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对国内2000—2008年发表在代表性学术期刊上的虚拟团队研究论文进行系统全面的检索、分类和分析。从参考学科、研究题目、研究方法和应用领域4个层面分析了国内虚拟团队研究的现状,并对国内外研究形势进行了比较。研究发现中国虚拟团队的研究:以管理学、社会学以及心理学作为主要理论基础;研究题目总体集中在虚拟团队的概念、管理建议及其应用于其他领域的介绍等,基于I-P-O模型的研究近几年呈上升趋势,但直至目前研究的涵盖范围仍然不够全面;研究方法以非实证方法为主,实证方法应用很少;应用领域主要集中在高新技术产品研发组织,另有一小部分研究是关于虚拟企业、虚拟软件开发团队等。与西方相比,中国的虚拟团队研究在研究重点、研究方法和应用领域上具有自己的特点,也有需要进一步完善的地方。 相似文献
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诺贝尔奖获奖者的创新方法论途径是我国原始性创新研究的热点问题。本研究基于原始性创新的典型代表——诺贝尔奖获奖者与我国两院院士的权威资料,运用结构方程分析和证据推理方法从学科领域探讨了原始性创新的方法和技巧。结果表明,物理学领域原始性创新技法可以分为本学科(物理学)的理论、方法和试验手段、成熟学科(如化学、生物)的理论、方法和试验手段,以及科学方法和工具类学科(如数学、计算机科学、哲学)的理论和方法三大类方法论途径,并且各类方法途径的显著程度不同。研究还分析了诺贝尔奖获奖者与我国两院院士在创新技法上的特点,旨在探究我国原始性创新能力不强的方法论途径。 相似文献
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家长式领导是领导学和组织行为学领域的新兴研究命题,其在高校科研团队组织背景下的解释力和影响效应值得探讨。从知识管理的视角,构建科研团队带头人家长式领导行为对团队创新绩效影响的跨层次概念模型。选取北京、广东两地重点高校80支科研团队进行问卷调查,对家长式领导在高校组织背景下的内容结构和量表进行修订。选取342支教育部创新团队进行大样本问卷调查和实证分析。研究发现,高校科研团队带头人存在有家长式的领导行为,但是其内容结构与企业背景下的研究结论存在差异。科研团队带头人的威权、仁慈和德行等家长式领导行为,通过影响团队知识管理过程,进而对团队创新绩效有不同的影响路径。 相似文献
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基于文献计量学引文分析原理,本研究以1983年—2017年创新扩散领域3574篇中文文献和33288篇英文文献为数据,运用CitespaceV分析工具,可视化呈现了该领域国内外研究的知识结构网络图,综合分析比较了国内外研究热点和知识基础。研究显示:(1)国内"以创新扩散为研究起点,以传播理论和技术创新两条路径为主导"的U型研究路径形成;(2)以"双一流"高校为主导,以中西部高校为重要力量的研究格局形成;(3)"偏管理,轻传播"的研究特点形成,发展出"以管理为目标,以传播为工具"的研究背书;(4)中西研究对比差距大,国内创新传播实践发展与学术研究落差大。展望未来,国内创新扩散研究还需强化科研底气、提振科研自信;培树权威科研团队,形成创新扩散的学术阵地;针对国内特殊"情境"应给予特别关注,摒除理论排斥效应;"创新扩散中国学派"将在探索中形成,创新扩散领域中国理论终将产生。 相似文献
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已有的原始性创新研究多基于产业基础观和资源基础观,然而转型经济背景下企业的原始性创新不仅需要企业的投入,还需要制度环境的支持.基于制度基础观,探索了正式制度支持和非正式制度支持与不同所有制类型企业的原始性创新之间的关系,采用303家中国企业的实证数据检验了提出的假设.研究发现:正式制度支持促进国有企业原始性创新和私营企业原始性创新,而对外资企业原始性创新没有显著促进作用;非正式制度支持对国有企业原始性创新没有显著促进作用,对私营企业原始性创新存在先促进后降低的作用(倒U型),对外资企业的原始性创新有显著促进作用. 相似文献
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关于原始性创新与国家竞争力的思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
周文能 《科学学与科学技术管理》2007,28(11):53-60
通过对原始性创新与国家竞争力关系的分析,认为原始性创新是国家竞争力的源头,但并不等于国家创新能力。要将科学技术成果或原始性创新成果转变成国家竞争力,有三个关键性的问题需要解决：一是要解决如何能够涌流出对国民经济产生重大影响和带动作用的原始性创新成果;二是如何从战略角度,从长计议,部署原始性创新工作;三是如何迅速实现原始性创新成果的社会价值和经济价值。自由探索性基础研究与战略性基础研究的关系、原始性创新主体与企业创新主体的关系、战略性前瞻与战术性部署的关系、原始性创新投入与R＆D投入的关系、原始性创新环境与创新成果涌流的关系,从五个方面论述了为了解决科学技术成果或原始性创新成果转变成国家竞争力就是要正确地处理五大关系,并提出了相关对策与建议。 相似文献
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现有理论对于哪些要素驱动原始性创新以及如何从此类创新中获益还存在争议。基于此,本文探讨了影响原始性创新的企业资源基础(资源柔性)和能力基础(能力柔性)以及原始性创新对企业竞争力的作用,并对组织合法性在原始性创新与竞争力关系间的调节作用进行研究。本文的样本包含303家中国企业,每个企业选择2个关键信息提供者(key informants),共获得606份样本数据。基于这些数据的统计结果表明,资源柔性对原始性创新产生了非线性(倒U型)影响,而能力柔性对原始性创新产生显著的正向促进作用。此外,原始性创新对企业竞争力的促进作用取决于组织合法性的有力支撑。文章最后对研究的理论价值和实践意义进行了讨论。 相似文献
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摘要：当代企业的发展越来越依赖于创新型员工与创新型团队,影响团队创新绩效的主要因素一直是研究者关注的热点。本文以企业中的工作团队为研究对象,将团队创新气氛因素纳入到团队层次目标取向对创新绩效影响的研究中。通过对70个团队样本(70个团队主管,352个团队成员)的调查分析,得出实证研究结果：团队目标取向与主管目标取向的各维度对团队创新绩效会产生不同的影响,团队创新气氛在该影响过程中扮演了部分中介功能;团队学习目标取向与主管回避失败取向对团队创新绩效具有交互作用。最后讨论了本研究的结论、局限性及展望。 相似文献
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基于TRA理论的虚拟团队信息共享行为模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以理性行为理论(Theory of Reasoned Action,TRA)为基础,通过分析虚拟团队的环境、组织和信息共享特性,构建了虚拟团队信息共享行为的基础模型;在深入研究虚拟团队文献的基础上,分别从虚拟团队成员个体、虚拟团队组织、虚拟团队成员文化以及虚拟团队管理四个层面对基础模型进一步分析研究,总结并归纳了影响虚拟团队信息共享行为的重要因素,拓展了虚拟团队信息共享行为基础模型;结合案例分析,探讨了虚拟团队信息共享行为模型的实际应用. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献