后用案例进行了验证. 相似文献
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探讨了跨国公司离岸研发管理中与组织和协调有关的几个问题,首先是跨国公司离岸研发职能的设置和影响因素,以及离岸研发活动与母公司研发活动的关系,这两者相互关联,并影响了跨国公司管理离岸研发活动的态度和措施.随后,分别对不同类型的离岸研发的管理重点进行分析.最后关注的是在各类离岸研发活动基础上构建的研发网络的协调问题. 相似文献
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跨国公司在中国的研发独占性研究——基于非法律保护手段选择的实证分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研发独占性是企业创新和发展的关键,随着经济全球化的发展,其面临更多的挑战.作为世界主要经济力量的跨国公司,其在研发独占性的实践经验对于不断国际化的中国企业具有重要的借鉴和学习意义.在跨国创新体系的基础上,从跨国公司内部的研发地域组织的角度建立了新的分析独占性的概念性框架,并通过对120家从事研发活动的跨国公司在华子公司的非法律保护手段选择进行了实证研究.统计分析表明,跨国公司对于显性知识的保护越来越倾向于使用非法律保护手段,而内部的全球研发地域组织对于跨国公司独占机制的选择具有十分重要的影响. 相似文献
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虚拟研发组织的知识转移机制:一个文献综述 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
从虚拟研发组织内部治理结构出发,着力探讨其中的知识转移机制,力求通过对相关文献的综述,理清虚拟研发组织知识转移理论的研究脉络,展示虚拟研发组织中知识转移的最新研究进展,指出其研究重点与难点并给出未来研究方向。 相似文献
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组织结构与知识转化的作用机制研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着企业的快速发展,企业组织结构转型问题越来越受到关注。知识的重要性凸现了从知识转化角度关注企业组织结构的必要性。分析了知识转化要素,研究了其对组织成长和组织结构变迁的影响,分析了组织结构与知识转化过程的关系以及不同类型组织的知识转化特点,进而,对企业组织转型成败的原因进行了重新解读,提出了知识转化要素特征与企业组织结构的匹配性正是影响企业组织结构转型成败的原因所在。 相似文献
6.
子公司在跨国公司知识创新及流动体系中的角色 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
跨国公司的组织结构正在由传统的价值链形式向全球网络组织转变,跨国公司的知识水平和创新能力取决于内部的研发活动,也取决于海外子公司从当地外部网络吸收那些难以通过市场机制实现的具有当地特定知识的能力．海外子公司从过去知识的单向吸收者逐渐转变成为跨国公司知识体系的重要知识来源．在知识的创新和传播过程中,跨国公司的子公司在全球创新体系中承担不同的角色,本文从子公司的角度出发,按照子公司创造知识的能力以及所创造知识的可转移性两个维度,把跨国公司的子公司划分为知识的提供者、吸收者、深化者以及修改者等四个角色,介绍了四种角色的特点以及战略意义,对跨国公司的全球知识管理战略提供了相应的建议． 相似文献
7.
跨国公司研发全球化的组织类型及其演化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研发活动的全球化在跨国公司的推动下,显示出迅速发展的态势。跨国公司全球研发组织形态也随着公司发展战略和研发业务特性的变化而不断进行着调整,相继出现母国绝对集中式研发、母国相对集中式研发、多中心分散式研发、轴心型混合式研发、网络化整合研发五种组织类型。在跨国公司研发全球化的过程中,跨国公司的全球研发组织形式逐渐由控制走向协调,由协调走向协同,逐渐演化为整合的一体化的网络系统。 相似文献
8.
跨国公司中虚拟研发组织的形式及其选择 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在对跨国公司虚拟研发组织兴起的背景分析的基础上,探讨虚拟研发组织的主要组织方式及其利弊,并为跨国公司选择适宜的虚拟研发组织形式提供了参照的标准。 相似文献
9.
研发联盟企业间知识共享影响因素的实证研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
由于研发联盟企业间的知识共享跨越了组织的边界，因此具有更为复杂的机制。本文通过分析研发联盟企业间知识共享的微观机制，从合作伙伴的技术资源强度、企业的组织学习能力、技术知识的壁垒属性、伙伴间的相容性水平等四个方面探讨了研发联盟企业间知识共享的影响因素，并采用结构方程模型（SEM）结合151家企业的调查数据，实证研究了上述四个因素对研发联盟知识共享绩效的影响作用。最后提出了研发联盟改善知 知识共享绩效的措施以及本文进一步研究的方向。 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
12.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
13.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
15.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
16.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
17.
Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
19.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
20.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献