共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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以硫酸盐还原菌生物还原法消除模拟地浸废水中的放射性铀污染,分别研究了主要共污染离子Zn2+、Cu2+、SO2/4-和NO3-对铀生物沉淀过程的影响.厌氧序批式实验结果表明,初始Cu浓度低于10 mg/L或Zn浓度低于20 mg/L时对铀生物沉淀过程影响不大,当初始Cu浓度超过15 mg/L或Zn浓度超过25 mg/L时,该过程会因重金属的生物毒性作用被完全抑制.初始SO2/4-浓度低于4000 mg/L时时铀生物沉淀过程影响很小,超过5000 mg/L时会产生明显的抑制作用,且抑制作用随着SO2/4-浓度的上升而加强.研究还表明,含有NO3-的氧化性环境不利于铀的生物沉淀过程,通过反硝化反应彻底去除环境中的NO3-成为消除环境中铀污染的前提.本实验结果可望为我国核污染水环境的修复提供生物技术思路. 相似文献
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以成都市某生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液为研究对象,采用UASB反应器对其进行处理.由于渗滤液中的SO42 -被硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）转化成H2S,会造成污染并对厌氧反应中的产甲烷菌（MPB）产生抑制作用,因此添加FeCl3溶液对H2S进行去除.实验结果表明,该工艺运行效果良好.随着进水负荷（OLR）的增加, COD去除率逐渐增加而硫酸盐去除率则缓慢下降,当OLR高于7kgCOD/（m3.d）时,二者趋于稳定.当系统达到设计负荷9kgCOD/（m3.d）时,COD和硫酸盐的去除率分别稳定在79%和91%, SRB所去除的COD（CODSRB）也由启动初期的8.9%下降到4.0%.添加FeCl3后,COD去除率上升并稳定在83%,而硫酸盐的去除率和CODSRB则分别进一步降为89%和1.89%.质量平衡显示,FeCl3去除了近82%的硫,并且当FeCl3用量达到l.6g/L时,产气中的H2S被完全去除.因此, FeCl3用于去除UASB处理垃圾渗滤液过程中产生的H2S是切实可行的. 相似文献
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SBR法处理模拟印染废水的实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用实验室规模的序批式活性污泥曝气反应器（SBR）工艺处理模拟的印染废水．通过实验分析了不同曝气时间、进水浓度、静沉时间与SBR处理效果之间的关系,确定了SBR法处理中低浓度的印染废水的最佳运行参数．实验结果表明,在SBR的曝气时间为8h,沉淀时间为1h的条件下,且废水进水pH值为7．5～8．6,COD—cr为8901080mg／L、氨氮为13～20mg／L、色度为350倍左右时,该工艺对CODcr、氨氮、色度等均有很好的去除效果,经处理的印染废水COD、氨氮、色度去除率分别为50％～70％、40％～67％、20％．该法具有投资少、运行费用低、操作简单的特点． 相似文献
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氨氮废水处理过程中的好氧反硝化研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用序批式反应器处理氨氮废水，试验结果验证了好氧反硝化的存在，好氧反硝化脱氮能力随混合液溶解氧浓度的提高而降低，当溶解氧浓度为0．5mg/L时，总氮去除率可达到66．0％。并结合理论分析，对好氧反硝化的机理进行了探讨。 相似文献
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中药生产废水治理研究与应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对中药废水可生化性较差的特点，采用载体固定床 序批式活性污泥法(SBR)物化、生化处理工艺路线，实现废水达标排放。应用结果表明，该研究处理中药废水，酸碱度、悬浮物、生化需氧量、化学需氧量、色度达标率为100％，挥发酚达标率为94％。 相似文献
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目的：针对目前城市污水处理中普遍存在的进水碳源不足引起的脱氮除磷效率不高的问题,而大量具有很高碳氮比（C/N）和可生物降解有机成分的食品工业废水亟需处理的现状,本文考察了木薯酒精厂废水（木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液）分别作为外加碳源资源化利用的可行性。
创新点：对比考察了木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液分别作为碳源对活性污泥系统脱氮除磷的影响,为处理低C/N比城市污水寻求廉价优质的外加碳源提供理论依据。
方法：通过运行三组平行的厌氧/缺氧/好氧序批式活性污泥反应器（SBR）,以乙酸钠作为对比,考察木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液作为碳源对活性污泥系统碳、氮、磷变化规律的影响,并通过硝酸盐利用速率（NUR）和厌氧-缺氧/好氧批次试验对污泥特性进行分析。
结论：（1）在整个试验过程中,与乙酸钠作为碳源相比,木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液在相同的运行条件下取得了更高的总氮（ TN ）去除率,分别为(72.4±3.2)%和(73.2±2.6)%,高于乙酸钠的(62.6±3.5)%。NUR 试验结果表明,木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液污泥的反硝化速率分别为5.49~5.99 g N/(kg MLVSS·h)和6.63~6.81 g N/(kg MLVSS·h),与其他研究中报道的食品工业废水的反硝化速率相当或略高。（2）以木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液作为碳源的系统发生了显著的反硝化聚磷现象,两体系中的反硝化聚磷菌分别占总聚磷菌的62.6%（86天）和61.8%（65天）。（3）以木薯酒糟上清液及其厌氧发酵液作为碳源的生物营养盐去除（SBR）系统均取得了良好稳定的脱氮除磷效果。在 BNR 工艺中投加木薯酒糟及其厌氧碱性发酵液作为外加碳源,不仅可以提高系统氮磷去除效果,还能解决这部分废水的处理问题,是一种很有潜力的替代碳源。 相似文献
创新点：对比考察了木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液分别作为碳源对活性污泥系统脱氮除磷的影响,为处理低C/N比城市污水寻求廉价优质的外加碳源提供理论依据。
方法：通过运行三组平行的厌氧/缺氧/好氧序批式活性污泥反应器（SBR）,以乙酸钠作为对比,考察木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液作为碳源对活性污泥系统碳、氮、磷变化规律的影响,并通过硝酸盐利用速率（NUR）和厌氧-缺氧/好氧批次试验对污泥特性进行分析。
结论：（1）在整个试验过程中,与乙酸钠作为碳源相比,木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液在相同的运行条件下取得了更高的总氮（ TN ）去除率,分别为(72.4±3.2)%和(73.2±2.6)%,高于乙酸钠的(62.6±3.5)%。NUR 试验结果表明,木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液污泥的反硝化速率分别为5.49~5.99 g N/(kg MLVSS·h)和6.63~6.81 g N/(kg MLVSS·h),与其他研究中报道的食品工业废水的反硝化速率相当或略高。（2）以木薯酒糟及其厌氧发酵液作为碳源的系统发生了显著的反硝化聚磷现象,两体系中的反硝化聚磷菌分别占总聚磷菌的62.6%（86天）和61.8%（65天）。（3）以木薯酒糟上清液及其厌氧发酵液作为碳源的生物营养盐去除（SBR）系统均取得了良好稳定的脱氮除磷效果。在 BNR 工艺中投加木薯酒糟及其厌氧碱性发酵液作为外加碳源,不仅可以提高系统氮磷去除效果,还能解决这部分废水的处理问题,是一种很有潜力的替代碳源。 相似文献
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Enhanced degradation of carbon tetrachloride by surfactant-modified zero-valent iron 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sorption of carbon tetrachloride （CT） by zero-valent iron （ZVI） is the rate-limiting step in the degradation of CT, so the sorption capacity of ZVl is of great importance. This experiment was aimed at enhancing the sorption of CT by ZVI and the degradation rate of CT by modification of surfactants. This study showed that ZVI modified by cationic surfactants has favorable synergistic effect on the degradation of CT. The CT degradation rate of ZVI modified by cetyl pyridinium bromide （CPB） was higher than that of the unmodified ZVI by 130%, and the CT degradation rate of ZVI modified by cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB） was higher than that of the unmodified ZVI by 81%. This study also showed that the best degradation effect is obtained at the near critical micelle concentrations （CMC） and that high loaded cationic surfactant does not have good synergistic effect on the degradation due to its hydrophilicity and the block in surface reduction sites. Furthermore degradation of CT by ZVI modified by nonionic surfactant has not positive effect on the degradation as the ionic surfactant and the ZVI modified by anionic surfactant has hardly any obvious effects on the degradation. 相似文献
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INTRODUCTION Chromium is a commonly identified soils andgroundwater contaminant. Cr(VI) is toxic, carcino-genic, and has great subsurface mobility. In contrast,Cr(III) is relatively non-toxic and immobile. Muchresearch focused on the remediation of Cr(VI) such asadsorption by zeolites (Bowman, 2003) or silicas(Hideaki et al., 2002), chemical reduction by ferrousiron (Buerge and Hug, 1999; Fendorf and Li, 1996) orzero-valent iron (Powell and Puls, 1997; Alowitz andScherer, 2002), b… 相似文献
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The effectiveness of vitamin C in treating Cr(Ⅵ)-contaminated water is being evaluated. Cr(Ⅵ) is an identified pollutant of some soils and groundwater. Vitamin C, an important biological reductant in humans and animals, can be used to transform Cr(Ⅵ) to essentially nontoxic Cr(Ⅲ). The removal efficiency was 89% when the mass concentration of vitamin C was 80 mg/L in 60 min, and nearly 100% Cr(Ⅵ) was removed when the mass concentration was 100 mg/L. Our data demonstrated that the removal efficiency was affected by vitamin C concentration, the reaction temperature and the dissolved oxygen concentration.The reaction mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) by vitamin C was presented. Our study opens the way to use vitamin C to remediate Cr(Ⅵ)-contaminated soils and groundwater. 相似文献
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高硫煤矸石中的FeS2在水中氧化分解为Fe2+,能将废水中的Cr6+还原为Cr3+,高硫煤矸石中的C对Cr6+具有较好的吸附、还原作用,从而表现出对含铬(Ⅵ)废水具有较好的净化作用。在处理含铬(Ⅵ)废水过程中,废水的pH值、反应时间、高硫煤矸石粒度、加入量对Cr6+的去除率影响较大。高硫煤矸石对含铬(Ⅵ)废水的吸附行为符合Langmui等温方程,在3 50℃～4 00℃高温处理后对Cr6+的去除效果明显提高,且反应速度加快。 相似文献
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Cr(VI) and phenol are toxic contaminants that need to be treated, and different methods have been researched to simultaneously remove these two contaminants from industrial wastewater. In this study, Cr(VI) was used as a novel Fenton-like catalyst in phenol degradation by H2O2. In the pH range of 3.0‒11.0, the degradation efficiency of phenol decreased with elevated pH. At pH = 3.0, 100 mg/L phenol was effectively degraded by 2 mmol/L Cr(VI) and 20 mmol/L H2O2. At pH = 7.0 and the same conditions as those of pH = 3.0, 79% of 100 mg/L phenol was removed within 6 h, which was an improvement in pH limitation compared with the Fe(II)-mediated Fenton reaction. Quenching experiments indicated that ·OH generated from the catalysis of H2O2 by Cr(V) instead of Cr(VI) was the primary oxidant that degraded phenol. When pyrophosphate was added in the Cr(VI)/H2O2 system, complexes with the Cr(V) intermediate rapidly formed and inhibited H2O2 decomposition, implying that the decomposition of H2O2 to ·OH was catalyzed by Cr(V) instead of Cr(VI). The presence of anions such as chloride and sulfate had insignificant effect on the degradation of phenol. TOC and UV analyses suggest that phenol could not be completely oxidized to CO2 and H2O, and the intermediates identified by high performance liquid chromatography further indicates that maleic acid and benzoquinone were intermediates which may be further degraded into short chain acids, primarily maleic, formic, acetic, and oxalic acids, and eventually into CO2 and H2O. Considering that more than 50% Cr(VI) can also be removed during this process, the Cr(VI)/H2O2 system is more appropriate for the simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) and phenol contaminants from industrial wastewater.
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张志刚 《福建工程学院学报》2014,(6):557-561
采用柚子皮制备生物吸附剂用于去除水中的Cr(VI),考察了p H值、柚子皮投加量、柚子皮粒径、溶液离子强度、反应温度等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,当溶液中Cr(VI)离子初始浓度15mg/L、p H 1.5、反应温度25℃、柚子皮投加量1.0g/100 m L、吸附时间7 h时,Cr(VI)离子去除率可达90%以上。柚子皮对Cr(VI)离子的吸附过程可以用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温模型来描述,吸附等温线线性相关性均较显著,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程。柚子皮对水中Cr(VI)离子吸附性能较好,且运行成本低,可推广应用于水中重金属离子的治理。 相似文献
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INTRODUCTIONInordertogetpliableandelegantterylenefabricjustlikesilk,terylenegreigeclothisalwayspretreatedwithalkali-decompositionprocesswh-ereinterylenegreigeclothishydrolyzedtosomeextentinNaOHsolutionatcertaintemperature(T)andpressure.Duringthisprocess,thesuperficialterylenefibreispeeledofffromtheclothanddis-solvedintosolution,inwhichteryleneacid(TA)andethyleneglycolaredischargedaspollutantsinwastewater.Theobtainedterylenefabricwithsi-lkenwrinkleandsoftfeelingiscalledartificialsilkfabr… 相似文献
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Aerobically activated sludge processing was carried out to treat terylene artificial silk printing and dyeing wastewater (TPD wastewater) in a lab-scale experiment, focusing on the kinetics of the COD removal. The kinetics parameters determined from experiment were applied to evaluate the biological treatability of wastewater. Experiments showed that COD removal could be divided into two stages, in which the ratio BOD/COD (B/C) was the key factor for stage division. At the rapid-removal stage with B/C>0.1, COD removal could be described by a zero order reaction. At the moderate-removal stage with B/C<0.1, COD removal could be described by a first order reaction. Then Monod equation was introduced to indicate COD removal. The reaction rate constant (K) and half saturation constant (KS) were 0.0208-0.0642 L/(gMLSS)·h and 0.44-0.59 (gCOD)/L respectively at 20 ℃-35 ℃. Activation energy (Ea) was 6.05×104 J/mol. By comparison of kinetic parameters, the biological treatability of TPD wastewater was superior to that of traditional textile wastewater. But COD removal from TPD-wastewater was much more difficult than that from domestic and industrial wastewater, such as papermaking, beer, phenol wastewater, etc. The expected effluent quality strongly related to un-biodegradable COD and kinetics rather than total COD. The results provide useful basis for further scaling up and efficient operation of TPD wastewater treatment. 相似文献