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1.
模块化创新的网络化知识集成模式 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
模块化创新通过各功能主体的知识分工与分层协调体系实现了创新模式的升级.基于模块操作的功能整合是模块化创新实现顾客价值创新优势的基本途径,而知识集成是模块化创新功能整合的核心支撑.由于模块化创新的知识具有分布式结构特征,其知识集成呈现网络化特征.模块化创新的网络化知识集成模式通过知识的配置和整合,为顾客创造选择价值并及时发现协调体系内的冲突,推动协调规则的演化并释放更多的技术潜力,最终实现以顾客价值创造为核心的产品创新静态效率和动态效率的良好结合. 相似文献
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基于模块化的中国装备制造业自主创新的制约与突破 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
韩晶 《科学学与科学技术管理》2009,30(12)
装备制造业中模块化生产方式比较普遍,发达国家的跨国公司是模块化生产网络中的核心企业,掌握着关键模块,而包括中国在内的发展中国家的企业是模块制造商,在模块化生产网络中从属于跨国公司.模块化分工下中国装备制造业自主创新能力与世界先进水平还有不小差距,装备制造业自主创新受制于跨国公司强大的买方势力和自身创新体系的欠缺.为此,装备制造业自主创新的突破应主要关注创新网络的建立和创新环境的优化. 相似文献
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模块化产品的属性是基于部件的,文章基于此试从顾客视角对模块进行分类,并分析了模块角色演化的路径,论述顾客对较复杂模块化产品的选择(权)价值不易实现的原因。顾客视角下的模块分类及模块角色演化为顾客价值创新提供一个思考框架。根据四类角色的模块创新在产品创新周期中的分布及特征,文章探讨了模块化背景下价值创新对顾客选择(权)价值实现的意义。 相似文献
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产品内国际分工、产业升级与产业增长——基于中国通信设备制造业的实证分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
产品内分工拓宽了发展中国家的国际分工参与度,为产业升级、产业增长提供了新的路径。本文从产品内分工的视角,对我国通信设备制造业进行实证分析,挖掘该产业的国际分工特征,系统构建了基于政府、跨国公司、高校及科研机构与产业之间互动模型的产业升级路径,提出了我国通信制造业跟随型升级战略与跳跃型升级战略。 相似文献
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当前全球经济一体化进程加快,产品生产的专业化水平进一步提高,产品的生产链开始分化和独立,不同国家有可能参与同一产品不同生产环节的生产,由此导致产品内贸易的产生.产品内贸易的出现及迅速增长可以归结于跨国交易成本的降低及国际分工的细化.通过对产品内贸易的利益分配进行分析,亦可发现发展中国家在与发达国家的国际分工合作中一直处于弱势、不平等地位. 相似文献
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本文从产品内分工的视角构建中国工业产业技术进步的计量模型,以2002-2012年中国27个工业行业面板数据为样本,实证研究我国参与全球生产网络对劳动生产率的影响。结果表明:产品内国际分工对技术进步促进作用因行业异质性而存在差异,各行业之间形成不同的技术进步方向和路径选择,中低端技术产业"进口中间产品—深加工—出口中间产品"对中低端技术产业的劳动生产率促进作用的较为突出,而高端技术产业的"进口中间产品—深加工—出口最终产品"方向对劳动生产率提高更明显。实证进一步揭示出我国应将仅对RD投入数额本身的关注同时转移到对RD内容的重视上,建立起从研发内容到研发投入的逻辑,制定适合自身发展特点的产业政策,提高RD投入的使用效率,从而充分发挥产品内分工的促进作用,提高我国在全球生产网络中的嵌入层级,拉升国际分工地位,推动产业升级。 相似文献
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模块化技术创新网络的自组织演化模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
产品的模块化导致了组织的模块化.技术创新网络作为复杂产品创新过程中所形成的网络组织,也呈现出模块化的特征.由于技术创新网络具有自组织特性,因此复杂自适应理论为此提供了新的视角.本研究结合模块化理论和复杂自适应理论,对模块化技术创新网络的自组织演化过程进行分析,认为:模块化技术创新网络的自组织演化动力是设计规则在流动过程中的自我强化;模块化技术创新网络的自组织演化路径遵循不稳定一次混沌-混沌-稳定的回路模型. 相似文献
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在组织梳理产业价值网的理论演化脉络、时代背景和国内外已有相关研究的基础上,论证提出一个包含产品模块化维度、产业组织模块化维度、产业价值链模块化的关键价值区域生成与强化的模块化三维研究框架,综合了多学科的研究思路与方法,将产业价值网的形成与发展纳入经济全球化的视野,研究产业价值网模块化分工与交易、模块化生产网络的组织与治理、关键价值区域形成机制及战略等,为推动产业价值网的形成与发展提供新的思路。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
16.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
17.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
20.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献