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Wondwossen M. Beyene 《Journal of Web Librarianship》2018,12(2):121-140
Digital inclusion is a strategy pursued to foster social inclusion of those who have been sidelined from the mainstream of information society due to lack of access to digital technologies and the skills to use them. Libraries have been working to close the gap by providing access to computers, the Internet, digital content, and digital literacy programs. However, research reveals a new type of divide where digitally competent people could be digitally excluded. This shows the need for a better conceptualization of access and literacy. This paper commits to exploring the concept of access to digital content from the perspective of people with print disability. It involved in-depth interviews with ten participants with print disability where the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health was used as a framework for data analysis. The overall analysis shows that digital inclusion would be more meaningful if it involved providing content in alternative formats and empowering users to make informed choices. Issues such as flexibility and adaptability in content presentation and design of content discovery tools are among those discussed. 相似文献
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Between Twitter revolutions and Facebook elections, there is a growing belief that information and communication technologies are changing the way democracy is practiced. The discourse around e-government and online deliberation is frequently focused on technical solutions and based in the belief that if you build it correctly they will come. This paper departs from the literature on digital divide to examine barriers to online civic participation in policy deliberation. While most scholarship focuses on identifying and describing those barriers, this study offers an in-depth analysis of what it takes to address them using a particular case study. Based in the tradition of action research, this paper focuses on analysis of practices that evolved in Regulation Room—a research project of CeRI (Cornell eRulemaking Initiative) that works with federal government agencies in helping them engage public in complex policymaking processes. It draws a multidimensional picture of motivation, skill, and general political participation divides; or the “analog” aspects of the digital divide in online civic participation and policy deliberation. 相似文献
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The issue of rural communication development has been conventionally examined under labels such as universal service, digital, divide, broadband deployment, and E-Government, which generally fall into two seemingly distinct categories—access and applications. In China, these concepts are currently incorporated into a single program, if not a single term—“Village Informatization Program” (“VIP”). The VIP upgraded the objectives of previous telephone and television “Village Access Projects” (“VAPs”), an upgrade which is intended to provide “comprehensive information services” in rural areas. The execution of the VIP regime has been faced with challenges. The lack of explicitly defined objectives and institutional arrangement has led to regulatory confusion and has compromised the outcome of initiatives taken by central department and regional/local governments which are more often independent in actions. China is therefore faced with the imperative of formulating the VIP regime which is to assimilate to China's unique institutional context. This article first reviews the current status of the VIP regime before moving on to the discussion of establishing an integrative and sustainable VIP regulatory regime in China. Then, the current regulatory regime is characterized based on which reforms are suggested—in which is highlighted a layer-based localization regulatory solution, which delineates provincial/local roles from central roles based on a stratified incentive policies and governance arrangement. Possible applications in other countries are discussed in the conclusion. 相似文献
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Sabina Lissitsa 《亚洲交流杂志》2015,25(5):447-464
This study examines the digital divide between the Jewish majority and Arab minority in Israeli society as manifested by Internet access and patterns of use. The goals of this paper were to examine the digital divide between these two groups and to identify the factors that influence these gaps. The study is based on data from the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics Annual Social Survey, collected in 2011 through face-to-face interviews of 5872 interviewees aged 20–65 years. Jews were found to have an advantage over Arabs in terms of Internet access and in terms of the two types of uses: capital-enhancing and recreational. Our important conclusion is that, theoretically, with background variables being the same, the first-level digital divide between Jews and Arabs can be considered closed; in contrast, the second-level digital divide remains even if human resources in both groups are the same. This gives reason to assume that beyond the impact of human resources, the second-level digital divide between Jews and Arabs originated from their cultural background. Israeli Arabs are a unique minority indigenous group with two affinities – to Israeli modern society (because of citizenship) and to the Arab traditional world (because of their religious and cultural roots). Closing digital gaps requires changes in basic social, economic, and cultural aspects of the Arab sector on the individual level, i.e., personal motivation, as well as on the community level, including collective sociocultural preferences. 相似文献
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This study surveys librarians' reactions to the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) report on “Reading at Risk”. Using census data, the NEA concluded that there has been a drastic decline in “literary” reading and it is most sharply pronounced in the youngest group surveyed. To determine whether librarians' perceptions of reading, especially among youth, were consistent with the NEA findings, a Delphi study was conducted. Eleven youth library professionals and educators, identified as experts, responded to survey questions probing whether digital media impact leisure time reading for both adults and adolescents; whether reading is at risk; and whether the decline in literary reading foreshadows erosion in cultural and civic participation. Library experts tended to agree with the effects of digital media on leisure time reading for children. Experts were split on how digital media impact leisure time reading among adult readers. They were closely aligned against the assertion that participation in literary reading foreshadows participation in cultural and civic participation. 相似文献
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Mamathole Margaret Lediga 《Public Library Quarterly》2018,37(3):296-305
ABSTRACTThe information and knowledge society has resulted in the exponential growth of information and communication technologies (ICTs), thus creating a gap between those who use ICTs and those who do not; hence the emergence of the term “digital divide” in the 1990s. One of the milestones of South Africa’s National Development Plan, a policy that charts the country’s development up until 2030, is to ensure that high-speed broadband internet is universally available at competitive prices. Notwithstanding the importance of ICTs in public libraries, the provision of such is still taking place on a limited scale in South Africa. This article investigates the use of ICTs in public libraries in South Africa as a tool in bridging the digital divide. It also examines the inequalities in access and use and suggests ways in which ICTs may be used to reduce the digital divide. A qualitative research methodology was adopted. In order for public libraries to function as an important tool in bridging the digital divide, there is a need to standardize the provision of public library services with regard to the digital divide. 相似文献
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党的十九大报告提出"老有所养""加快老龄事业和产业发展"的要求。在信息化时代为老年人提供各类特色服务,已经成为我国应对人口老龄化问题的重点工作。但老年群体在获取网络信息、使用信息科技能力上相对落后,在利用数字资源参与公共生活方面明显存在差距。如何弥合"银色数字鸿沟"以提升老年人生活质量已成为重要议题。本文系统梳理国内外学界对银色数字鸿沟现象的实证研究和适用理论,得出微观与宏观、个人与社会相结合的理论视角,从技术、个体和社会文化三个层面理解银色数字鸿沟形成的主要因素。基于银色数字鸿沟的形成因素,本文分别从打造新媒体个性化服务、发挥老年群体主体作用、建立社会支持网络三个方面提出弥合银色数字鸿沟的具体建议。 相似文献
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A. Paula Rodriguez Müller Amandine Lerusse Trui Steen Steven Van de Walle 《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(1):101540
Public service producers are heavily investing in the development and implementation of more efficient new digital channels to engage users in citizen sourcing efforts, such as the reporting of public service-related issues. Nevertheless, user-reporters have continued to favor earlier implemented channels including traditional (e.g., phone, office) and e-government channels (e.g., web, email) over new digital channels such as m-government channels (e.g., mobile applications). Drawing on channel choice literature and theories, this study aims at explaining users' reporting behavior by examining the role of users' personal factors, including digital divide determinants, users' service experience, and channel satisfaction. We use a combination of survey and log data on actual reporting behavior among smart bike-sharing users to explain users' channel choice. Using a multinomial logistic regression, we found that the digital divide predicts user-reporters' channel choice. Moreover, user-reporters with a longer service membership favor traditional and e-government channels, over the newly implemented m-government channels. Finally, user-reporters' satisfaction with the mobile application is negatively associated with the user-reporters' choice of traditional and e-government channels. Our results expand and update the empirical evidence on channel choice at the user level, and provide insights for public service producers who aim at enhancing public service delivery through digital users' engagement. 相似文献
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公共图书馆缩小数字鸿沟的研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
构建和谐社会是当今中国的主要任务,而营建一个和谐的信息社会,解决信息需求与供给的基本矛盾,是公共图书馆在和谐社会构建中担负的不可推卸的责任。数字鸿沟已成为构建和谐信息社会的重大障碍。本文剖析了数字鸿沟产生的原因、我国数字鸿沟的状况及其对和谐信息社会的危害,提出了公共图书馆缩小数字鸿沟、构建和谐信息社会的措施。 相似文献
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基于产权划分的数字信息资源宏观配置的制度设计路径 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
数字信息资源宏观配置的制度设计既对社会正义,又对社会效率和制度自身的效率有影响。本文按照产权划分将数字信息资源分为公共属性的数字信息资源、私人属性的数字信息资源与介于两者之间的数字信息资源,并分别对这三类数字信息资源的配置指出了制度设计路径。 相似文献
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消除数字鸿沟,构建和谐信息社会 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
文章分析了数字鸿沟的本质表现以及数字鸿沟对和谐信息社会的破坏,从图书馆的角度出发,提出了图书馆在消除数字鸿沟,构建和谐信息社会工作中的相应措施。 相似文献
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Maryam Dilmaghani 《The Communication Review》2018,21(3):181-211
The digital divide refers to the differential patterns of Internet access adoption and usage across different segments of populations. The digital divide has been linked to demographic variables such as age and gender, and socioeconomic characteristics such as education and income. Using a nationally representative Canadian survey (N = 27,223) conducted in 2013, this paper investigates whether religiosity has an independent effect on the digital divide, accounting for the previously validated predictors of Internet use. Religiosity is found to negatively associate with Internet access and activity, controlling for a large set of characteristics such as age, ethnicity, education, and income. The religiosity-related gaps in the usage patterns appear to indicate lifestyle differences for those without any tie with religion compared with the individuals of average religiosity. For the very religious, the gaps indicate that they utilize the Internet for social networking less than others. Various implications are discussed. 相似文献
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The main purpose of this study is to analyze whether a digital divide exists among European Union (EU) members, new members, and candidate countries. Beyond this, the second goal is to find out if a digital divide has a significant association with the process of becoming an EU member. First, member, new member, and candidate countries are classified into three groups, and MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) is applied to determine differences among these groups in terms of Information Society levels. Then, Information Society variables are analyzed using Discriminant Analysis. According to the results of the research, there is a significant level of digital divide in the EU and a certain information society level currently is not associated with EU membership. The EU must address the digital divide among member countries if they are to become a close-knit community, and to continue to be one of the most competitive economic powers in the world. Finaly, the EU might consider using information society level as an objective criteria along with other objective and subjective criteria currently being used as EU membership criteria. 相似文献
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On his first full day in office, President Obama issued a Memorandum on Transparency and Open Government calling on his administration to develop recommendations that would “establish a system of transparency, public participation, and collaboration.” Together, the recommendations would be used to create an “Open Government Directive” instructing agencies to transform themselves to become more transparent, collaborative, and participatory. The President also issued a Memorandum on the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). These statements did not spring ex nihilo from President Obama and his aides (or even from the army of organizations and individuals who advised them or submitted recommendations during the transition). They have a basis in extant law and regulation, and it this basis at which this article looks. 相似文献
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A subject analysis of 5195 publications in library and information science (LIS) research in Pakistan over a period of 62 years revealed that the majority of Pakistani LIS research focused on a few subject areas. Pakistani LIS researchers gave little attention to many subjects and completely ignored others. More than a quarter (26.72%) of the total items focused on “information treatment for information services” while 22% were related to “libraries as physical collections.” Other areas with some attention included “industry, profession and education” (12.32%) and “theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information” (11.40%). Researchers paid little attention to “housing technologies,” “technical services in libraries, archives and museums,” and “management.” 相似文献
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Channel choice and public service delivery in Canada: Comparing e-government to traditional service delivery 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Christopher G. ReddickAuthor Vitae Michael TurnerAuthor Vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2012,29(1):1-11
This study examines channel choice and public service delivery in Canada, comparing e-government to traditional service delivery channels such as the phone or visiting a government office. Factors studied include the digital divide, the nature of the citizen interaction with government, public service values, and satisfaction with services received by citizens. These factors are used to determine whether they impacted choice of channel and satisfaction with that channel. This study, through logistic regression of a public opinion survey of Canadian residents, found indications suggesting a digital divide in accessing e-government; found that government websites were most commonly used for information purposes, while the phone was most commonly used to solve problems. In regards to citizens' satisfaction, the apparent digital divide was bridged when females and older Canadians were more satisfied with their contact with a government website. In addition, a positive experience with service delivery and positive public service values lead to greater website satisfaction. The results of this study imply that the phone is a more effective service channel for solving problems, and the website is more effective for getting information. Therefore, governments need to provide multiple contact channels for citizens, depending upon their task at hand, while ensuring consistency of information and service response across channels. Creating a positive experience for citizens when they received a service translates into a more satisfied experience with e-government. 相似文献
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数字鸿沟是信息技术开发与应用领域中的障碍,目前它已成为构建和谐社会、实现社会公平正义的巨大障碍。通过加强信息资源共享、提高广大用户的信息素质、优化图书馆的服务质量、提升馆员自身的信息素养,高校图书馆可以而且应当在缩小甚至消弭社会性数字鸿沟中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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信息不公平主要表现为数字鸿沟和信息歧视。数字鸿沟和信息歧视现象为社会带来了诸多危害。为了消除信息不公平现象，应该采取的策略有：建立政府信息公开制度、大力发展和普及信息技术、提高人们的信息能力、发展和普及公共信息服务业等。 相似文献
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提出一种基于概念格的数字图书馆用户检索行为序列模式挖掘方法。该方法采用“基于概念格的自顶向下与分治相结合”的挖掘思想,通过自顶向下的概念格迭代,利用概念格的复用性和提取频繁项集的优势,获得数字图书馆用户检索行为的序列模式。该方法不需要遍历原始用户信息数据库,能够大大压缩挖掘时间,有助于数字图书馆提高用户检索速度、改进个性化服务。 相似文献