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1.
Josefin Lassinantti Anna Ståhlbröst Mari Runardotter 《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(1):98-111
The opening up of public sector data has provided a new data resource for the citizens. However, the use of open data and its consequent societal value has proved not to be as extensive as initially hoped for, although multiple innovations have emerged; rather it is still considered problematic, and knowledge about open data use is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to clarify open data use and engagement by people outside the public sector, especially what motives exists and how different user types align to these motives. To achieve this, a document analysis has been carried out of reported use cases identified in EU topic reports between 2014 and 2016. By applying the theory of Relevant Social Groups (RSG), which focuses on the people's interpretation of the purpose with the technology, we identified five RSGs representing overall motives for open data use: 1) Exploring for creativity, 2) Creating business value, 3) Enabling local citizen value, 4) Addressing global societal challenges, and 5) Advocating the open data agenda. We also discuss differences between the relevant social groups and the included user types, issues and implications for understanding the evolvement of the open data field, and suggests research ahead. 相似文献
2.
《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(4):101612
Recently, attention has been paid to the opportunities of data sharing across government sectors for complex public problems. These so-called ‘data collaboratives’ are seen as a novel way of leveraging different sources of data and expertise for societal impact. Data collaboratives come with new challenges that might require new governance structures and processes. So far, scant attention has been paid in the literature to data collaborative governance. This study aims to fill that gap. Building upon the collaborative governance and information sharing literature, a framework for Data Collaborative Governance is developed. This framework was tested in a living lab that focused on the public problem of anti-social behavior. Empirical data was collected over a period of one and a half years and analyzed based on an abductive research approach. The findings show that data sharing adds new elements to collaborative governance theory and practice. This study also demonstrates that a living lab is a promising methodology for studying data collaboratives. Finally, it shows that working across boundaries of organizations and sharing data to address complex problems in more collaborative ways has the potential to generate insights for complex public problems. 相似文献
3.
The adoption of e-governing practices has revolutionised the administrative machinery of governments worldwide by improving efficiency, transparency, and accountability. Researchers and administrators often aim to identify emerging research fronts and the timeline of the evolution to forecast and implement technology. In this work, we systematically investigate the trajectory of the global evolution and emerging research fronts as well as the prospects for e-governance using citation network analysis. The growth curve fitted to the number of articles published per year shows that the research activities are still in the ascendant phase. We visualise the global main path of the citation network and investigate the patterns to trace the knowledge diffusion path, major milestones, and emerging research fronts. The cluster analysis identifies the major topics of research as administration and information system management, e-governance framework design, efficiency or quality evaluation, and the application of social networks and open data leading to e-democracy. The adoption of open data and social networking for user interactions with government that leads to participatory governance are the emerging research trends. We also identify research that can have a future impact based on network parameters. The results contribute to the literature by setting the focus of future research, and assisting administrators in selecting suitable models and methodologies, and manufacturers with the development of required technical devices suitable for the upcoming phase of symbiosis. 相似文献
4.
Open government data and the private sector: An empirical view on business models and value creation
《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(3):101248
The release of government data in an open format is broadly expected to generate innovation and economic value. However, despite the emerging public notoriety of this issue, literature is still scarce regarding the commercial application of open government data. The main goal of this study is to understand how firms use open government data to create value. More specifically, we aim to identify what types of use are currently in place and which industries are more prominent in exploiting open government data. Building on the analysis of a dataset of 178 firms that use open government data across various industries in the U.S. we find twelve different atomic models. Additionally, our findings suggest that the way in which open government is used to create value is contingent to the firms' activities. Supported by robust empirical data, we anticipate that our research produces practical insights to entrepreneurs as well as firm managers in deriving value from public datasets, and equip government officials with relevant evidence for advocacy and policy-making. 相似文献
5.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(2):101643
Social media have become a common organizational resource of governments and public administrations in different contexts. Previous authors have stated that social media institutionalization encompasses a process including stages from experimentation to complete command of the innovation. However, an understanding of barriers to social media institutionalization in public administration needs to be developed. In this article we focus on exploring what factors operate as barriers of the social media institutionalization process. Methodologically, we use a mixed-methods strategy combining different sources of data for triangulation purposes, including a survey on social media conducted to Spanish largest local governments. Based on this data, and following the literature on social media institutionalization, we construct a Social Media Institutionalization Index (SMI). Our SMI is founded on a set of variables measuring to what extent social media have been embedded in public sector organizations. Also, we conducted a case study in a city council based on semi-structured interviews. Our results suggest that social media institutionalization has not been fully developed in our sample of local governments. In addition, different variables (including security, lack of resources for maintenance, control and evaluation, organizational culture, or absence of governance framework) are perceived by public managers as institutionalization barriers, whereas the governance scheme of social media seems to be the critical variable. At the same time, we emphasize that some inhibitors might be overvalued by public employees. This article encourages future avenues of comparative research and practical recommendations to public managers leading social media in the public sector. 相似文献
6.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(2):101786
Public value creation is traditionally considered as the citizens' collective expectations with respect to government and public services. Recent e-government literature indicates that what exactly constitutes public value in digital government is still debated. Whereas previous research acknowledges aspects such as co-production and the orchestration role of government in the context of public value creation, there is only a limited understanding of how public value is created by the interactions between government and business actors, and the role digital technologies play in that process. Furthermore, so far, research into public value creation processes is limited to specific services that aim to meet a specific goal; for a more complete view, an integrative perspective is required to address the multiplicity of goals. Societal challenges including climate change, sustainability, and the transition towards circularity will require governments to play a crucial role. Businesses are also transforming their vision by adding societal goals to their economic objectives and contributing to these societal challenges. This necessitates even more the need to explicitly consider the role of business in public value creation processes. In this paper we argue that there is a need to understand public value creation as an interactive process, involving both government and business actors. In this process, voluntary information sharing enabled by digital infrastructures has the potential to contribute to the value creation processes, but the increased complexity of digital technologies obscures the effects they can have on value creation. Therefore, we develop a framework that allows to reason about public value creation as an interactive process, involving government and businesses, facilitated by voluntary information sharing. The framework also allows to reason about how the technological design choices of the underlying digital infrastructure influence this value creation process. For the framework development, we use an in-depth case study from the domain of international trade. We analyze the interactions between customs authorities and supply chain actors for jointly creating public value related to revenue collection, as well as safety and security of goods entering the European Union, using business data made available via a global blockchain-enabled infrastructure. In future research, the framework that we developed can be used to analyze more complex cases with additional public value aspects, such as sustainability and circularity. 相似文献
7.
The current societal and professional context presents a variety of ethical challenges to decision makers. The importance of educational preparation for ethical decision-making and ethical leadership has been addressed in the literature of library and information science (LIS), among other professions. However, it can be quite difficult to measure the impact of professional ethics education on students. This article is based on an evaluation of published original research related to ethics education in disciplines supported by professional education, including education, nursing, allied health, journalism, social work, public health, engineering, and LIS. The study considers data related to research design, methodologies used, populations studied, approaches to measuring impact, levels of impact, and publication in the journal literature. Results indicate more extensive research in education and nursing as compared with other fields, a lack of baseline data gathering for comparison, a reliance on a limited number of data-gathering techniques, and a tendency toward studying alumni over current students 相似文献
8.
《Journal of Government Information》1998,25(2):117-134
Based on the relatively scarce data and literature on information technology (IT) utilization as well as a sample survey of 44 Jordanian public agencies, this study examines the adoption and uses of IT in the Jordanian public sector. The findings show that the majority of Jordanian public organizations have access to computers, and most of the agencies have in-house systems. Microcomputers were found to be the most common computer platform, and agency use of IT was consistently intense in the area of financial management. Most public organizations with in-house computers employ on-staff programmers, whose numbers range from one to four or fewer. Software being used in the agencies was primarily commercially produced, but there was evidence of considerable internal development of software as well. The study concludes that current, specific agency use of computing is associated positively with plans to acquire additional microcomputer technology. In addition, an overview of emerging Internet activity in Jordan and the government’s role in this still emerging phenomenon is presented. 相似文献
9.
Angela Pollak 《Library & information science research》2017,39(2):98-106
Although visual methods are emerging as a valuable and versatile tool in qualitative social studies research, confusion around terminology, options, and best practices persists. Consequently, LIS scholars who wish to employ innovative visual approaches in their research face barriers to discovering and deciding which visual options best suit their goals. Based on a review of the literature, this article identifies and describes the scope of participatory and non-participatory visual methods currently in use in the social sciences, with particular attention paid to LIS contexts. While visual methods bring clear benefits to qualitative research in terms of data quality, modes of expression, and alternate perspectives, challenges remain, including logistic issues of implementing visual study designs and ethical considerations. 相似文献
10.
Social media has opened up unprecedented new possibilities of engaging the public in government work. In response to the Open Government Directive, U.S. federal agencies developed their open government plan and launched numerous social media-based public engagement initiatives. However, we find that many of these initiatives do not deliver the intended outcomes due to various organizational, technological, and financial challenges. We propose an Open Government Maturity Model based on our field studies with U.S. federal healthcare administration agencies. This model is specifically developed to assess and guide open government initiatives which focus on transparent, interactive, participatory, collaborative public engagement that are largely enabled by emerging technologies such as social media. The model consists of five maturity levels: initial conditions (Level 1), data transparency (Level 2), open participation (Level 3), open collaboration (Level 4), and ubiquitous engagement (Level 5). We argue that there is a logical sequence for increasing social media-based public engagement and agencies should focus on achieving one maturity level at a time. The Open Government Maturity Model helps government agencies implement their open government initiatives effectively by building organizational and technological capabilities in an orderly manner. We discuss challenges and best practices for each maturity level and conclude by presenting recommendations. 相似文献
11.
新兴技术识别方法研究综述 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
[目的/意义] 对国内外新兴技术识别方法进行系统梳理,总结研究现状,分析存在问题,为今后新兴技术识别方法的研究提供参考。[方法/过程] 在文献调研与计量分析的基础上,归纳总结目前主流的新兴技术识别方法,结合典型案例分析各类方法的特征及其在新兴技术识别过程中的优缺点,并为未来新兴技术识别方法研究提出建议。[结果/结论] 目前的新兴技术识别方法既有定量的,也有定性的,常见的方法包括基于测度模型、文献计量以及文本挖掘的方法,且越来越倾向于多方法融合应用,不过现有研究仍然存在一些不足。未来对新兴技术识别方法的研究应该加强对新兴技术本质特征的探究,加强具体识别方法对新兴技术的解释意义,以及从数据源、识别方法两方面共同提升新兴技术识别的时效性;同时,还应该加强对新兴技术识别中多源数据有效融合与应用方法的探索。 相似文献
12.
数据科学经历了近50年的发展与变革,对知识创新和社会进步产生了深远的影响。现阶段对数据科学的研究,除应探讨数据科学的内涵和外延之外,还需要回答一系列深层次的问题:数据科学的核心理论和代表性实践是什么,它们是如何演化而来的,仍存在的问题和挑战是什么,未来的发展趋势是什么。为此,本文从核心理论和典型实践两个维度,将数据科学的发展历程划分为萌芽期、快速发展期和逐步成熟期三个阶段并进行总结分析。现阶段数据科学的理论研究和实践应用主要存在四类问题:一是对数据科学本身的系统研究不足;二是对数据科学领域的新问题聚焦不够;三是对数据科学领域的核心问题研究不足;四是在数据科学理论的直接指导下完成的实践应用不多。对此,提出了五点对策建议:聚焦数据科学特有的新问题和主要矛盾,健全数据科学理论研究的体系,加快数据科学实践应用的产业化,推进研究方法论的突破性创新,拓展数据科学的基础理论。 相似文献
13.
Kevin O'Brien 《Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve》2013,23(3-5):151-155
Academic interlibrary loan practitioners are experiencing changes that can be characterized as either the fragmentation of the resource sharing mission or its evolution into a new form of service routinely making use of new and diverse sources of information outside the scope of past practices. Among these new sources are curated repositories of open access literature, institutional repositories, digital libraries containing scanned public domain literature, and social media article-sharing networking sites. The incorporation of these sources of information into regular workflows presents interlibrary loan practitioners with many challenges. This paper will discuss ways to address these developments. 相似文献
14.
E-participation enables citizens to have an impact on policy-making through electronic means. Two of the most popular channels are social media and dedicated e-participation platforms. However, the ideas, comments, discussions of citizens on these two channels generate a lot of data to be processed by political representatives or public agents afterwards. Despite the existence of various techniques for social media analytics, literature is scarce regarding the analysis techniques to mine e-participation platforms as well as the possible combination of insights between the two channels.In order to address these gaps, we design a policy analytics framework to leverage insights from e-participation platforms and social media through relevant data analytics to support policy-making. In order to do so, we rely on the Design Science Research methodology. Through the analysis of four different cities in Belgium (Liège, Mons, Marche-en-Famenne, Leuven), we identify policy-makers' requirements and needs of information from platforms and social media. Then, we explore data analysis techniques to address those requirements. Finally, we design an actionable framework, present it as an interactive dashboard and iteratively test it on the case of Liège. This policy analytics framework supports each step of the traditional policy-making process with appropriate data analytics applied to the two sources. 相似文献
15.
[目的/意义] 政府数据治理问题研究是当前政府信息管理领域的前沿热点问题,对于有效衔接和推进政府信息公开、开放数据以及公共信息再利用等政府信息管理的关键问题具有重要理论指导意义。[方法/过程] 通过文献调研、概念比较、背景分析以及逻辑推导等方法,着重探讨政府数据治理概念的内涵与构成要素,并从数据驱动型行政、经济、社会以及数据风险防范等角度指出政府数据治理概念出现的必然性。[结果/结论] 站在宏观、中观和微观的不同视角详尽分析政府数据治理的主要内容和程序,进而指出其在体系结构的整体性、管理的有序化以及治理结构的耦合性、风险应对的紧迫性等方面的基本特征。最后,着重分析政府数据治理在与IT融合、内外融合以及价值融合过程中所面临的主要问题和挑战。 相似文献
16.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(1):101774
Artificial Intelligence (AI) implementation in public administration is gaining momentum heralded by the hope of smart public services that are personalised, lean, and efficient. However, the use of AI in public administration is riddled with ethical tensions of fairness, transparency, privacy, and human rights. We call these AI tensions. The current literature lacks a contextual and processual understanding of AI adoption and diffusion in public administration to be able to explore such tensions. Previous studies have outlined risks, benefits, and challenges with the use of AI in public administration. However, a large gap remains in understanding AI tensions as they relate to public value creation. Through a systematic literature review grounded in public value management and the resource-based view of the firms, we identify technology-organisational-environmental (TOE) contextual variables and absorptive capacity as factors influencing AI adoption as discussed in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first paper that outlines distinct AI tensions from an AI implementation and diffusion perspective within public administration. We develop a future research agenda for the full AI innovation lifecycle of adoption, implementation, and diffusion. 相似文献
17.
Ike Picone 《Journalism Practice》2015,9(1):35-49
This article contends that not only journalism but also journalism studies can benefit from a stronger commitment to the public. While the bodies of literature on “popular journalism”, “public journalism” and “citizen/participatory journalism” have, in different contexts and from different angles, made a strong case in favour of a public-oriented approach to journalism, it is remarkable how few of the empirical studies on journalism are based on user research. As the control of media institutions over the news process is in decline, we should take the “news audience” more seriously and try to improve our understanding of (changing) news use patterns. Besides this rather obvious theoretical point, there are also societal and methodological arguments for a more user-oriented take on the study of journalism. Starting from a reflection on the key trends in news use in the digital age—participation, cross-mediality and mobility—this article attempts to show the theoretical and societal relevance of a radical user perspective on journalism and journalism research alike. Furthermore, we look at new methodological opportunities for news user research and elaborate on our arguments by way of an empirical study on changing news practices. The study uses Q-sort methodology to expose the impact a medium's affordances can have on the way we experience news in a converged and mobile media environment. The article concludes by discussing what the benefits of a radical user perspective can be both for journalism studies as for journalism. 相似文献
18.
19.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(3):101828
A growing body of literature shows that despite the significant benefits of artificial intelligence (AI), its adoption has many unknowns and challenges. However, theoretical studies dominate this topic. Completing the recent works, this article aims to identify challenges faced by public organizations when adopting AI based on the PRISMA Framework and an empirical assessment of these challenges in the opinion of public managers using survey research. The adopted research procedure is also an added value because it could be replicated in other context scenarios. To achieve this paper's aim, the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and survey research among authorities in 414 Polish cities were carried out. As a result, a list of 15 challenges and preventive activities proposed by researchers to prevent these challenges have been identified. Empirical verification of identified challenges allows us to determine which of them limit AI adoption to the greatest extent in public managers' opinion. These include a lack of strategy or plans to initial adoption / continued usage of AI; no ensuring that AI is used in line with human values; employees' insufficient knowledge of how to use AI; insufficient AI policies, laws, and regulations; and different expectations of stakeholders and partners about AI. These findings could help practitioners to prioritize AI adoption activities and add value to digital government theory. 相似文献
20.
��[Purpose/significance] The paper systematically analyzes the identification methods of emerging technologies at home and abroad, then summarizes research status and analyzes existing problems to provide reference for future research on identification methods of emerging technologies.[Method/process] On the basis of literature research and bibliometric analysis, this paper summarized the current mainstream identification methods of emerging technologies and analyzed its characteristics and its impact on the research of identification methods of emerging technologies combined with typical cases, then proposed suggestions for future research on identification methods of emerging technologies.[Result/conclusion] The current identification methods of emerging technologies conclude quantitative methods and qualitative methods. The common identification methods of emerging technologies are mainly based on measurement models, bibliometrics and text mining methods, and they are increasingly inclined to be multi-method fusion. However, there are still some deficiencies in the research. Future research on identification methods of emerging technologies should strengthen the exploration of the essential characteristics of emerging technologies, and strengthen the interpretation of specific identification methods to emerging technologies, and promote the timeliness of identification of emerging technologies from data sources and identification methods as well as Strengthen the exploration of effective fusion methods and application methods of multi-source data in the identification of emerging technologies. 相似文献