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社会交换理论认为员工知识分享行为基于员工与组织间的互惠关系,而社会认知理论认为员工知识分享行为不仅受到环境因素的直接影响,还受到员工在特定组织环境中对自我价值和能力认知的影响。基于这两个理论,在文献研究基础上我们提出了员工知觉组织支持和公平对其知识分享行为影响机理的概念模型。该模型表明员工知觉组织支持和公平对员工知识分享行为不仅有直接的影响,还通过信任和员工基于组织的自尊这两个变量产生间接的影响。 相似文献
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已有研究将社会资本作为获取外部知识的渠道,隐含假设是社会资本具有知识流入效应。由于知识分享的相互性,社会资本实质上还具有知识流出效应。已有研究主要强调知识流入效应,是因为私有协同创新中的知识分享存在有意识的控制机制和组织边界,从而有效地抑制了知识流出。在共有协同创新网络中,创新团队间边界模糊且知识分享不受限制,导致知识流出效应显著增强。本文以共有协同创新网络为背景,探讨创新团队社会资本对新产品流行度的差异化影响以及如何控制该影响。通过收集开源平台SourceForge上1595个项目和8186个志愿者信息,结果发现创新团队度中心性对新产品流行度具有倒U型作用;桥中心性和接近中心性可提升新产品流行度。团队知识利用则有利于延缓社会资本的负面效应,强化其正面效应。 相似文献
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新创科技企业战略人力资源与组织创新 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究聚焦于软件研发、电子通讯等行业内成立1-5年的新创科技企业,运用Bootstrapping等方法,提出了一个平衡环境下战略人力资源管理与组织情绪能力对组织创新影响的三维交互有调节的中介模型。研究通过对100余家新创科技企业的问卷调查表明：新创科技企业组织情绪能力在战略人力资源管理与组织创新绩效关系间起完全中介作用;环境动态性与环境竞争性在战略人力资源管理以组织情绪能力为中介对组织创新绩效影响过程中产生平衡效应;更进一步,环境动态性与竞争性的平衡效应在组织情绪能力中介作用过程中起“U”型非线性调节作用。研究结果揭示了复杂变革环境下,新创科技企业组织情绪能力的有效作用路径与边界,并为组织层次情绪理论和情绪构面组织能力提供了理论启示和实践指引。 相似文献
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研究其内部知识协同的动机,对于企业更好的管理和激励团队成员积极参与知识协同具有十分重要的意义。本文基于组织学习的视角,从知识贡献者和知识寻求者两方面,探讨了影响研发团队成员主动参与知识协同的动机因素,并构建了理论模型。分析结果表明：个人声誉、共享意愿及群体认同对知识贡献者参与组织学习的动机具有不同影响;社会地位、渠道多样化及社会存在感对知识寻求者的主动性具有显著正向影响;应用性学习与探索性学习均对协同创新绩效有显著影响,且前者的影响大于后者;团队激励对组织学习和知识协同创新绩效间的关系具有干预调节作用。 相似文献
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基于创新合作伙伴选择的涌现理论,构建了包括组织间战略文化协同、技术协同和组织协同的开放式创新组织间协同管理体系,将组织间知识协同效应分为效率性知识协同效应和增长性知识协同效应.采用长三角地区高新技术企业调研数据,实证检验了开放式创新组织间协同管理对知识协同效应的影响.结果表明,开放式创新组织间协同管理3个维度对知识协同效应两个维度均具有显著正向影响作用.进一步分析发现,组织间技术协同对效率性知识协同效应作用最大,组织间组织协同对增长性知识协同效应作用最大.因此,在不同阶段企业创新管理应该选择侧重点,在获取外部技术知识前期阶段进行知识共享时,技术协同是组织间协同管理的侧重点,而在获取外部技术知识后期阶段进行知识整合时,组织协同是组织间协同管理的侧重点. 相似文献
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【目的/意义】组织双元能力是产学研知识创新协同演化的内生动力机制。研究阐释了双元能力与产学研
知识创新协同演化的耦合机理,为产学研合作创新绩效的实现提供借鉴和启示。【方法/过程】基于组织双元性理论
和知识创新理论,构建双元能力影响产学研知识创新协同演化的理论框架,以及契合各主体间动态反馈行为的系
统动力学模型,并进行仿真和灵敏度分析。【结果/结论】研究表明,产学研合作创新网络中各主体间基于创新性知
识的供求关系为开展双元型合作提供条件,双元能力与产学研知识创新增量之间呈现倒U型关系。 相似文献
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通过对265名企业中高层干部的问卷调查,对领导风格与组织文化的协同和组织创新气氛之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明:变革型领导对发展导向组织文化有显著正向影响,交易型领导对经济导向组织文化有显著正向影响,知识产权保护能力正向调节变革型领导与发展导向组织文化的协同和组织创新气氛之间的关系,知识产权保护能力负向调节交易型领导与经济导向组织文化的协同和组织创新气氛之间的关系。发展导向组织文化在变革型领导和组织创新气氛之间起部分中介作用,经济导向组织文化在交易型领导和组织创新气氛之间起部分中介作用。 相似文献
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开放式创新下组织吸收能力概念拓展 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
组织通过吸收能力获取与利用外部知识资源是组织竞争力的重要来源。随着开放式创新以及组织与环境间关系的发展变化,既有的吸收能力概念已不适用于组织开放式创新问题的研究。通过对吸收能力研究的前因、过程、产出以及影响因素归纳,结合开放式创新中自外而内、耦合、自内而外三个维度以及研究与开发阶段,提出吸收能力概念可以从过程动态性、学习特点、知识与网络组合属性以及路径特点四个方面进行拓展。就组织开放式创新与吸收能力未来研究提出相关建议。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献